Spleen kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD) diarrhea is a common syndrome in tranditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Until now, there is not an ideal SKYD diarrhea rat model for the research. In this study, we compared single factor way (method I, injecting hydrocortisone and gavaging Sennae Folium) with compound factors way(method II, gavaging adenine, improper diet, exhaustion, and gavaging Sennae Folium) on establishing SKYD diarrhea rat model. After modelling, diarrhea index, D-xylose excretory rate, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index and histopathology examination were used to evaluate the two ways. The results showed that, compared with health group, all the assessment criterias of method I and method II had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05). In addition, the index such as diarrhea index, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index (kidney, testis and thymus) and histopathology examination had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05) between method I and method II. In conclusion, the compound factors modelling method better conforms to the symptom of diarrhoea model caused by SKYD. This new modelling method provides a basis for studying on TCM astringents warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney, relieving diarrhea.
Animals ; Diarrhea ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Xylose ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of staging treatment with various acupuncture therapies mainly on Yifeng (TE17) point for the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis. Methods One hundred and two peripheral facial paralysis patients were randomly divided into trial group and control group, 51 patients in each group. The trial group was given acupuncture mainly on Yifeng point, by Yang needling(plum-blossom needling) for acute stage, Qi needling(concentrated triple-needling) for resting stage and Bang needling(lateral needling) for recovery stage. The control group was given conventional acupuncture. The treatment for the two groups was performed once a day, 5 continuous days constituted a course, and the treatment lasted 3 courses. Before treatment and after treatment for 1, 2, 3 course (s), facial nerve function scores were evaluated with House-Brackmann Grading Scale (HB) and the scores of pain in head and face were evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). And the clinical efficacy of the two groups was assessed after treatment. Results (1) After treatment for 3 courses, the cure rate and total effective rate of the trial group were 82.35％, 100.00％, and those of the control group were 60.78％, 86.27％, respectively. The differences between the two groups were significant (P <0.05). (2) After treatment, HB scores and VSA scores of patients with facial pain and headache in the two groups were improved after treatment (P < 0.05 compared with those before treatment), and the improvement in the trial group was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Staging treatment with various acupuncture therapies mainly on Yifeng point is more effective for the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis than conventional acupuncture.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of stage-based treatment of peripheral facial paralysis with Yifeng (TE 17) selected as the major point treated by different acupuncture methods.Method A total of 102 patients with peripheral facial paralysis were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 51 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by selecting Yifeng (TE 17) as the major point, treated with centro-square needling in the acute stage, triple needling in the resting stage, and proximal needling in the remission stage; the control group was intervened by ordinary acupuncture. The two groups were treated once a day, 5 d as a course of treatment. Before and after 3 treatment courses, the House Brackmann (HB) facial nerve grading scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in those patients complicated with pain were observed, and the clinical efficacies were compared.Result The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 100.0％ and 82.3％ in the treatment group versus 86.3％ and 60.8％ in the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The HB scores were significantly changed respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses in the two groups compared with the pre-treatment scores (P<0.05). The HB scores in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses (P<0.05). The patients complicated with facial pain or headache presented significant differences in VAS score respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses in the two groups (P<0.05). In comparing the VAS score in the patients complicated with facial pain or headache, there were significant differences between the two groups respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses (P<0.05).Conclusion Stage- based treatment with Yifeng (TE 17) selected as the major point treated with different acupuncture methods can produce valid efficacy in treating peripheral facial paralysis.

BACKGROUNDThe benefits and safety of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) have not been systematically quantified in different trials in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with primary or rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A meta-analysis of randomised trials comparing SES and bare-metal stent (BMS) was performed.

METHODSA systematic literature search was conducted to identify all randomized clinical trials. The primary outcome was the rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). The secondary outcomes included death, recurrent myocardial infarction, recurrent revascularization, and stent thrombosis.

