AIM: To investigate the relationship between p21 WAF1gene polymorphisms and protein expression in breast carcinoma. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphisms technique (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemical assay of S-P immunostaining technique were used to study polymorphisms of p21 WAF1 and protein expression respectively on the specimen of paraffin-embedded tissues in 100 cases of breast carcinomas and 40 benign breast diseases as control. RESULTS: Two p21 WAF1 gene polymorphisms were found in 18% (18/100) of breast carcinomas and 5% (2/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (?2=3 94, P

Objective To evaluate the value of percutaneous transhepatic angioplasty in treatment of portal vein stenosis (PVS) after pediatric liver transplantation.Methods The data of 8 pediatric patients with PVS after liver transplantation were retrospectively evaluated.All cases were confirmed by portal vein angiography,and were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and/or percutaneous transluminal stent angioplasty.The effect of endovascular interventional therapy in 8 cases was analyzed.Results A total of 12 times of 8 patients received endovascular interventional therapy.The success rate was 66.67％ (8/12).The clinical success rate of the first treatment was 62.50％ (5/8).Three cases were treated with balloon dilation after the first balloon dilation,and there was no recurrence of PVS after operation in 2 cases.After the treatment of balloon dilation,stent angioplasty was performed in 1 case.There were no complications related to treatment in 8 cases.Conclusion Endovascular interventional treatment is a safe and effective way for PVS after pediatric liver transplantation.

Objective To detect molecular characterization of the promoter and 5′UTR region of ATP7B gene in Chinese children with Wilson disease (WD) and explore the distribution of polymorphisms and mutations in different ethnicity.Methods One hundred and ten patients with WD and 90 healthy children were enrolled into the study and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-single strand configuration polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequence analysis.Results 1.Five polymorphisms were identified as follows, -1294T→G,-105C→G,-116C→T ,-132delGCCGC and -75A→C(transcription start site as +1). The former three ones had never been reported before. The fourth one had not been reported either in China. 2.The polymorphism -132delGCCGC and -75A→C both exhibited with allelic frequency at above 70%, which was much higher than other races. The -132delGCCGC polymorphism shared almost complete linkage disequilibrium with the -75A→C polymorphism (in 98% patients) and their regularity was 96.9%.3. Almost all the polymorphisms distributed in flanking sequence of EXON 1 in Chinese. Race and geological distribution may be dominant factors of the variability of promoter and 5′UTR region of ATP7B gene.Conclusions Three novel polymorphisms and a linkage disequilibrium with the -132delGCCGC and -75A→C were identified in Chinese with WD. It also suggests that the mutation in the promoter of ATP7B is uncommon in Chinese patients.

Objective To explore the application value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment for refractoriness pneumonia in children.Methods Sixty-two cases of refractoriness pneumonia who had not been cured with normal anti-infective therapy for 2 weeks in Guiyang Children′s Hospital from Jun.2005 to Jun.2009 were selected.Fiberopic bronchoscopy Olympus BF-3C30 or BF-P40 examination was applied after routine local infiltration anesthesia to diagnose and local treat refractoriness pneumonia in 62 children.Results There were 27 cases(43%) of simple inflammation,20 cases(32%) of foreign bodies with concurrent infection,7 cases(11%) of dndobronchial tuberculosis,4 cases(6%) of dysplasia with concurrent infection,2 cases(3%) of bronchiectasis,and 2 cases(3%) of pulmonary hemosiderosis,among them,dysplasia were diagnosed on children under 1 year old,foreign bodies with infection on 1-3 years old,and tuberculosis and bronchiectasis on school age.Eleven cases(40%) of simple inflammation were identified various pathogen by bronchoalveolar la-vage fluid culture,mycoplasma PCR test and bronchial brushing and microscopic examination.Forty-seven cases of bronchi obstruction and stenosis caused by inflammation were irrigated and treated by drug and achieved satisfactory,among them,15 cases(79%) of pulmonary atelectasis were recovered with the treatment of fiberoptic bronchoscopy within 2 weeks,14 cases(70%) of foreign bodies were succeed in taking choked thing from bronchus with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.Conclusion The fiberoptic bronchoscopy play an important role in the etiological diagnosis and therapy of refractoriness pneumonia in children.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the parameters of urodynamic tests for patients with type-III B prostatitis and evaluate the significance of the results of urodynamic tests in the choice of therapies for this disease.

METHODSUrodynamic tests were performed for 87 type-III B prostatitis patients aged 22-45 (30.7 ± 8.5) years, who had moderate or severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and failed to respond to routine therapy. Different treatments were administered according to the results of urodynamic tests followed by observation of the therapeutic effects.

RESULTSUrodynamic abnormalities were found in 70 of the 87 patients, bladder outlet obstruction in 28 (32.2%), detrusor overactivity in 25 (28.7%), bladder hyperesthesia in 18 (20.7%), low compliance in 10 (11.5%), detrusor-external urethral sphincter dyssynergia in 1 (1.1%), and impaired detrusor contractile function in 1 (1.1%). Treatments achieved obvious effectiveness in 26 cases (29.9%), effectiveness in 51 (58.6%), and no effectiveness in 10 (11.5%).

CONCLUSIONUrodynamic tests contribute significantly to the choice of therapies for type-III B prostatitis patients with moderate or severe LUTS.

