OBJECTIVE: To investigate the stability of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside. METHODS: The chromatographic purity of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside and its solution in different condition was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The degradation products of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside in its solvent were identified by LC-MS. Three degradation products in the solvent of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside were identified with applying electrospray ionization(ESI) source in the positive ion mode.RESULTS: ① Baicalein-7-O-diglucoside was stable with light and in 40, 80 and 105 ℃ within the inspection time in solid state. ②Baicalein-7-O-diglucoside in water was stable in room temperature and degrades quickly in 50%methanol and 50% ethanol. ③The degradation products of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside in solvent were 7-methoxy baicalein, 7-ethoxy baicalein and baicalein. The above research provides that baicalein-7-O-diglucoside is stable in solid state. Baicalein-7-O-diglucoside degrades in 50% methanol and 50% ethanol. CONCLUSION: Water should be used as the solvent for solution of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside. The solution of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside should be made up before use or stored in the refrigerator immediately after preparation.

Calculus Bovis is the dry gall-stone of Bos taurus domesticus Gmelin, which is the most precious traditional Chinese medicine for its incomparable therapeutic effects. In vitro cultured Calculus Bovis,cultured Calculus Bovis and artificial Calculus Bovis are developed as the substitutes of Calculus Bovis. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition includes 89 Chinese patent drugs containing cow-bezoar and its substitutes. In this paper, the standards of Calculus Bovis and its substitutes in 89 Chinese patent drugs were reviewed to provide suggestions and reference for improving the relative standards. The qualities of Calculus Bovis and its substitutes of several Chinese patent drugs were summarized and analyzed based on the quality research of these drugs in recent years to offer suggestions for the revision of quality standards of relevant drugs and regulatory policy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality status of Sanqi Shangyao tablets. METHODS: Based on the results of statutory inspection and exploratory research, the quality evaluation regarding authenticity, effectiveness, and safety, was carried out. RESULTS: The qualified rate of inspection was 98.8%. Some problems, such as inconsistency of preparation process of standards and illegal dying, were discovered in some samples. CONCLUSION: In general, the overall quality of Sanqi Shangyao tablets is good. Some deficiency in the quality standards deserves further concern.

OBJECTIVE: To study nucleosides in Safflower injection. METHODS: Nucleosides in Safflower injection were identified by LC-MS. The separation was performed on Phenomenex Gemini-C18 column. Gradient elution was carried out with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.05% trifluoroacetic acid. Electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Four nucleosides in Safflower injection were simultaneously determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column. The mobile phase was 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1. The assay was carried out at 40 °C with detection at 260 nm. RESULTS: Adenosine, guanosine, uridine and cytidine in safflower injection were identified. The relationship between the injection quality and the peak areas of the four nucleosides was all linear. The average recoveries (n=6) were in the range of 99.0%-101.4% and the RSDS were all less than 1.5%. The contents of the four nucleosides in tested samples were in the field of 0.033-0.162, 0.008-0.052, 0.048-0.184 and 0.031-0.064 mg·mL-1. CONCLUSION: There are four nucleosides in safflower injection. The contents of adenosine and uridine are relatively high. There was significant difference in the contents of the tested samples.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles ; genetics

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Wilms Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To assess the long-term effects of pacing in patients with hypertrophic obstructive eardiomyopathy(HOCM),and explore the most specific echocardiographic indexes.MethodsA total of 37 consecutive HOCM patients implanted dual-chamber pacemakers were enrolled and followed up.Thirty-seven cases were followed up for 1 year,26 cases were followed up for 2 years,and 10 cases were followed up for 3 years.After 1,2 and 3 years pacemaker implantation,pacing frequency,pacing threshold,impedance,atrioventricular delay and cumulative percent atrial and ventricular pacing were respectively tested,and left atrial dimension (LAD),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd),left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPW),interventricular septum thickness (IVS),left ventricular outflow tract diameter(LVOTd),left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient (LVOTPG),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) were measured and mitral valve systolic anterior motion(SAM) was observed.Pacing parameters and echocardiography indexes were dynamically compared before and after pacemaker implantation.ResultsPacing frequency was adjusted 60～70 bpm,atrioventricular delay was adjusted 90～ 180 ms,in order to achieve more than 95％ ventricular pacing,pacing threshold,pacing impedance were normal.The difference of various pacing parameters were no statistically significant within 3 years ( P ＞ 0.05).Compared with before pacing,after 1,2 and 3 years pacemaker implantation,IVS and LVOTPG declined significantly (P ＜ 0.01 ),LVOTd widened significantly ( P ＜0.01),SAM phenomenon improved obviously ( P ＜0.01 ),but the difference of LAD,LVEDd,LVPW,LVEF,PASP were no statistically significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions The heart structure reconstruction of patients with HOCM can been chronically improved by dual-chamber pacing treatment.IVS,LVOTd and LVOTPG can be used as the sensitive and specific indexes to evaluate pacing treatment.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Common Bile Duct ; pathology ; surgery ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Duodenum ; pathology ; surgery ; Gallbladder ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stomach ; pathology ; surgery ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; pathology ; Orbital Neoplasms ; pathology