Background and purpose:Esophageal cancer(EC) is one of the most common cancers that account for cancer-related deaths and over 400,000 new cases has been diagnosed per year.The morbility of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus(SCEC) is very low.This paper was to study was the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of undifferentiated small cell carcinoma of the esophagus(SCEC).Methods:From 1961 to 2003,743 patients with SCEC were treated in different hospitals.The number of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus seen accounted for 1.38% of esophageal cancer treated in those hospitals in the same period.the average age was 56.8(range,51 to 66).511 of patients were male and 232 female.2 of them had primary tumor in the cervical proportion of the esophagus,68 in the upper thoracic proportion,420 in the mid thoracic proportion,252 in the lower proportion and 1 in the whole esophagus.88 patients were treated by surgery alone,23 by radiotherapy alone,24 patients by chemotherapy alone and all other of patients were treated by combined modality.Results:The median survival was 12.4 months for all patients,with 10.8 months for surgery,6.2 months for radiotherapy,6.6 months for chemotherapy,14.7 months for surgery combined with radiotherapy,16.1 months for surgery combined with chemotherapy,12.3 months for chemoradiotherapy and 16.2 months for surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy,respectively.The survival rates at 1,2,3,4,and 5 years were 56.4%、27%、19.3%、11.1%、(9.7%) for the whole group,respectively.Conclusions:We recommend that combined modality should be used for SCEC.The combination of surgery and multi-drug chemotherapy may improve the treatment outcomes for the patients with early stage SCEC.

Objective To explore the differences between the minority nationality and Han recruits in army occupational adaptability.Methods 3 213 recruited youths coming from 29 autonomous counties of minority nationalities,Yunnan Province were tested by 2011 Chinese enrollment psychological test system to explore the differences of the intelligence adaptability and character trait adaptability between the minority nationality and Han recruits.Results There were obvious differences in the eligible rates of intelligence and character trait between minority nationality and Han recruits ( x2 =13.3,9.0; P ＜ 0.01 ).The intelligence eligible rates of Yi,Hani,Wa recruits (78.1％,76.8％,68.2％,respectively) were significantly lower than those of Han recruits (84.0％) (P＜0.01 ),and time used in three intelligence test was all significantly longer than Han recruits(P ＜ 0.05 ).Naxi and Dai recruits' time used in word reasoning ( ( 109.2 ± 20.9) s; ( 123.9 ± 32.5 ) s,respectively) was both longer than Han recruits' (P＜0.01).In the fact of character trait,the eligible rates of Hani,Wa recruits (67.8％,64.3％,respectively) were significantly lower than that of Han recruits (78.1％) (P ＜ 0.01 ).The Hani average score of T dimension (57.9 ± 17.5) was obviously higher than the Han's score (52.2 ± 16.5) (P ＜ 0.05 ).All dimensions average scores except T and D dimension of Wa recruits were all significantly higher than those in Han recruits(P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Every minority nationality has its unique differences in armyoccupational adaptability from Han.Ethnic factor may be an important reference for new recruits' selection,education and management.

Objective To evaluate the effects of locking calcaneal plate in the treatment of SandersⅢ～Ⅳcalcaneal fractures.Methods 15 feet of 12 patients of SandersⅢ～Ⅳcalcaneal fractures received the treatment of internal fixation reduction with locking calcaneal plate and hone graft.Results All the patients were followed up for 4 to 21 months(average 11 months) with the results that according to Maryland foot score,4 feet were reported ex- cellent,6 good,1 average and 1 poor,with total excellent and good rate of 83.3 %.Conclusion Using locking cal- caneat plate in the treatment of complicated calcaneal fractures was proved to be a good method and had satisfactory effects.

Aged ; Female ; Histiocytic Sarcoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Skin ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective In the two division methods which are GDP per capita gathering and administrative level division of the state, which method can more reflect regional economy on teenagers psychological characteristics influence. Methods 10684 recruited youths were tested by Chinese enrollment psychological test system,and the division method of GDP per capita gathering and administrative level division of the state was adopted.Results By the method of GDP gathering, the percent of pass from digital operation was higher in second class region to first class region(P＜ 0.05 ). The percent of pass from digital search was higher in first and second class of region compared to third class of region(P ＜0.05). For the Net dimension, the average value of third class region (52.28 ±10. 53 ) was obviously higher than that of first class region (50. 64 ±- 10. 17)and second class region (51.53 ± 10.28 ) (P＜0. 05 ). For the Dit dimension, the average value of third class region (52.83 ± 11.03 ) was obviously higher than that of first class region (50. 56 ± 10. 56 ) and second class region (51.80 ± 10. 81 ) (P ＜0.05 ). The average value of Set dimension of second class region (51.81 ± 10.72)and third class region (52.44±- 10.94) was evidently higher than that of first class region (49.90 ± 10.76 ) (P ＜ 0. 05 ). While through the administrative level division of the state, the percent of pass was apparently higher in city than in country for digital searching and words reasoning; Set dimension was distinctly higher in country ( 52.30± 10. 85 ) than in city (51.07 ±10.90)(P＜0.05). Conclusion The GDP per capita clustering method can better reflect the regional economy on teenagers psychological characteristics influence.

