Objective To observe the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BTXA) in the treatment of small sample patients with acute acquired concomitant esotropia. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 6 patients (3 female and 3 male) with acute acquired concomitant esotropia aged 6 to 34 years. Methods All the patients were received 2.5 units of BTXA injected into the bilateral medial rectus muscles once under electromyographic control. They were performed alter prism-cover test,synoptophore and stereoscopic charts test. Main Outcome Measures The alignment of eyes and binocular vision. Results The follow-up of patients was 4 to 39 months. The pre-injection angle of deviation was 43.3?1.0△; the angle of deviation at the last follow-up was 3.3?8.2△,and 5 patients achieved alignment. In pre-injection,one patient had distance stereopsis,2 patients had near stereopsis with 600 seconds and 40 seconds; after injection,5 patients demonstrated distance and near stereeopsis (3 patients 40 seconds,1 patient 60 seconds,and 1 patient 200 seconds). Conclusion This small sample study shows that BTXA injection is effective alternative in treating acute acquired concomitant esotropia.

ObjectiveTo define the components of membranous labyrinth proteins which take part in the development of autoimmunity in experimental animals with autoimmune inner- ear disease(AIED). MethodsAn animal modee of AIED was es tablished by using homologous crude inner ear antigen to immune the guinea pig. The autoantibodies against inner ear antigenin the sera of animals were examined by immunoblotting assay. ResultsThe components of membranous labyrinth proteins were very complicated, which had five main bands in electrophoresis; most of immunized animals had only developed two sorts of autoantibod ies which were anti-68 kD and 136 kD membranous labyrinth proteins. There was no positive reaction in sera of control animals. Conclusion This results showed that the immune reactions against the 68 kD and 136 kD proteins of membranous labyrinth may be autoimmune bases for AIED in animals.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to observe Huwang Mingmu San’s(HWMMS)effect on the experimental vitreous hemorrhage.Methods:We divided 48 rabbits randomly into the A group as the normal control group,the B group as the modal group,the C group as the traditional chinese medicine group(HWMMS)and the D group as the western medicine group(entodan).Six rabbits of the four groups were killed randomly in the 8th week and their vitreous send to TNF-?,IL-6 examination at the same time.We study the activity level of MDA,SOD,NA-K-ATP enzyme on retinal.Results: It was suggested that the TNF-?’s content in HWMMS group had significantly increased than that in the normal group and the model group but no difference was found between the HWMMS group and the entodan group.Meanwhile the results showed that the HWMMS group’s content of IL-6 and MDA was lower and SOD activity,NA-K-ATP enzyme content was higher than those in the model group and the entodan group.Conclusion:We concluded that the HEMMS had a remarkable therapeutic effect on retinal damage and in promoting absorption vitreous hemorrhage.

Animals ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; immunology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; instrumentation ; Genetic Therapy ; instrumentation ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans

Adolescent ; Asthma ; psychology ; therapy ; Behavior Therapy ; Child ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Psychotherapy

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Bu Shen Tiao Qi(supplementing the kidney and regulating qi) needling in treating perimenopausal syndrome.Method Fifty patients were randomized into two groups, 25 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by Bu Shen Tiao Qineedling combined with electroacupuncture, while the control group was by shallow needling plus sham electroacupuncture. Kupperman Index (KI) wasobserved respectively before treatment, after 2-week and 4-week treatment, and in the 4-week follow-up study. The differences of scores and improvements of the 13 symptoms listed in KI were calculated.Result The total effective rate was 92.0% in the treatment group versus 44.0% in the control group; in the treatment group, the KI scores after 2-week treatment and in the 4-week follow-up study were significantly different from that before treatment (P<0.05), and a more significant difference was found after 4-week treatment (P<0.01); the between-group differences were statistically significant in comparing KI (P<0.05).Conclusion Bu Shen Tiao Qineedling can produce a satisfactory efficacy in treating perimenopausal syndrome.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of liver-soothing and spleen-reinforcing acupuncture in treating functional constipation.Methods Sixty patients with functional constipation were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received liver-soothing and spleen-reinforcing acupuncture and the control group, oral administration of prucalopride succinate tablets. The number of complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBM), the number of spontaneous bowel movements (SBM), constipation symptoms (defecation time, defecatory difficulty and fecal characters) scores and The Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) score were recorded in the two groups before and after two and four weeks of treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared.Results After two weeks of treatment, there were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in CSBM and SBM in the treatment group (P<0.05) and significant post-treatment differences in CSBM and SBM between the two groups (P<0.05). After four weeks of treatment, there were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in CSBM and SBM in the two groups (P<0.05) and no significant post-treatment differences in CSBM and SBM between the two groups (P>0.05). After two and four weeks of treatment, there were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in constipation symptoms scores in thetwo groups (P<0.05). After two weeks of treatment, the defecation time and defecatory difficulty scores were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group; there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). After two and four weeks of treatment, the fecal character score was significantly higher in the control than in the treatment group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the PAC-QOL scores in the two groups (P<0.05) and no significant post-treatment differences in the PAC-QOL scores between the two groups (P>0.05). The total efficacy rate was 80.0% in the treatment group and 73.3% in the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions Liver-soothing and spleen-reinforcing acupuncture has a marked therapeutic effect on functional constipation. It produces a quick effect with high safety.

Objective To evaluate the toxicity of the intra-articular injection of bevacizumab in the knee of the rabbit.Methods Thirty-two rabbits were divided into 3 experimental groups and normal control group.Three experimental groups were received intra-articular injection of bevacizumab (1, 2, 4 mg respectively) once every three weeks for two times and the normal control group was received the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.The animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks.Blood test was examined before and after treatment.Pathologic examinations of liver, kidney and artiluar tissue were taken after the sacrifice.The hematoxylin and eosin stain for synovium and cartilage were performed.The AB-PAS stain and Mankin's scale for cartilage were performed.Results All the rabbits kept normal physiological activity.There was no significant difference of major organs and articular tissue between experimental groups and normal control group.There was no significant difference for WBC, RBC, PLT, ALT, BUN and Mankin's scale among all groups.Conclusion No systemic toxicity effects were found for the intra-articular injection of bevacizumab in the knee of the rabbit.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are fibrous structures released by neutrophils and the formation process is called NETosis. NETs participate in the host innate immunity. Recent research has found that NETs is a double-edged sword. Under normal conditions, the formation of NETs can play a role in clearing pathogens and maintain the host homeostasis. However, when NETs are overproduced or not cleared in time, they can take part in the pathogenesis of many diseases. This article reviewed the formation of NETs, the mechanisms involved in NETosis and the role of NETs in the secretion of multiple cytokines in different diseases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Dexamethasone ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; blood ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult