Aim To establish and evaluate the simple and effective animal model of rheumatoid arthritis in SD rats induced by heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra(Mtb).Methods SD rats were immunized s.c.at the base of the tail with Mtb(1 mg/rat) in mineral oil,and then body weight,blood routine,clinical signs of arthritis were observed regularly.And also hind paw volume in SD rats with AA was tested.Meanwhile,T-lymphocyte subset was determined by flow cytometry in peripheral blood,the level of TNF-?in serum and IL-1 and IL-6 and vascular endothe-lial growth factor(VEGF) in joint tissue were tested by ELISA.The ankle pathological change and radiographic evidence of the hind paws of SD rats were observed to evaluate the AA model effects and availability in SD rats.Results When compared with normal control rats,the total number of white blood cells,platelets and monocytes in peripheral blood and ratio of CD4/CD8 was markedly raised after immunization with Mtb.But body weight of model rats was significantly low from day 14 to 28 after injection of Mtb.The inflammatory arthritic lesions such as edema and erythema in the paws appeared after 9～10 d.The peak of inflammation was 14～16 d.The level of TNF-?in serum and IL-1,IL-6 and VEGF in joint tissue was significantly higher in SD rats with Mtb than that in normal control rats at d 28.The histopathological examination revealed cellular infiltration,synovial and cartilage hyperplasia in ankle joints of SD rats.Conclusions The model induced by Mtb in SD rats is more similar in clinical characterization of rheumatoid arthritis in human being.It is a more efficient and simpler manipulative procedure for screening of new anti-arthritis drugs and experimental studying of anti-rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the preventive effect of Yougui drink on femoral head necrosis in rats under micro CT.

METHODSTwenty-five SD rats were divided into steroid hormone group (group A, 10 rats ), Yougui drink group (group B,10 rats) and normal group (group C,5 rats)with random number table. Endotoxin were injected into abdominal cavity of rats in group A and B for 2 days, methylprednisolone sodium succinate were injected by gluteus for twice a week continued for 6 weeks; group B were gavaged by Yougui drink (veryday for 8 weeks; group C did not do any processing. All rats were killed on the 10th weeks,m icro CT were used to scan femoral head in vitro and preventive effect of Yougui drink (n femoral head necrosis in rats.

RESULTSThere was statistical significance in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Thb, Sp, BS/TV and DA but no significance in SMI between group A and B. Comparison between A and C, there was significant meaning in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Tb, Sp, BS/TV, DA and SMI.

CONCLUSIONYougui drink on femoral head necrosis in rats under micro CT has preventive effect from BMD BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Tb, Sp, BS/TV and DA.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Density ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Femur Head Necrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; X-Ray Microtomography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of low molecular weight heparin calcium (LMWHC) combined Compound Danshen Injection (DI) on nephrotic syndrome patients with early onset severe preeclampsia.

METHODSTotally 80 nephrotic syndrome patients with early onset severe pre-eclampsia were randomly assigned to four groups voluntarily, i.e., Group A (22 cases, treated by magnesium sulfate), B (19 cases, treated by magnesium sulfate plus LMWHC), C (21 cases, magnesium sulfate plus DI), D (18 cases, magnesium sulfate plus LMWHC and DI). Umbilical arterial S/D ratios, amniotic fluid index (AFI), prolonged gestational age, placenta weight, neonatal weight, and Apgar score were compared among the four groups.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment in the same group, umbilical arterial S/D ratios decreased in the four groups (P <0. 05). AFI decreased in Group A, while it increased in Group B, C, and D (P<0. 05). Compared with Group A at the same time point, umbilical arterial S/D ratios decreased, and AFI increased in Group B, C, and D (P <0. 01 , P <0. 05). Prolonged gestational age and neonatal weight were increased in Group B, C, and D (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). Placenta weight were increased in Group B and D (P <0. 05). Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were improved in Group D (P <0. 05). Compared with Group B and C at the same time point, umbilical arterial S/D ratios decreased, and AFI increased in Group D (P<0. 05). Compared with Group B, prolonged gestational age and placenta weight were decreased in Group C, but prolonged gestational age and placenta weight were increased in Group D (P <0.05). Compared with Group C, prolonged gestational age, placenta weight, and neonatal weight were increased in Group D (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of nephrotic syndrome patients with early onset severe pre-eclampsia by LMWHC combined DI could prolong gestational ages, obviously improve prenatal outcomes, with better effect obtained than using any of them alone.

