Oroxylum indicum was a traditional Chinese medicine. In order to study the chemical constituents from the seed of O. indicum, the chemical constituents of 80% methanol extract of seeds of O. indicum were subjected to chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC, leading to the isolation of eleven compounds. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data as oroxin B (1), chrysin (2), baicalein (3), neglectein (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopy ranoside (5), quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 2α,3β-dihydroxylluPeol (7), lupeol (8), rengyol (9), β-sitostero (10), and stigmasterol (11). Among them, compound 5 were firstly obtained from O. indicum.
Bignoniaceae ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Seeds ; chemistry

The paper takes the continuous nursing after fistulization in West China Hospital of Sichuan University as an example to analyze application situation and demand of the mobile medical APP,explains design principle,technology roadmap,function implementation,application mode and effect of the APP,points out that the application of the APP is able to improve service quality and enhance patient satisfaction.

Objective To explore the association of chemokines and their receptors with immunologi- cal abnormality in newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients.Methods The serum con- centration of MIP-1?,MIP-1?,RANTES,IFN-?IL-4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) in 37 newly diagnosed.SLE patients and 20 normal controls.The expression rate of CCR1, CCR3,CCR5 on CD4~+T cells were detected by flow cytometry in 18 SLE patients and 10 normal controls.Re- suits Serum MIP-1?,MIP-1?concentrations were significantly higher in SLE patients than in normal control group (P＜0.01),the concentration of MIP-1?positively correlated with MIP-1?(r=0.609,P＜0.01);the per- centage of CD4~+CCR1~+ and CD4~+CCR5~+ cell were significantly lower in newly diagnosed SLE patients than in normal control group (both P＜0.01),the percentage of CD4~+CCRI~+ cells correlated negatively with the level of serum MIP-1?and IFN-?r=-0.525,P=-0.017;r=-0.442,P=0.045);the percentage of CD4~+CCR5~+ cell corre- lated negatively with the level of serum IFN-?(r=-0.645,P=0.001);the ratios of CD4~+CCR3~+/CD4~+CCR5~+ was significantly higher in newly diagnosed SLE patients than in the normal control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Abnormal change and interaction of chemokines and their receptors with cytokines lead to immunologic dys- function and may participate in the initiation of SLE.

Kidney injury and decreased chemosensitivity of tumor cells are obstacles with cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy. Down-regulation of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) is a key means to alleviate CDDP-induced kidney injury and increase chemosensitivity. Astragaloside IV (AS IV) is obtained from the well-known traditional Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus. This study explored the role of AS IV in preventing kidney injury and enhancing the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing OCT2 expression in kidney and MRP2 in tumors. This project was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Jilin University. The effects of AS IV on CDDP inhibition of tumor growth and promotion of apoptosis were assessed in Lewis lung tumor (LLC)-bearing mice by H&E and TUNEL staining. Kidney injury was assessed by serum biochemical parameters and H&E staining. We used Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays to detect OCT2 and MRP2 expression in kidney and tumor. The concentration of CDDP in kidney and tumor was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. AS IV enhanced CDDP chemosensitivity by increasing tumor cell apoptosis and slowing tumor growth, and decreased kidney injury as evidenced by lower blood creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Co-administration of AS IV suppressed MRP2 overexpression induced by CDDP in tumor tissues and may be an important mechanism for enhancing CDDP chemosensitivity. Moreover, AS IV reduced CDDP-induced kidney injury in mice along with suppression of OCT2 expression in kidney. The concentration of CDDP was increased in tumor but decreased in kidney. In total, AS IV not only enhanced the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing MRP2 expression in tumor cells, but also decreased kidney injury induced by CDDP. The results provide new insight into the combined use of a chemotherapy drug and natural ingredients to treat cancer.