Objective To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR?)in lupus nephritis(LN)patients and the possible mechanisms of PPAR?in the pathogenesis of LN. Method PPAR?expression was examined in 21 LN patients and 5 normal kidney biopsy specimens by im- munohistochemical method.The relationship between PPAR?expression and renal pathologic changes was an- alyzed.Results Glomerular and tubular positive staining of PPAR?in LN patients was markedly up-regulated compared with that in normal kidney specimens.The distribution and expression of PPAR?in classⅣwas sig- nificantly increased compared with that in classⅤandⅡ.The relevance assay showed that there was positive relationship between active index and glomerular PPAR?immunohistochemistry staining cell numbers(r=0.94, P＜0.01 ).Conclusion This study demonstrates in vivo that PPAR?expression is increased in active LN pa- tients with pathological active inflammation.These data suggest that the increase of PPAR?expression in renal cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of LN.

Objective To discuss the prevalence of non-EV71,non-CA16 virus strains of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Guangdong province between 2008 and 2009,and analyze the genetic evolution of these non-EV71,non-CA16 virus strains.Methods Isolated viruses from stool samples collected from outpatient and in-patient cases of HFMD between 2008 and 2009 by human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD) cell and HEp-2 cell,cultures that exhibited a characteristic enterovirus cytopathic effect were evaluated by RT-PCR.Those strains which identified non-EV71,non-CA16 were analyzed by VP1 sequencing and then were identified by BLAST program.A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighor-Joinning method in the MEGA 4.0 software.Results Twenty-two virus strains of non-EV71,non-CA16 were obtained,and nine of the twenty-two virus strains in 2008 were classified into CA2,CA4,and CB3 by BLAST; thirteen of the twenty-two virus strains in 2009 were classified into EV80,Echo13,Echo30,CBS,Echo24,CA10,CA6,and poliovirus 1 by BLAST.The honology of all strains was low,and all the strains belonged to CA,CB,Echoviruses,Enterovirus and poliovirus subgroup.Conclusion Except for EV71 and CA16 was a major causative agent in prevail of HFMD in Guangdong province between 2008 and 2009,there also existed other subgroup Enterovirus.The other twenty-two strains respectively belonged to CA,CB,Echoviruses,Enterovirus and poliovirus subgroup,and none of those strains was predominant.Muti-species Enterovirus occurred concomitantly.

Objective To establish a human ovarian carcinoma cell line with directional highly lymphatic metastasis and to study their biological characteristics.Methods The clone cells of ovarian carcinoma,SKOV3,were inoculated into the hind foot pad of nude mice.The cancer cells of lymph node metastatic foci were transplanted into nude mice again when the metastatic nude of mice were observed.After repetition of this procedure for 3 cycles,the metastatic rate and the metastatic paths were observed in nude mice of every passage.We used limited dilution method to separate and select colonial cells with directional highly lymphatic metastatic potentials from the lymphatic metastasis of human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3.The ceils with biological characteristics were assayed by growth curve,HE staining,karyotype analysis,nude mice transplantation and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Results We established a series of cell lines from lymph node metastasis and designated them as SKOV3-PM1,SKOV3-PM2 and SKOV3-PM3 cell strain.When the cells of SKOV3-PM3 were injected into the hind foot pad of nude mice, they produced 100%(10/10)spontaneous lymphatic metastasis.The lymphatic metastatic rates(26/10) were stable and higher than the mother cell line(1/10,P

Objective To explore the role of synaptic plasticity on the formation of visceral hyper- sensitivity induced by acute restraint stress in rats.Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and acute restraint stress group(model group).Visceral hypersensi- tivity was made by acute restraint stress for 1 h.The colorectal distension(CRD) with different pressure were performed and the abdominal electromyography(EMG) was recorded.The visceral sensitivity was determined by the frequency of EMG.The ultrastrueture of synapse was observed with transmission electron microscope.The expression of synaptophysin was measured by RT-PCR and Western-blot. Results①The frequency of EMG was significantly correlated with CRD pressure(control group,r=0.992, P=0.008;model group,r=0.978,P=0.022).The frequencies of EMG in model group(at 40,60 and 80 mm Hg) were significantly more than that in control group(P value=0.043,0.024,0.038,respectively).②There were more synaptic vesicles accumulated in presynaptical terminal.The post synaptic density was increased in model group compared to control group.③In the proximal and distant colon,the expressions of rnRNA and protein of synaptophysin were higher in model group (P

Bacillus anthracis collagen-like protein(BclA) is a structural component of the exosporium filaments,as well as the immunodominant antigen on the spore surface.The genes encoding BclA proteins were cloned and sequenced from three Bacillus anthracis strains separated from China.It was founded that the BclA proteins of strain A16R and 40048,containing 388 and 322 amino acids,72 and 50 copies of GXX repeat,5 and 3 copies of 21-amino-acid sequence(GPT)_(5)GDTGTT(BclA repeat) respectively,are different from those reported by foreign scholars;while the BclA protein of strain 40022,containing 370 amino acids,66 copies of GXX repeat,and 5 copies of BclA repeat,is identical with that of strain 53169 reported by others.The results are helpful for the molecular typing of B.anthracis strains,and provide a basis for the elucidation of the pathogenesis and immunogenicity of B.anthracis spore.