Hydroxyapatite, as a biologically active material, has the same structure and ingredients as the inorganic of hard tissue in human body, moreover, its biocompatibility and biological activity of interface are better than other biological materials. Hydroxyapatite has been widely used in anophthalmus reconstruction, orbital reconstruction, artificial cornea transplant and drug carrier. Pure hydroxyapatite has some defects such as brittleness, low-bending strength, the strength of anti-fatigue and anti-sabotage in the physical environment are not high. In order to overcome or reduce these shortcomings, porous hydroxyapatite and composite hydroxyapatite are made to extent the clinical application of hydroxyapatite. With a variety optimization of performance, process and preparation of the composite materials, the hydroxyapatite/polymer tissue engineering materials in ophthalmology will be further developed.

Hyoscyamine 6 beta-hydroxylase (H6H) is the last rate-limiting enzyme directly catalyzing the formation of scopolamine in tropane alkaloids (TAs) biosynthesis pathway. It is the primary target gene in the genetic modification of TAs metabolic pathway. Full-length cDNA and gDNA sequences of a novel H6H gene were cloned from Datura arborea (DaH6H, GenBank accession numbers for cDNA and gDNA are KR006981 and KR006983, respectively). Nucleotide sequence analysis reveals an open reading frame of 1375 bp encoding 347 amino acids in the cDNA of DaH6H, while the gDNA of DaH6H contains four exons and three introns, with the highest similarity to the gDNA of H6H from D. stramonium. DaH6H also exhibited the most identity of 90.5% with DsH6H in amino acids and harbored conserved 2-oxoglutarate binding motif and two iron binding motifs. The expression level of DaH6H was highest in the mature leaf, followed by the secondary root, and with no expression in the primary root based on qPCR analysis. Its expression was inhibited by MeJA. DaH6H was expressed in E. coli and a 39 kD recombinant protein was detected in SDS-PAGE. Comparison of the contents of scopolamine and hyoscyamine in various TAs-producing plants revealed that D. arborea was one of the rare scopolamine predominant plants. Cloning of DaH6H gene will allow more research in the molecular regulatory mechanism of TAs biosynthesis in distinct plants and provide a new candidate gene for scopolamine metabolic engineering.

Objective To assess value of contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)in diagnosis of extracranial carotid stenosis.Methods Baseline ultrasonography and CEUS were performed in 108 patients with extracranial carotid stenosis.The location and degree of stenosis were judged and compared with the results of digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Results Of 108 patients,DSA diagnosed 81 vessels in 62 cases of mildintermediate stenosis which consisted of 33 common carotid arteries(CCAs),43 internal carotid arteries(ICAs)and 5 external carotid arteries(ECAS),51 vessels in 39 cases Of severe stenosis(46 ICAs and 5 CCAs)and 7vessels in 7 cases of complete occlusion(7 ICAs).The surface of intima and the interface of media-adventitia were depicted clearly by CEUS.The consistent rates in diagnosis on mild-intermediate stenosis,severe stenosis and complete obstruction by baseline ultrasonography and CEUS were 76.5%and 9 1.4%(P＜0.05).60.8%and94.1%(P＜0.001),28.6%and 100%(P＜0.05)respectively when judged by DSA as the golden standard.CEUS and DSA were correlated significantly on calculating the stenosis rate(r=0.975,P＜0.001).Conclusions CEUS can assess the degree of extracranial carotid stenosis accurately and non-invasively which is superior to baseline ultrasonography and correlated significantly with DSA.

Objective To study the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) in the elderly and the occurrence and development of arrhythmia. Methods A total of 120 OSAS patients and 40 normal controls were selected and their polysomnography(PSG) or dynamic blood oxygen and analyzed holter were monitored. Results The total number of the reduction in apnta hypopnea index (AHI) and arterial orygen saturation (SaO 2) over 0.04 and the lasted period during SaO 20.05), while the incidences of the intermediate and serious groups significantly increased(P