Objective To explore the protective effects of diazoxide on injury of human renal tubular cell(HK-2)induced by serum obtained from neonates with asphyxia.Methods HK-2 cells was used as the target cel1.The attacking concentration of serum obtained from neonates with asphyxia was 200 mL/L.The experiment was designed as 3 groups.HK-2 cells were divided into control group,asphyxia group,and diazoxide group.Control group:joined nutrient fluid including 100 mL/L embryo cow blood serum.Asphyxia group:joined nutrient fluid including the isometric 200 mL/L serum obtained from neonates with asphyxia.Diazoxide group:the diazoxide was joined nutrient including the isometric 200 mL/L serum obtained from neonates with asphyxia fluid.The diazoxide density finally was 100 ?mol/L.Then the change of morphology was observed and photographed under inverted microscope,and the cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method,and the leakage rate oflactate dehydrogenase(LDH)was determined by biochemical methods.Results Under inverted microscopy,HK-2 cells in control group pastes the wall to be good,assumes the paving stone type,into flat polygon,fission many,the cell arrangement was close,connection large expanse,quantity were many.Compared with control group,the HK-2 cell to suffer injury obviously,the shape changed,become the anomalous circular or the ellipse by the model flat polygonal cell,the intercellular space crevice enlarged,the connection was loose,intercellular space obviously many cell fragmented.Living cell quantity reduced obviously,the cell vigor dropped,and the leakage rate of LDH increased significantly in asphyxia group(P

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have been reported to improve wound healing. However, type I collagen secreted by ADMSCs will contribute to scar formation. Therefore, inhibiting type I collagen secretion from ADMSCs will strengthen its clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3on secretion of type I collagen by ADMSCs and its mechanism. METHODS: Human ADMSCs were isolated by collagenase digestion, and identified by flow cytometry. ADMSCs at passage 4 were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing different concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3(10-7, 10-8, 10-9, 10-10and 0 mol/L) respectively for 4 days. Then, the concentration of type I collagen in cell supernatant was measured by ELISA. Real-time PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of Smad3 at mRNA and protein levels and phosphorylated protein Smad3 level in ADMSCs cultured with and without 1,25(OH)2D3. To analyze the contribution of Smad3 to the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3, Smad3 inhibitor was added to culture medium 30 minutes before adding 1,25(OH)2D3, and type I collagen in cell supernatant was detected by ELISA at 4 days after addition of SMAD3 inhibitor. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1,25(OH)2D3inhibited the secretion of type I collagen by ADMSCs in a dose-dependent manner. The results of real-time PCR and western blot showed that the expression of Smad3 was upregulated by 1,25(OH)2D3, and the results of western blot showed that the phosphorylated Smad3 protein level in ADMSCs was significantly increased by 1,25(OH)2D3. Moreover, the inhibition of type I collagen secretion by 1,25(OH)2D3could be blocked by Smad3 inhibitor. These results indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3can inhibit the secretion of type I collagen from ADMSCs by up-regulating the expression of Smad3.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the plasma lipid levels in a national representative sample of subjects and to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the Chinese population.

METHODSPlasma lipid profile was analyzed using the data obtained during the Chinese national nutrition and health survey (CNHS) in 2002 which involved 14 252 participants at the age of 18 years or older.

RESULTSThe mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the participants were 3.81 mmol/L, 1.10 mmol/L, and 1.30 mmol/L, respectively. In the groups of participants at the age of 18-44 years, 45-59 years, and over 60 years the mean TC level was 3.70 mmol/L, 4.09 mmol/L and 4.21 mmol/L, respectively, and the mean TG level was 07 mmol/L, 1.21 mmol/L, 1.20 mmol/L, 1.29 mmol/L, 1.33 mmol/L, and 1.33 mmol/L, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults was 18.6% and 22.2% in males and 15.9% in females. Dyslipidemia prevalence was higher in urban districts than in rural areas (21.0% vs. 17.7%). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL cholesterol was 2.9%, 11.9%, and 7.4% respectively among the participants.

CONCLUSIONDyslipidemia has become one of the important health risk factors in the Chinese population. There is no significantly difference in the prevalence of dyslipidemia between the groups of participants at the age of 45-59 years and over 60 years. This study provides important lipid profile data for policy making and guideline development for the prevention of dyslipidemia in the Chinese population.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; blood ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; classification ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo study the difference in prevalence of dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between the residents of urban and rural areas of varied regions in China.