RESULTSTotally, 1973 STEMI patients were enrolled in seven eligible randomized trials comparing SES with BMS. The pooled rate of major adverse cardiac events was significantly lower in the SES group than in the BMS group (9.7% vs 20.3%, OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.88-3.19, P < 0.00001). No significant difference in all causes of death was found between the SES and BMS groups, as well as in the pooled recurrent myocardial infarction rates. The pooled recurrent revascularization rate was significantly lower in the SES group than in the BMS group (5.1% vs 14.8%, OR 3.30, 95% CI 2.37-4.60, P < 0.00001). No significant difference was found between the pooled rates of stent thrombosis (1.2% in the SES group and 2.0% in the BMS group, OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.79-3.26, P = 0.19).

CONCLUSIONSSES is associated with a decreased risk of major adverse cardiac events compared with BMS by the greater reduction in repeat revascularization in STEMI patients. Larger trials with longer follow up are warranted to better define the role of SES in STEMI.

Drug-Eluting Stents ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Stents ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

AIMTo study the effect of different intervals between occlusions of vertebral arteries and bilateral common carotid arteries on the Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion global cerebral ischemic model, and the features of ischemia of the brainstem and hippocampus induced by occulusion of bilateral common carotid arteries under the condition of occlusion of unilateral vertebral artery.

METHODSEighty four adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups randomly: control group, bilateral vertebral artery occluding group, global brain ischemic insult group, and unilateral vertebral artery occluding plus bilateral common carotid arteries occluding group. In the global brain ischemic insult group, rats were further divided into 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h interval subgroups according to the interval between the occlusion of the vertebral arteries and bilateral common carotid arteries. The responses including enlarging of pupils and the light reflex during the brain ischemia were observed. The duration of right reflex disappearing, the general state, and the delayed neuronal death (DND) of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus of the rats after the brain ischemia were also observed.

RESULTSAmong the global brain ischemic insult group, both the responses and DND were more severe in 72 h interval subgroup than those in 24 h and 48 h interval subgroups. There was no significant difference between 24 h and 48 h interval subgroups. When the bilateral common carotid arteries were occluded under the condition of occlusion of unilateral vertebral artery, severe DND was observed in the CA1 hippocampus ipsilateral to the occluding vertebral artery, but no significant DND was observed in the contralateral CA1 hippocampus.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggested that the prior occlusion of the bilateral vertebral arteries during producing Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion global cerebral ischemic model might be a cerebral ischemic preconditioning that could protect to some extent pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus against severe ischemic insult induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries within 48 h. Moreover, There is ipsilateral predominance of blood perfusion from one side of vertebral artery to the brainstem and hippocampus, although there was Willis artery circle in rats.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; prevention & control ; Hippocampus ; blood supply ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vertebral Artery ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects on function rehabilitation of vocal cord after vocal cord polyps surgery treated with acupuncture at Sheng's Four Points of Throat.

METHODSSixty cases were randomly divided into a combined therapy group of Four Points of Throat and medication (group 1, 30 cases) and a medication group (group 2, 30 cases). In group 1 Four Points of Throat were punctured and routine medication was applied; in group 2, only routine medication was applied. The scores of symptom-sign and status of voice were observed and analyzed before and after treatment in two groups.

RESULTSAt 4th day after the surgery, the improvement of the symptom-sign scores in group 1 was more significant than that in group 2 (P < 0.05); and the voice analysis status in group 1 was superior to that in group 2 (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 83.3% (25/30) in group 1, which was superior to that of 60.0% (18/30) in group 2 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effect on function rehabilitation of vocal cord after vocal cord polyps surgery treated with the combined therapy group of Four Points of Throat and routine medication is favorable, superior to that with routine medication therapy.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; physiopathology ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Pharynx ; physiopathology ; Vocal Cords ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish a culture method for a large amount of highly purified osteoclast-like cells in vitro. To investigate the gene expression of some osteoclast marker enzymes. To lay the foundation for the further study of the signal path on the differentiation and formation of osteoclast-like cells.