Referring to the rules for agricultural seed testing (GB /T 3543-1995) issued by China, the test of sampling, seed purity, weight per 1 000 seeds, seed moisture, seed viability and germination rate had been studied for screening seed quality test methods of Pesudostellaria heterophylla. The seed quality from different collection areas was measured. The results showed that at least 6.5 g seeds should be sampled and passed through 10-mesh sieve for purity analysis. The weight of 1 000 seeds was determined by using the 500-seed method. The phenotypic observation and size measurement were used for authenticity testing. The seed moisture was determined under the higher temperature (130 ± 2) degrees C for 5 hours. The seeds were dipped into 0.2% TTC sustaining 1 hour at 40 degrees C, then the viability could be determined. The break dormancy seeds were cultured on sand at 10 degrees C. K cluster analysis was applied for the data analysis, the seed quality from different collection areas grading of P. Heterophylla was described as three grades. The seed quality of each grade should reach following requirements: for first grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 86%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.59 g, purity ≥ 87%, moisture ≤ 13.1%; for second grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 70%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.40 g, purity ≥ 77%, moisture ≤ 14.3%; for third grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 41%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.29 g, purity ≥ 76%, moisture ≤ 15.8%. The seed testing methods for quality items of P. heterophylla had been initially established, as well as the primary P. heterophylla seed quality classification standard.
Caryophyllaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Germination ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Water ; analysis

Hyoscyamine 6 beta-hydroxylase (H6H) is the last rate-limiting enzyme directly catalyzing the formation of scopolamine in tropane alkaloids (TAs) biosynthesis pathway. It is the primary target gene in the genetic modification of TAs metabolic pathway. Full-length cDNA and gDNA sequences of a novel H6H gene were cloned from Datura arborea (DaH6H, GenBank accession numbers for cDNA and gDNA are KR006981 and KR006983, respectively). Nucleotide sequence analysis reveals an open reading frame of 1375 bp encoding 347 amino acids in the cDNA of DaH6H, while the gDNA of DaH6H contains four exons and three introns, with the highest similarity to the gDNA of H6H from D. stramonium. DaH6H also exhibited the most identity of 90.5% with DsH6H in amino acids and harbored conserved 2-oxoglutarate binding motif and two iron binding motifs. The expression level of DaH6H was highest in the mature leaf, followed by the secondary root, and with no expression in the primary root based on qPCR analysis. Its expression was inhibited by MeJA. DaH6H was expressed in E. coli and a 39 kD recombinant protein was detected in SDS-PAGE. Comparison of the contents of scopolamine and hyoscyamine in various TAs-producing plants revealed that D. arborea was one of the rare scopolamine predominant plants. Cloning of DaH6H gene will allow more research in the molecular regulatory mechanism of TAs biosynthesis in distinct plants and provide a new candidate gene for scopolamine metabolic engineering.
Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Datura ; enzymology ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; Hyoscyamine ; chemistry ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; genetics ; Plant Leaves ; enzymology ; Plant Roots ; enzymology ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide ; chemistry

Objective To observe the pathophysiological change of right heart remodeling model of beagle dogs caused by tricuspid regurgitation. Methods Six beagle dogs were separated to TR group and sham operation group randomly and equally. The anterior and posterior leaflets of tricuspid valve of beagle dogs from TR group were cut off under direct vision on the beating heart. The echocardiography data were measured pre-operation and post-operation 3, 6, 12 months respectively and autopsy results were acquired after the sacrifice of two animals who had been raised for 18 months. Results The operation was successful and survival 100%. The weight of TR group increased, and the echocardiography showed right atrium and ventricle enlargement and right heart dysfunction. The autopsy of TR group found myocardial fibrosis , liver cirrhosis and ascites. All of the results indicated the occurrence of right heart remodeling and right heart failure. There is no significant difference in sham operation group before or after operation. Conclusion The myocardial fibrosis is one of the pathological basis of right heart remodeling.

Cochlear Nerve ; chemistry ; pathology ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neurilemmoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

This research was a part of the investigation of traditional Chinese medicine resources survey in Markam. The medicinal plants in natural reserve were studied for the first in this paper. There were 300 species in 202 genera of 54 families, among them there were 7 species of ferns in 5 genera of 5 families, 6 species of gymnosperms in 4 genera of 3 families, and 287 species of angiosperms in 194 genera of 61 families. There were 166 species Tibetan medicinal plants in 102 genera of 47 families. Quantitative analysis was carried out in 6 aspects of family and genus composition, medicinal parts, drug properties, flavour of a drug, Tibetan medicine, toxicity and new plants. The concrete suggestions of protection and exploitation were put forward, which provided scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of medicinal plants in this area.
Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; Tibet

Agricultural Microbiology is a professional foundation curriculum for biology,botany and envi-ronmental majors in agricultural universities.After 1999,with the increase enrollment of the national under-graduate education and rapid construction of the university,the number of majors and students increased rapidly and quality of students and talent demand of society changed dramatically.Under such condition,in order to meet the society demand of microbiology,according to the distinguishing feature of different major groups,based on strengthening the basis teaching and stretching application teaching,new curriculum teaching model and method were explored positively,and then new curriculum system was constructed.Be-ing aroused sufficiently of the students’ subjective initiative,both the teaching quality and comprehensive quality were improved.