METHODSFasting plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-C were determined with the enzyme methods for 49,252 subjects aged 18 and over during August to December, 2002.

RESULTSPrevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults aged 18 and over was 18.6%, with 17.0%, 22.9% and 23.4% in the groups of 18-44, 45-59 and over 60 years old, respectively, 22.2% and 15.9% in males and females, respectively, and 21.0% and 17.7% in urban and rural areas, respectively. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low blood HDL-C in those aged 18 and over was 2.9%, 11.9% and 7.4%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSDyslipidemia has become one of important risk factors threatening health of Chinese people, with hypertriglyceridemia and low blood HDL-C as two major types in those aged 18 and over. Prevalence of dyslipidemia was nearly the same in the middle-aged and in the elderly people, and not significantly different in those living in urban areas from those in rural areas. It is very important to pay more attention to earlier comprehensive prevention and control of dyslipidemia.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Dyslipidemias ; blood ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; blood ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of prevalence on hypercholesterolemia and borderline high cholesterol of Chinese residents aged 20 years and above.

METHODSTo detect the total fasting plasma cholesterol in 48 299 subjects among 20 year-olds and above.

RESULTSWithin a certain age range, the prevalence of both hypercholesterolemia and borderline high cholesterol increased with age, but there was a decreasing trend after 60-years of age in some regions. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia increased to 12.53% in over 70 year-olds group from 1.36% in urban 20-year-olds, and increased to 5.15% from 60-year-olds group comparing to 0.98% of the 20-year-old group in rural areas. When comparing to the 20-year-old age group, the prevalence of borderline high cholesterol of the 70 age group in urban and rural increased by 4.4 and 4.2 times, respectively. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in each age group in urban were higher than that of in rural areas. In Rural I, it was higher than that of in Rural II , Rural III and Rural IV. The prevalence rates of both hypercholesterolemia and borderline high cholesterol of the males in the less than 50 year-olds group were higher than that in females, which was quite different from the group older than 50 years of age. As to borderline high cholesterol, similar result was also noticed.

CONCLUSIONWithin a certain age range, there was a trend that the prevalence of both hypercholesterolemia and borderline high cholesterol increased with age and related to regions which were classified by economic status. A distinct difference between males and females also existed.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effects of Jiedu granules, a Chinese medicine (CM) compound, plus cinobufacini injection, which was extracted from skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor, to prevent the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection.

METHODSIn this case-control trial, a total of 120 patients who stayed in Changhai Hospital were enrolled from December 2001 to December 2006. Sixty patients were treated with Jiedu granules plus cinobufacini injection to prevent tumor recurrence after operation (CM group) and 60 patients were treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) after operation (TACE group). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were determined to evaluate the therapeutic effects of post-operative management of patients with HCC.

RESULTSPFS in the CM group was 18.07 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.49-23.65] and the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year PFS rates were 61%, 39%, 26%, 22% and 12%, respectively. PFS in the TACE group was 8.03 months (95% CI: 6.63-9.44) and the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year PFS rates were 34%, 11%, 7%, 2% and 0%, respectively. There was significant difference in survival rate between the two groups (P<0.01). The mean survival time (MST) of patients in the CM group was 49.53 months versus 39.90 months of the TACE group. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year survival rates were 90%, 82%, 80%, 70% and 63%, respectively, in the CM group, and 79%, 70%, 60%, 60% and 36%, respectively, in the TACE group. There was significant difference in survival time between the two groups (P=0.045).

CONCLUSIONSJiedu granules plus cinobufacini injection, a combination that is commonly used for post-operation management of HCC, can postpone tumor recurrence and metastasis, prolong the survival time and increase the survival rate of post-surgical patients with HCC. However, these findings need to be confirmed in a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amphibian Venoms ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; mortality ; surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intra-Arterial ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult