Objective To study the difference of image quality and radiation dose between different exposure modes with full-field digital mammography (FFDM).Methods The Fluke18-220mammographic phantom was exposed by FFDM system with different exposure modes at automatic exposure control ( AEC ) ,including contrast mode,standard mode and dose mode,and the exposure factors and radiation dose were recorded.The images on monitor with the best window width and window level were read by four independent radiologists.The images of specks groups,nylon fibers and masses was assessed by the four experienced readers at the criterion of American College of Radiology.Results The detection of specks groups,nylon fibers and masses were statistically different at the contrast mode and standard mode (F =41.321,P ＜ 0.05),further at the contrast mode and dose mode.The detection of specks groups、nylon fibers and masses were not statistically different( P ＞ 0.05 ) at standard mode and dose mode,but the radiation doses were different.The ESD at standard mode and dose mode was 4.5 and 3.15 mGy,respectively.The AGD of standard mode and dose mode was 1.18 mGy and 0.78 mGy,respectively.Conclusions The standard mode and dose mode of FFDM might be fit for most patients,especially at the dose mode.Contrast mode of FFDM should be strictly controled in use.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on heart function and myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and corresponding mechanism. METHODS:50 SHR were randomly divided into a model group,a captopril tablets group (positive drug,30 mg/kg) and the groups of high,medium and low-dose (100,50,25 mg/kg) Astragalus polysaccharides,with 10 SHR in each group. Another 10 Wistar Kyoto rats were included into the normal group. The rats in the drug administration groups were given corresponding drugs ip,while those in the normal group and the model group were given isometric distilled water ip,once a day,for 12 consecutive weeks. The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP),left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP),left ventricular pressure rise rate (+dp/dtmax) and left ventricular pressure decline rate (-dp/dtmax) of the rats were recorded. The heart mass index (HMI) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) thereof were deter-mined. The level of hydroxyproline and the mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and peroxi-some proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ)in the cardiac muscle tissue thereof were detected. RESULTS:Compared to the nor-mal group,the rats in the model group had lower LVSP,+dp/dtmax and-dp/dtmax,higher LVEDP,HMI and LVMI,as well as high-er levels of hydroxyproline and the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 and lower level of the mRNA and protein expression of PPAR-γ in the cardiac muscle tissue (P<0.01). Compared to the model group,all the above-mentioned indexes of the rats in the group of high-dose Astragalus polysaccharides and the captopril tablets group were significantly improved (P<0.05 or P<0.01);except for LVEDP and the mRNA expression of PPAR-γ,all the above-mentioned indexes of the rats in the group of medi-um-dose Astragalus polysaccharides were significantly improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01);no statistically significant difference(P>0.05) in all the above-mentioned indexes was shown between the model group and the group of low-dose Astragalus polysaccha-rides,except that the-dp/dtmax of the latter was significantly higher and the level of the mRNA expression of TGF-β1 was obvious-ly lower (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Astragalus polysaccharide can improve heart function and myocardial fibrosis in SHR by a mechanism which may be related to downregulating the expression of TGF-β1 and upregulating the expression of PPAR-γin the car-diac muscle tissue.

With constant development and application of new generation information technology such as big data, cloud computing and Internet of Things, traditional management style and thought patterns of TCM are being changed. It is particularly important to introduce information security into budget management of TCM projects. This article discussed security factors in TCM budget monitoring platform, organized key contents of information security construction, built information security model for monitoring platform, and analyzed security strategies for the construction of TCM budget monitoring platform, with a purpose to guarantee effective implementation of budget information management measures of TCM projects.

Curcumae Rhizoma comes from Curcuma genus,functional breaking blood stasis,detumescence and acesodyne for treatment of Zhengjia accumulation,amenorrhea,traumatic injury and bruising pain.Modem pharmacological studies have shown that the main monomer composition of zedoary turmeric has a good anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.The main monomer composition of zedoary turmeric copies of curcumol,beta etemene,curcumin anti-inflammatory anti-tumor mechanism of review,provide the basis for the further research progress and clinical application of zedoary turmeric.

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of the effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 306 patients with coronary heart disease in four third-grade and A-level hospitals extacted by convenient sampling method were surveyed.Project analysis,exploratory factor analysis,correlation analysis and so on were applied to analyze and select items.Then the Cronbach's alpha coefficient,test-retest reliability,and content validity of the scale were tested.Then the original system was modified and the eventual system was formed.Results The scale was consisted of 8 first-dimensions and 35 indexes.The Cronbach's α of the total system was 0.832,and the α of subscales were from 0.629 to 0.882.The test-retest reliability of the total system was 0.966,and the testretest reliability of subscales were from 0.848 to 0.942.The S-CVI/Ave of system was 0.99,and the S-CVI/UA of indexes was 0.91.The Pearson correlation coefficient of the indexes with their dimensions were from 0.574 to 0.916,which were higher than the coefficient of the indexes with other dimensions.Factor analysis supported the eight-factor structure of the system,which could explain 65.61％ of the total variance and the factor loading of each index were from 0.430 to 0.938.Conclusions The system is reliable and valid,and can provide a unified reference standard for effect evaluation of health education of coronary heart disease.

Objective To establish a scientific,standard and comprehensive effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease.Methods Based on KABP (knowledge,attitude,belief,practice,KABP) model of health education,the effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease was formulated by documentary analysis,qualitative research,questionnaire survey,Delphi method,and analytic hierarchy process.Results The authoritative coefficient,determination coefficient and familiarity coefficient was 0.89,0.91,0.86,respectively.The coordination coefficients of the first-dimension and the second-dimension were 0.295 and 0.302,respectively.The index system consisted of 6 first-dimensions,45 second-dimensions.The weight coefficient of health knowledge,health belief,health behavior,physical signs,quality of life,and satisfaction degree of health education was 0.153 8,0.153 8,0.366 1,0.086 3,0.153 8,0.086 3,respectively.Conclusions The effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease is reliable and valid,which can provide a quantitative basis for effect evaluation of health education.

Untargeted metabolomics analysis of rhubarb and stewed rhubarb samples shows that the determined samples clearly clustered in to two groups, indicating that the processing procedures caused changes in the composition and/or content of components in rhubarb. Ten components were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and references, which intensity declined in rhubarb after processing. Targeted metabolomics analysis of rhubarb and stewed rhubarb samples indicated that aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin and physcion were detected with lower intensity in stewed rhubarb samples than in rhubarb samples. Metabolomics analysis of rhubarb and stewed rhubarb indicated the various components of rhubarb changed after processing.
Anthraquinones ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Emodin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Food Handling ; methods ; Food Preservation ; methods ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Principal Component Analysis ; Rheum ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

AIM:To investigate the effects of pioglitazone on the quantity and function-related factors of regu-latory and effector T cells ( Treg and Teff ) of uremic apolipoprotein E knockout mice in vitro with or without the stimulation of atherosclerotic plaque-specific antigen oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( oxLDL) .METHODS:Uremic apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model was established by 2-step surgical procedure.After intervention with different concentrations ( 2μmol/L and 20μmol/L) of pioglitazone and PPARγantagonist GW9662 (5μmol/L) on splenocytes of uremic mice for 12 h in the presence or absence of oxLDL (2 mg/L), the levels of CD4 +CD25 +Foxp3 +Treg and IFNγ+CD4 +Teff were de-termined by flow cytometry.The mRNA expressions of Foxp3 and IFNγwas detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.RESULTS:In vitro, oxLDL induced a Treg/Teff imbalance in splenocytes from the uremic mice.Pioglitazone up-regulated the level of Treg and mRNA expression of Foxp3 in the presence of oxLDL, which was not antagonized by GW9662.Meanwhile, pioglitazone downregulated the level of Teff and mRNA expression of IFNγin the presence or ab-sence of oxLDL, which was reversed by GW9662.CONCLUSION:oxLDL induces a Treg/Teff imbalance in uremic apo-lipoprotein E knockout mice.Pioglitazone modulates the Treg/Teff imbalance probably through PPARγ-independent and-dependent mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with ultrafiltration in treatment of kidney injury induced by serious hemorrhagic shock in rabbits.Methods Models of pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock was developed in 24 New Zealand white rabbits which were divided into unresuscitation group (n =8),ECMO combined with ultrafiltration group (combined resuscitation group,n =8),and fluid resuscitation group (n =8) according to the random number table.Heart rate was monitored via electrocardiograph and arterial pressure via fermoral artery catheter.Blood samples were collected pre-and post-shock and after resuscitation to measure levels of lactic acid,serum creatinine,IL-6,and TNF-α.Kidney samples were collected for measurement of histopathological changes via HE staining,expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) via immunohistochemical staining.Results Arterial pressure was (53.1 ± 11.4) mmHg in combined resuscitation group,higher than (41.3 ± 11.1) mmHg in fluid resuscitation group and (25.9 ± 10.5) mmHg in unresuscitation group (F =41.425,P ＜ 0.05).Hemorrhagic shock induced significant up-regulation of lactic acid,serum creatinine,IL-6,and TNF-α(P ＜ 0.05),but all were lowered after resuscitation,especially in combined resuscitation group (P ＜ 0.05).HE staining showed the degree of kidney tissue necrosis and inflammatory cytokine infiltration in combined resuscitation group alleviated notably compared with fluid resuscitation group.Median and interquartile values of HSP70 were 17 828.960 0 (15 779.865 0-21 751.980 0) in unresuscitation group,2 714.270 0 (1 339.215 0-7 616.950 0) in fluid resuscitation group,and 262.930 0 (198.820 0-538.195 0) in combine resuscitation group,with statistical differences among groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ECMO combined with ultrafiltration is superior to conventional fluid resuscitation in improving hypoxia tissue injury and inflammatory reaction after hemorrhagic shock and is beneficial to attenuating kidney injury.

Objective To investigate the relationship between apoptosis of bone marrow cells and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),Fas/FasL expression in children with aplastic anemia.Methods The concentration of TNF-? in supernatant of cultured bone marrow mononuclear cell(BMMC) was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of Fas/FasL,apoptosis ratio of bone marrow CD34+ cell were evaluated by flow cytometry.Results The concentration of TNF-? in supernatant of cultured BMMC in AA group[SAA (27.9?8.20) ng/L;CAA (23.6?6.78) ng/L] increased significantly compared with control group(t=3.432 P0.05).Apoptosis ratio of CD34+ cell in SAA group[(24.6?9.56)%] and CAA group[(20.9?7.32)%] significantly increased compared with control group(t=3.492,3.458 Pa0.05).The concentration of TNF-? was positively correlated with the expression of CD34+ Fas+ in all types AA children(r=0.542 P0.05).Conclusions TNF-? and Fas/FasL system can be involved in inducing CD34+ cell apoptosis.This may contribute to understanding the decreased number of stem cells and bone marrow failure.