METHODSThe bone marrow mononuclear cells of rat were treated with 30 ng/mL macrophagecolony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and 50 ng/mL receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and cultured for 6 days. After culturing, cells were evaluated by morphology observation, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, Giemsa staining, pit staining, and the gene expression of some osteoclast marker enzymes.

RESULTSThe TRAP-positive mononuclear cells were more frequently observed than the multinucleated cells and pit staining could be seen on the dentine slice. The transcription expression of TRAP, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), membrane-type1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and cathepsin K were detected by RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONThe cooperation of M-CSF and RANKL could induce a large amount of highly purified osteoclast-like cells formation in rat bone marrow culture. The typical characteristics of osteoclast-like cells were demonstrated and the enriched osteoclast-like cells expressed TRAP, MMP-9, MT1-MMP and cathepsin K.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cathepsin K ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; In Vitro Techniques ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Osteoclasts ; RANK Ligand ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B

OBJECTIVETo reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) property of carcinoma cells by blocking transcription of activating sites of mdr-1.

METHODSBreast carcinoma cells were transinfected with several antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) complementary to mdr-1 by lipofectin. RT-PCR was used to detect the production of mdr-1mRNA. The expression of P-glycoprotein (gp) was then detected by immunohistochemistry and the function of P-gp was detected by rhodamine123 retention.

RESULTSForty-eight hours after transfection, mdr-1 index of cells treated by ASODN complementary to MA zone (major initiation start zone), MI (minor initiation start zone), C zone (CAAT box), G zone (GC box) of mdr-1 gene was 1.4, 1.9, 1.6 and 2.1 respectively. The rate of P-gp protein expression in treated cells was 14%, 43%, 26% and 39% respectively. The intracellular Rh123 retention in treated cells was 125%, 83%, 102% and 77% respectively. There was significant difference between cells treated by ASODN complementary to MA zone and C zone and drug-resistant cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe ASODN complementary to MA zone and C zone of mdr-1 gene can reverse MDR of drug-resistant cells to various extent, amongst which the former is more effective. Down-regulating transcription of mdr-1 by blocking transcription activating sites can reduce the expression of mdr-1mRNA and P-gp, and thus reversing MDR of carcinoma cells. The ASODN complementary to MI zone, G zone of mdr-1 however do not significantly reverse the MDR property.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; genetics

In order to evaluate relapse predication ability of STR-PCR combining with qualitative RT-PCR for the bar/abl transcripts to the patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) fulfilled allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), 24 patients with CML after allo-HSCT were dynamically investigated for MRD, quantitative analysis of donor chimerism was performed by multiplex PCR amplification of STR markers and capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection, qualitative detection of bcr/abl transcripts was detected by nested RT-PCR. The results showed that persistent full donor chimerism (DC >/= 95%) was associated with an absence of MRD. All patients with stable MC (90% Genes, abl ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

BACKGROUNDThe efficacy and safety evidence of bortezomib in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with hepatitis B is vacant. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib in MM patients with hepatitis B in China.

METHODSFrom 2006 to 2011, 739 newly diagnosed MM patients were screened for serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) biomarkers. HBV-infected patients were followed for HBV reactivation by monitoring of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and HBV DNA load. The pattern of HBV reactivation in relation to bortezomib was evaluated. Seven hundred thirty-nine MM patients were included in this study.

RESULTSThe prevalence of MM patients infected with HBV was 3.4% (n = 25), of which 17 cases were treated with bortezomib. Bortezomib had no significant influence on liver function (ALT before and after treatment: 36.69 ± 8.90 U/L vs. 11.31 ± 2.74 U/L, P = 0.19) and HBV DNA of MM patients with HBV (detectable HBV DNA percentage: 5.9% vs. 11.8%, P = 0.12).

CONCLUSIONSBortezomib can be used safely and effectively in MM patients with hepatitis B. HBV prophylaxis and surveillance are recommended during the MM treatment.

Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; drug effects ; genetics ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Viral Load