Objective To investigate the present status of casualty epidemiology in Zhengzhou and the effects of different trauma care model.Method Statistic study of the classification of emergency disease and the number of ambulance responses to the call in Zhengzhou emergency rescue center from January,2004 through December 2006 was carried out and the efficiency between the trauma care model of an inclusive emergency rescue survices station and that of a simple emergency survices station was analyzed.Results The percentage of ambulance departure responses by Zbengzhou emergency rescue center for trauma care was 45.3 %,44.7 % and 45.8% of in 2004,2005 and 2006,respectively.There were 26 emergency rescue service stationa in Zhengzhou, including one independent station,eight internal medicine dominated semi-independent stations and seventeen simple model stations.The indicated surgical intervention can lye performed on the patients with severe multi- trauma in the independent emergency station in order to win the optimal operation time and reduce the mortality. Conclusions The trauma is the major reason for the emergency call.Emergency rescue service stations properly distrihtted,can offer quick and efficient pro-hospital first aid.The independent emergency rescue service station can increase successful resuscitation rate of serious casualties.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects ot Guben Yiliu II (GY II) combined with arterial perfusion with chemotherapeutic agent on advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).

METHODSSixty-five APC patients were randomly assigned to the treated group (35 cases) given GY II and arterial perfusion with chemotherapeutic agent and the control group (30 cases) with chemotherapeutic agent alone.

RESULTSThe clinical beneficial rate was 54.2% in the treated group and 40.0% in the control group, with significant difference between them (P < 0.05), the overall effective rate being 17.1% and 13.3%, and the effective rate in relieving pain being 64.5% and 59.2% in the treated and the control group respectively, all showed insignificant difference between groups (P > 0.05). Furthermore, in the treated group after treatment, the blood hypercoagulation state ameliorated, cellular immunity elevated, the toxic and side- effects of chemical medicine relieved, and the quality of life improved.

CONCLUSIONGY II is effective in enhancing clinical effects and relieving toxic and side-effects of chemotherapy, and so, better efficacy could be obtained by therapy of GY II and arterial perfusion with chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of APC.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

It was estimated that about 428 species of genus Corydalis are distributed all worldwide, with about 298, especially 10 groups and 219 species being uniquely spread in China. The genus Corydalis have been widely employed as folk medicines in China, especially as traditional Tibetan medicines, for treatment of fever, hepatitis, edema, gastritis, cholecystitis, hypertension and other diseases. The phytochemical studies revealed that isoquinoline alkaloids are its major bioactive ingredients. The extensive biological researches suggested its pharmacological activities and clinic applications against cardiovascular diseases and central nervous system, antibacterial activities, analgesic effects, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-injury for hepatocyte, and so on. As an effort in promoting the research of pharmacodynamic ingredients, this article presents an overview focusing on the distribution, phytochemical and pharmacological results of Corydalis species that have been applied in traditional Tibetan medicinal, hopefully to provide a reference for the new Tibetan medicine development from Corydalis plant resource.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Corydalis ; chemistry ; classification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Phytotherapy

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of different penetration enhancers on the transcutaneous permeability of lappaconitine gel in vitro and therefore to screen out the effective accelerator to enhance the permeation rate of lappaconitine.

METHODUsing improved Franz-type diffusion cell and excised big mouse skin in vitro as transdermal barrier, the kinetics parameters such as cumulative permeation quantity, permeation rate and permeation lagged time were determined by HPLC. The enhancement ability of four different enhancers such as azone (Azone), propylene glycol (PG), oleic acid (OA) and lauryl alcohol (LA), was investigated when used either uniquely or combinatively each other at random.

RESULTWhen used combinatively, Azone + PG, LA + PG, OA + PG can enhance the cumulative permeation quantity, OA + PG was the best one among them.

CONCLUSIONThe selection of the best penetration enhancers provided reference for lappaconitine transdermal delivery.

Aconitine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Administration, Cutaneous ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Azepines ; pharmacology ; Dodecanol ; pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Synergism ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Oleic Acid ; pharmacology ; Propylene Glycol ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of dental erosion and associated drinks in 12-year-old adolescence of Beijing.

METHODSA random sample of 12-year-old adolescence of Beijing (n=844) was examined for dental erosion and required to fill a questionnaire of acidic drink intake. The grade criteria suitable for the survey of the dental erosion was used in the study.

RESULTSThe prevalence of dental erosion was 61.8%, of which mild enamel was 74.1%, severe enamel erosion 24.9% and dentine erosion 1.0%. Statistic analysis showed that a large amount of intake of carbonated drink or juice were risk factors.

CONCLUSIONSAttention should be paid to the prevalence of dental erosion among Chinese adolescence.

Carbonated Beverages ; adverse effects ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Tooth Erosion ; epidemiology

BACKGROUNDIt is still a challenge for the cardiac surgeons to achieve adequate revascularization for diffused coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary endarterectomy (CE) offers an alternative choice of coronary artery reconstruction and revascularization. In this study, short-term result of CE combined with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) was discussed in the treatment for the diffused CAD.

METHODSFrom January 2012 to April 2014, 221 cases of CABG were performed by the same surgeon in our unit. Among these cases, 38 cases of CE + CABG were performed, which was about 17.2% (38/221) of the cohort. All these patients were divided into two groups: CE + CABG group (Group A) and CABG alone group (Group B). All clinical data were compared between the two groups, and postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. The categorical and continuous variables were analyzed by Chi-square test and Student's t-test respectively.

RESULTSDiabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and peripheral vascular disease were more common in group A. In this cohort, a total of 50 vessels were endarterectomized. Among them, CE was performed on left anterior descending artery in 11 cases, on right coronary artery in 29 cases, on diagonal artery in 3 cases, on intermediate artery in 2 cases, on obtuse marginal artery in 5 cases. There was no hospital mortality in both groups. The intro-aortic balloon pump was required in 3 cases in Group A (3/38), which was more often than that in Group B (3/183). At the time of follow-up, coronary computed tomography angiogram showed all the grafts with CE were patent (50/50). There is no cardio-related mortality in both groups. All these patients were free from coronary re-intervention.

CONCLUSIONSCoronary endarterectomy + CABG can offer satisfactory result for patients with diffused CAD in a short-term after the operation.

Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; methods ; Coronary Artery Disease ; surgery ; Endarterectomy ; methods ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDRepair of anterior mitral leaflet (AML) prolapse is still a technical challenge for cardiac surgeons. It is an important issue to find a way to repair the AML prolapse with a reliable and reproducible technique.

METHODSBetween January 2002 and June 2009, the operation of chordal transfer based on the "edge-to-edge" technique was performed in 21 patients with serious mitral valve regurgitation because of prolapse of the anterior leaflet. After the operation, echocardiography was performed in each patient before discharge and at the time of follow-up.

RESULTSAll patients survived the operation. One patient required mitral valve replacement because of anterior leaflet perforation 3 days after the operation. The other patients were free from reoperation. At the time of follow-up, all these patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I. In all these patients, pre-discharge and follow-up echocardiography showed neither stenosis nor significant regurgitation of the mitral valve: the cross-sectional area of the mitral valve was 3.3 - 4.8 cm(2) (mean (3.78 ± 0.52) cm(2)), the mean regurgitation area was (0.45 ± 0.22) cm(2). At the same time, both dimension of left atrium and left ventricle reduced significantly (left atrium diameter: pre-operation (48.26 ± 11.12) mm, post-operation (37.57 ± 9.56) mm, P < 0.05; the end-diastolic diameter of the left ventricle: pre-operation (61.43 ± 8.24) mm, post-operation (42.35 ± 10.79) mm, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION"Edge-to-edge" chordal transfer technique is a simple, reliable, and reproducible technique that can provide good results for repair of anterior leaflet prolapse of mitral valve.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chordae Tendineae ; surgery ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve ; surgery ; Mitral Valve Prolapse ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Suture Techniques

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the influence of the surveillance system and preventive measurements on the control of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in a university in Guangdong Province.

METHODSA university with more than thirty thousand undergraduates, staff and their relatives was retrospectively studied, from which information regarding the status of epidemic, organization of leadership, disease control strategies and measures were collected and analyzed.

RESULTSThe construction of the surveillance system in such a model as "individual-dormitory/home-class/unite-faculty and institute-university" largely contributed to the achievement of the goals of low incidence, no secondary, no epidemic, and no death. A series of control measures benefited the early diagnosis, effective isolation, prevention, and treatment of SARS control.

CONCLUSIONSARS could be effectively controlled in university only if strict surveillance system is built up, and all-round preventions, including early isolation of both confirmed or suspected cases and close contacted persons, are carried out.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Communicable Disease Control ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Universities

Objective To clarify the depression status of empty-nest elderly in Shanxi Province, to explore the related influencing factors by structural equation model, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of depression for empty nesters. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 4 901 empty-nest elderly in Shanxi Province by self-rating depression scale and general situation questionnaire, and the model was established. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among empty nesters in Shanxi Province was 64.21%. The model demonstrated that health status had a direct impact on depressive symptoms (P=0.028), the total effect was -0.978; the effect of economic status on depressive symptoms was 0.086 (P=0.030), and social function had no significant impact on depressive symptoms (P=0.173), which could affect depressive symptoms through affecting health status and economic status. There was a significant correlation between the three latent variables (P<0.05). Health status had the strongest correlation with social function (r=0.942), followed by economic status (r=0.718), and the correlation between social function and economic status was 0.683. Conclusions In this research, most of the empty-nest elderly suffer from depressive symptoms. Health status is the most direct and important influencing factor of depressive symptoms in empty nesters. Social function affects depressive symptoms through influencing health status and economic status.

Objective To analyze the stage characteristics in the exercise behavior improvement of college students and explore the role of Process in the exercise behavior change based on the transtheoretical model, providing basis for the stage-matched intervention for the exercise behavior of college students. Methods There were 932 students who completed the questionnaires, from 5 universities in Shanxi Province were selected by using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the exercise behavior of college students. Variance analysis and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the difference of the process of with stage of change among college students’ physical exercise. Multivariate variance analysis was used to analyze how personal characteristics affect process of change. Results Among all participants, 89.4% students knew the importance of physical exercise, and 29.4% students were satisfied with their physical exercise condition. The distribution of students’ physical exercise stage showed an inverted U-shape with left-side peak, and there was a significant difference between gender( 2=54.657, P<0.001). There were significant stage characteristics in the process of students' exercise behavior, gender had a significant main effects on mutual aid relation(F=7.400, P=0.07)and conscious control (F=7.778, P=0.005), gender and grade had interaction effects on social release (F=3.614, P=0.013). Conclusions The college students' exercise behavior showed the characteristics of “knowing but not to do”, which conformed to the Transtheoretical model. It is essential to develop targeted phased exercise intervention strategies according to the relationship between change of phase and change of procedure.