Objective To identify Caulis Piperis Kadsurae and its adulterants. Methods Identification of Caulis Piperis Kadsurae and its adulterants was carried out by comparing its characteristic,microscopic,TLC and UV Spectra. Results There were many differences between Caulis Piperis Kadsurae and its adulterants. Conclusion The methods reported in the article could identify Caulis Piperis Kadsureae well..

Objective To analyze the efficacy of electric sacral neuromdulation and resiniferatoxin in patients with female overactive bladder.Methods 32 cases with IOAB female patients accepted percutaneous test sitmulation of the electric sacral nerves at S3 ,and treated by intravesical instillation with 100ml of 100nmol/L RTX.The effica- cy of voiding status were evaluated.The improvement of female patients life were evaluated comparing the rating of depression and anxiety.Results There were significant improvements in 32 cases in variables included the number of voiding,volume voided and signs every day and urgent uresis.In the rating of depression and anxiety,the patients improved a litter and still had stimulating symptom in urethra and bladder.Conclusion The treatment of IOAB with single administratoon of electric sacral neuromdulation and resiniferatoxin is effective,and can successfully im- prove the symptom with little side effects.

italic>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can cause a variety of digestive tract diseases, the serious may develop into gastric cancer. Nowadays, H. pylori infection rate exceeds 50%, and its eradication rate is declining due to the continuous increase of drug resistance, leading to the occurrence of plenty of stubborn infections, which seriously threaten human health. At present, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory curative effect by increasing the types of antibiotics combination or increasing their dose. In this review, the clinical treatments of H. pylori were introduced. Proceed from the characteristics and pathological background of H. pylori infection that makes H. pylori difficult to eradicate, the research advances of drug delivery strategies for improving H. pylori eradication rate were reviewed, such as strategies that could increase drug concentration in stomach (e.g. drug delivery systems with gastric acid-stabilized ability), increase drug concentration in H. pylori colonization sites (e.g. drug delivery systems with gastric retention or H. pylori targeted abilities), overcome H. pylori resistance (metal nanoparticles, anti-biofilm delivery systems), enhance host immune response (vaccine preparation) and so on. Novel drug delivery systems, such as cell membrane coating technology and phage therapy, are comparatively rare in the field of anti-H. pylori, but have broad application prospects. This review would provide reference for the development and application of therapeutic strategies to improve H. pylori eradication rate.

Objective To investigate the effect ofhyperventilation on cerebral blood flow,brain metabolism and cerebral perfusion in patients with traumatic brain injury by end tidal pressure of CO2 (PETCO2) monitoring.Methods Seventy patients with traumatic brain injury,admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to June 2012 and performed decompressive craniectomy,were chosen in our study; they were randomly divided into group A and group B (n=35); patients in the group A accepted PETCO2 within 20-25 mm Hg and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) within 22-25 mm Hg,and patients in the group B received PETCO2 within 25-30 mm Hg and PaCO2 within 30-45 mm Hg.The blood gas pressure,mean artery pressure,cerebral oxygen partial pressure,cerebral perfusion pressure,cerebral oxygen supply and demand balance,and changes of neuron specific enolase (NSE),glucose and lactic acid were compared between the two groups at the beginning of craniectomy.Results The PaCO2 level,mean artery pressure,intracranial pressure,and levels of NSE,glucose and lactic acid in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P＜0.05); while the brain oxygen partial pressure,cerebral perfusion pressure,arterial oxygen content (CaO2),venous oxygen content (CjvO2) and cerebral oxygen uptake rate (CERO2) showed no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion PETCO2 controlling within 20-25 mm Hg can effectively maintain the cerebral blood perfusion and cerebral oxygen supply and demand balance of the patients; it can also reduce the pathological metabolite effect on the brain tissue; therefore,its clinical value is worthy for attention.

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound-guided liver biopsy for infantile hepatitis syndrome regarding diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.Methods Fifty children with infantile hepatitis syndrome hospitalized in Guiyang Maternal and Child Hospital during Aug.2010 to May 2012 were involved in this study.Ultrasoundguided liver biopsies were performed to evaluate the inflammation grade and fibrosis stage.Immunohistochemical staining was used for pathogen diagnosis.The clinical outcomes were followed-up.Results Thirty-four cases (68％)were CMV infection,6 cases(12％) were vanishing bile duct syndrome,4 cases(8％) were chronic intrauterine infection,4 cases(8％) were congenital anomaly of bilirubin metabolism,and 2 cases (4％) were obstructive cholangitis.All 50 cases showed mild inflammation at portal area(G1-G2 grade).All 50 cases exhibited liver fibrosis.Sixteen cases were S1 stage,20 cases were S2 stage,8 cases were S3 stage and 6 cases were S4 stage.Pathogen analysis:all 50 cases showed intrahepatic cholestasis:38 cases were diffuse cholestasis,and 12 cases were moderate cholestasis.Treatment:all cases were treated using 2-week heteropathy; antivirus was used for CMV infected cases,thus 39 cases were finally cured,9 cases were relieved,and 2 cases were ineffective.Conclusion Liver biopsy is valuable for diagnosis,treatment and prognosis infantile hepatitis syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo describe the status of nutrition and health related indices in the Chinese population.

METHODSA stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. The survey was done in 2002, including data gathered from questionnaires, interviews, physical examinations, measurement of biochemical indices, and dietary investigation.

RESULTSCereals accounted for 48.5% of all the sources of energy in urban and 61.4% in rural populations. Daily mean percentages of calories for total fat were 35.0% in urban and 27.5% in rural areas. The prevalence rates of stunting and underweight were 14.3% and 7.8% respectively in young children under 5-year-old. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was 9.3% in Chinese children aged 3-12 years old. The total prevalence of anemia was 15.2% in general population of all ages. The prevalence of anemia in young adults was significantly higher in women than in men. The total prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 17.6% and 5.6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, or low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol were 18.8%, 2.6%, 2.9%, 11.9%, 7.4% respectively in Chinese adults aged 18 and over. The rates of awareness, treatment, and under control among hypertensives were 30.2%, 24.7%, and 25.0%, respectively. Significant regional and age differences were revealed in the dietary habit and the prevalence of various diseases. The prevalence of diseases associated with malnutrition were higher in rural than in urban areas. In contrast, the prevalence of conditions associated with overconsumption and inappropriate dietary patterns were higher in urban than in rural populations.

CONCLUSIONChinese people were currently suffering from both problems on nutrition related issues and burdens of diseases which were characterized in nutrient deficiencies and overconsumption, malnutrition and noncommunicable conditions associated with overconsumption and inappropriate diet. The difference of nutrition and health status between rural and urban people was also seen.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Diet ; statistics & numerical data ; Eating ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Infant ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Vitamin A Deficiency ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and indoor environmental risk factors for children with pneumonia in Ankang and surrounding areas from 2019 to 2021. Methods The case data of infants within 100 days who were treated in the Neonatology Department in Ankang Central Hospital from February 2019 to December 2021 were collected and screened, and 378 infants with pneumonia who met the criteria were included in the study. Children's illness-related condition are reported by their parents. This study investigates and analyzes the pathogenic bacteria of pneumonia in the included patients, and analyzed the risk factors of the indoor environment. Results The pathogenic bacteria of 378 children were 95 (25.13%) Streptococcus pneumoniae, 76 (20.11%) Haemophilus influenzae, 71 (18.78%) Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. 37 strains (9.79%), 23 strains (6.08%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 17 strains (4.50%) of Chlamydia pneumoniae, 11 strains (2.91%) of Legionella, and 11 strains (2.91%) of other strains. The resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to clindamycin, penicillin and tetracycline was more than 90.0%, and the resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin and ampicillin was more obvious (more than 90.00%). The resistance rate of Haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin, compound sulfaoxazole and cefaclor was above 70.00%. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to piperacillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefepime and cefuroxime sodium was more than 70.00%. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime and cefoxitin was over 75.00%. Renovation of the main dwelling or acquisition of new furniture between the mother's pregnancy and the child's diagnosis of pneumonia, passive smoking from the mother's pregnancy to the current dwelling, household insects (flies, mosquitoes, or cockroaches), prolonged and persistent dampness (even visible mold) in the dwelling, use of coal for cooking, and prolonged and persistent flowering plants in the dwelling were independent risk factors for the development of pneumonia in children in the indoor environment. Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus are the main pathogens of childhood pneumonia in Ankang and surrounding areas from 2019 to 2021, and the drug resistance of the main pathogens is relatively obvious. Parents should actively improve their children's indoor living environment to reduce the incidence of pneumonia by eliminating insect vectors, reducing interior decoration, purchasing new furniture, moist and moldy environments and flowering plants, avoiding passive smoking and cooking with coal, and reducing pet ownership.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype and genetic changes of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComa).

METHODSA total of 25 cases of PEComa located in various anatomic sites were selected for immunohistochemical staining (SP or EnVision method). TFE3 fluorescence in-situ hybridization was also performed to determine the TFE3 gene status.

RESULTSThe age of patient ranged from 21 to 61 years (mean = 43 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1: 1.3. Histologically, 22 cases represented conventional angiomyolipomas, composed of a mixture of adipose tissue, spindle element, epithelioid smooth muscle cells and abnormal thick-walled blood vessels in various proportions. Three cases involving lung, soft tissue and broad ligament had subtle but distinctive morphologic features. Nested or sheet-like architecture with epithelioid or spindle cells was observed. Immunohistochemical study showed that HMB 45, melan A, smooth muscle actin and cathepsin K were expressed in 80% (20/25), 88% (22/25), 88% (22/25) and 100% (25/25) of PEComa, respectively. Within positive cases, the average proportion of positive tumor cells was 36%, 41%, 35% and 90% respectively for HMB 45, melan A, smooth muscle actin and cathepsin K. TFE3 was negative in all of the 22 renal and hepatic PEComa studied, while it was positive in the 3 cases of extra-hepatorenal PEComa. None of the 25 cases exhibited evidence of TFE3 gene fusion or amplification.

CONCLUSIONSExtra-hepatorenal PEComa have distinctive morphologic features and are associated with TFE3 overexpression. Cathepsin K immunostaining demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in PEComa, better than other commonly employed immunomarkers. This marker is thus useful in diagnosis of PEComa and distinction with other neoplasms.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Angiomyolipoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cathepsin K ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; MART-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia. CONCLUSIONS The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.
Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Cesarean Section ; Risk Factors ; Asphyxia Neonatorum/etiology*

Aim To explore type 1 diabetes mice and the advance glycation end products (AGE) involved in electrical remodeling of atrial myocytes. Methods The diabetic mouse model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ; action potential duration, and the current density of I