Adult ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatitis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urethra ; physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; physiopathology ; Urodynamics

Objective:Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and by which in turn promotes cardiomyocytes apoptosis is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of various cardiac diseases. Small heat shock protein 27(Hsp27) could protect different cells from oxidative damage. By using tissue nonspecific overexpression Hsp 27 transgenic model, other investigators demonstrated that Hsp27 suppressed successfully kainate-induced seizures and hippocampal cell death in intact transgenic mice, and attenuated mimic ischemia/reperfusion injury in Langendorff-perfused isolated mice heart. As there are complicated and long distance neuro-humoral regulation associated with the development of cardiac diseases, it is better to choose a cardiac-specific overexpression transgenic model to study the effects of Hsp27 in hearts in vivo.Methods:A cDNA encoding human Hsp27 was subcloned into pBSII-SK+ containing the ?-myosin heavy chain (?-MHC) promoter (generously provided by Dr. J. Robbins, Children’s Hospital of Cincinnati, Ohio). BamHI-digested linear transgene consistent with the ?-MHC promoter, Hsp27 cDNA, and poly (A) of human growth hormone (hGH) was microinjected into the fertilized eggs from CBA/BL6 mice. Mice containing the transgene were identified by polymerase chain reaction. Founders revealed by this screening were used to establish independent transgenic lines. Following successful transmission, a range of tissues including heart, lung, liver, brain, skeleton muscle, spleen and kidney was screened by Western blot to confirm the cardiac specific expression of the transgene. Results and Discussion:Transgenic mice expressed Hsp27 under the control of a-MHC promoter. Cardiac tissues from independent TG line expressed abundant Hsp27, and as expected, Hsp27 expressed in cardiac tissues only, whereas none in liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and skeleton muscle. Surprisingly, Hsp25, the endogenous isoform of Hsp27 in murine, was downregulated by Hsp27 overexpression (data not shown), which is in contrast to the result of Hollander’s [1]. It needs to determine in future whether Hsp27 expression profile in heart could exert any effect on the regulation of Hsp25.Conclusion: The TG mice overexpression human Hsp27 specifically in the heart by using ?MHC- promotor were created. All TG mice expressed Hsp27 abundantly and cardiac-specifically. To our knowledge, it is the first report of creation of transgenic mice which overexpressing Hsp27 cardiac specifically. This current model suggests that the Hsp27 cardiac-specific over-expression of transgenic mouse remains a robust genetic tool for dissecting molecular and genetic events involving Hsp27, which could be a therapeutic target in heart failure.

In this study, plate transparent circle by Davis method was introduce firstly screening ?-Rhamnosidase high-yield strain. The spore-sprouted Aspergillus niger 8-hour were mutagenized by ethyl methane sulphonate and pre-screened via transparent circle. 11% mutants yield 40% higher of ?-rhamnosidase than the original strain. A high-yield strain, T-226 with the highest ?-rhamnosidase activity of 373.4 U/mL was finally selected from these potential high-yield mutants after rescreened by shake flask fermentation twice. When the T-226 strain was fermented in 5 L bioreactor, the enzyme activity could reach to 631.9 U/mL after 84 h. Thus, the established screening method is highly efficient to isolate ?-rhamnosidase high-yield mutant of A. niger.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and risk factors of patient with Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods Patients with Wegener's granulomatosis admitted to our hospital in the past 11 years were retrospectively analyzed.Comparisons between groups were performed by t tests or Fisher test.ResultsPulmonary infection occurred in 27 cases with an incidence rate of 29％.Twenty-six percent of pulmonary infections occurred at the initial diagnosis,and 44％ occurred within 6 months,while 30％ occurred later than 6 months.The clinical manifestations of pulmonary infection were productive cough (89％),hemoptysis (63％),fever and fatigue (56％),chest pain and pactoralgia (33％).The most common causative pathogen were bacteria(59％ ),fungi(37％ ),and tubercle bacillus(37％ ).Sinus infection(P=0.01),hypoproteinemia(P=0.03),hypoimmunoglobulinemia (P=0.007),and methylprednisolone pulse therapy(P=0.002) were the risk factors for pulmonary infection.ConclusionThe occurrence of Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection is high within 6 months.The most common clinical manifestation is productive cough.The most common causative pathogens are bacteria,tubercle bacillus and fungi.Sinus infection,hypoproteinemia,hypoimmunoglobulinemia,and methylprednisolone pulse therapy are risk factors of pulmonary infection.

Objective To study CT-guided localization of additional pulmonary nodules with microcoils prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) resection in patients with suspected lung cancer.Methods Eleven patients suspected lung cancer underwent preoperative microcoils localization towards additional small pulmonary nodules.The head of microcoil was pinpointed adjacent to the target nodule while its end tail remained above the visceral pleura.VATS were performed within 24 hours, and comprehensive assessments were conducted according to surgical and pathological outcomes of primary and additional lesions, and suitable surgical processes were followed.Results All 11 localizing pulmonary nodules (4-15 mm in diameter) were successfully removed after VATS, 9 microcoils'' end tails of which were placed above visceral pleural surface.There were no serious complications related with localizing procedure.Other 16 lesions including 11 primary ones were resected.The surgical and pathological outcomes for lung lesions were utterly assessed.Conclusion Microcoil preoperative localization provides helpful orientation for complete resection and assessment of multiple pulmonary lesions in patients with suspected lung cancer.