Calcium ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Phenanthrolines ; Pre-Eclampsia ; drug therapy ; Pregnancy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of iron protein succinylate (IPS) oral solution in preventing and treating anemia of prematurity (AOP).

METHODSSixty premature infants less than 35 weeks of gestation were randomly divided into IPS (n=30) and polysaccharide iron complex (PIC) groups(n=30). Treatment began at two weeks after birth. The infants received IPS or PIC in addition to recombinant human erythropoietin. On days 14, 28, 42, and 60 after treatment, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count(RBC), hematocrit (HCT), percentage of reticulocytes, serum iron, and serum ferritin were determined. Liver and renal functions were evaluated before and after treatment.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in the changing trends of RBC and HCT between the two groups (P<0.05). In the IPS group, RBC and HCT gradually decreased after birth, but began to rise gradually on days 28 and 42 of treatment; in the PIC group, RBC and HCT kept decreasing from birth to day 60 of treatment. On day 60 of treatment, the IPS group had significantly higher levels of Hb, RBC, HCT, serum iron, and serum ferritin than the PIC group (P<0.05). No notable adverse events occurred in either group.

CONCLUSIONSIPS oral solution has good efficacy and tolerability in preventing and treating AOP.

Administration, Oral ; Anemia, Neonatal ; blood ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female ; Hematinics ; therapeutic use ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Infant, Premature ; Iron ; metabolism ; Male ; Metalloproteins ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Solutions ; Succinates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUNDThe dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells plays a key role in starting and facilitating restenosis. The acceleration of intima repair and the recovery of endothelial function would reduce the restenosis rate. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the repair of damaged iliac arteries.

METHODSTwenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits undergoing primary iliac artery deendothelization were randomly divided into two groups (GM-CSF group and control group). The GM-CSF group received a subcutaneous injection of GM-CSF [10 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1)], and the control group was given a subcutaneous injection of equivalent saline. The iliac arteries of all animals were damaged by balloon after 7 days. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) were detected before, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after angioplasty. The repair and hyperplasia of the intima were observed microscopically and the indices of stenosis were evaluated by computerized planimetry after 4 weeks of angioplasty.

RESULTSThe NO levels of the GM-CSF group were higher than those of the control group 2 weeks and 4 weeks after angioplasty [(91.92 +/- 11.57) micromol/L vs. (81.67 +/- 12.18) micromol/L; (97.67 +/- 10.13) micromol/L vs. (83.16 +/- 12.64) micromol/L]. Four weeks after balloon damage, histological examination showed that neointima formation, vascular smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue of the GM-CSF group were less than those of the control group. The endothelium of the GM-CSF group was more integrated, and stenosis of lumen was slighter than that of the control group. Morphometry showed the lumen area of the GM-CSF group was larger than that of the control group [(1.27 +/- 0.31) mm(2) vs. (0.92 +/- 0.24) mm(2)], the neointimal area and percent of intima hyperplasia were significantly smaller than those of the control group [(0.85 +/- 0.34) mm(2) vs. (1.18 +/- 0.38) mm(2); (40 +/- 7)% vs. (55 +/- 6)%].

CONCLUSIONGM-CSF could facilitate the repair of the intima, reduce neointima formation, better the function of the endothelium, and decrease the rate of restenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Hyperplasia ; Iliac Artery ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Rabbits ; Tunica Intima ; drug effects ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical effectiveness of Compound Danshen Injection (CDI) in treating patients with early onset severe preeclampsia.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients with early onset severe preeclampsia were recruited and their gestational age ranged between 26 and 34 weeks. Sixty patients who volunteered to receive CDI were recruited as the treatment group, while 60 inpatients were recruited as the control group at the same time period. The routine therapy was given to those in the control group. CDI was intravenously dripped to those in the treatment group additionally by adding in 250 mL 5% glucose injection, once daily. The treatment for all lasted for 7 successive days. The D-dimer (DD), fibrinogen (Fg), hematocrit (HCT), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), mean arterial pressure (MAP), 24 h urine volume (UV), 24 h urine protein (24 hUP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A (apoA1), apolipoprotein B (apoB), umbilical arterial S/D ratio (S/D), and amniotic fluid index (AFI) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The placenta weight (PW), neonatal weight (NW), 1 min Apgar scoring were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTSThere was no difference in DD, Fg, HCT, t-PA, PAI-1, MAP, UV, 24 hUP, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, apoA1, apoB, S/D, or AFI between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). In the treatment group PAI-1, Fg, and 24 hUP decreased more after treatment, and they were lower than those of the control group after treatment. The UV and AFI increased and they were higher than those of the control group after treatment with statistical difference shown (P<0.05, P<0.01). In the control group the UV increased and 24 hUP decreased after treatment (P<0.01). There was no improvement in the rest indices (P>0.05). The PW, NW,and 1 min Apgar score > or = 7 were all higher in the treatment group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCDI was helpful to improve the high condensation state of patients with early onset severe preeclampsia, protect important organs of the mother, and improve the prognosis of neonates.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Phenanthrolines ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Pre-Eclampsia ; drug therapy ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE To construct the neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) sub-network regulated by Liuwei Dihuang decoction (LW) and analyze its characteristics. METHODS We took the GSE57273 in GEO database and screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs)(P<0.01) by the GEO2R tool as gene expression signature of LW. The global PPI network was constructed in the context of whole PPI network through direct interaction algorithm and forest algorithm respectively.Then the enrichment and the topological characteristics of NIM signaling molecules were evaluated by permutation test. Finally, we abstracted the NIM sub-network by NIMNT, which combined the NIM molecular network and forest algorithm, and analyzed the topological characteristics of it by the Network Analyzer(release 2.7)plugin in Cytoscape v3.5.1.RESULTS We got 2468 DEGs in the gene expression signature of LW.After analyzing the global PPI network of LW got by two kinds of algorithms,we found that the NIM signaling molecules significantly enriched and located in important positions in the global PPI network. The NIM sub-network regulated by LW contained 1099 nodes and 1056 edges. We screened out 22 hub nodes (Degree>10). Among them, there were 19 NIM signaling molecules in which only ESR1 changed significantly and 3 non-DEGs(NFATC2,RARA,TP53).However,the down-stream of the hub nodes were significantly changes. CONCLUSION The results suggested that LW might mainly regulate the non-hub nodes to recovery of the network imbalance of the body in the state of disease.

Objective To summarize our experience with endovascular treatment of vertibrobasilar aneurysms. Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with vertibrobasilar aneurysms admitted between October, 2003 and July, 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. All the 21 patients received endovascular embolization, of whom 11 patients had embolization with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC), 9 had GDC embolization with Neuroform stent placement, and 1 patient was managed with covered stent placement in the parent artery. Results After the operations, 19 patients were clinically cured with good prognosis, 1 patient was severely disabled, and 1 died due to heart failure. Four patients underwent ventriculo-peritoneal shunting for postoperative hydrocephalus. Conclusions Endovascular embolization with GDC and placement of Neuroform stent and covered stent are effective options for management of vertibrobasilar aneurysms, and most of the vertibrobasilar aneurysms can be treated effectively by these approaches.

BACKGROUNDHypogammaglobulinemia is common in infant humoral immunodeficiencies and has complicated causes and outcomes. We aimed to determine the clinical manifestations, immunological changes and outcomes of Shanghai infants with hypogammaglobulinemia.

METHODSPatients under 2 years old, having one or more warning signs of primary immunodeficiency disorders, serum immunoglobulin levels below the lower limit of reference range per age, and with normal numbers for lymphocyte subsets, were analyzed and followed up for 2 to 3 years.

RESULTSA total of 91 children (male-to-female ratio: 2.25: 1) participated in the study. Initial clinical presentation was recurrent upper respiratory tract infection (46%), invasive infection (3%), atopic disease (32%). IgA reduction (77%) was prevalent; 34% patients had more than one isotype reduced. During follow-up, 51 of 62 patients (82.25%) had immunoglobulins normalized at the age between 12 - 48 months; these were diagnosed as transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI). Long-term follow-up may reveal a diagnosis for the remaining 11 infants with persistent lower immunoglobulin levels, who did not have antibody titers measured. Earlier onset was correlated with higher rates of normalization. More patients were diagnosed with isolated hypogammaglobulinemia in 2006 compared with the previous 4 years (2002 - 2005).

CONCLUSIONSThe awareness of immunodeficiency among pediatricians has been greatly improved. Recurrent otitis media was not a major infection in our patients. THI is a relatively common condition associated with infant hypogammaglobulinemia. In the absence of specific antibody titers, the diagnosis of THI can be confirmed retrospectively with Ig levels normalized in follow-up visits. Therefore, long-term follow-up and frequent re-evaluation of these patients are necessary to distinguish them from true primary immunodeficiency.

Agammaglobulinemia ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD28 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunophenotyping ; methods ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neprilysin ; blood ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; blood ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; blood ; metabolism