Objective To establish a mouse model of early lung adenocarcinoma to serve the imaging studies of early lung adenocarcinoma .Methods Two-hundred and ten 4-week old SPF female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups (40 mice per group) and 1 control group (10 mice).The mice of experimental groups were subcutaneously injected with a dose of 0.2 ml 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitroso-guanidine ( MNNG) solution in concentration of 2.0 mg/mL weekly for 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks (group A-E), respectively, while the mice of control group was subcutane-ously injected with 0.2 mL saline weekly for 12 weeks.Ten mice were randomly sacrificed from each experimental group at the 60th, 80th, 100th and 120th days after initial injection ( group A60 , group A80 , group A100 , group A120; group B60 ,……and so on) , and the bilateral lungs were dissected .The tumor occurrence rate , number and size of lung tumors were observedandrecorded.Results 1.Thetumoroccurrencerateandnumberoflungtumorswerepositivelyproportionalto the time and dose of MNNG injection .No tumor was found in any group at the 60th day.2.At the 80th day, the tumor oc-currence rate in the groups A, B, C, D and E was 0, 10%, 30%, 40%and 50%, respectively.The number of tumors in each group was 0, 4, 42, 60 and 81, respectively.The number of tumors smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter was 0, 4, 25, 31 and 40, respectively.3.At the 100th day, the tumor occurrence rate was 20%, 40%, 100%, 100%and 100%, re-spectively.The number of tumors was 6, 19, 187, 223 and 301, respectively, and the number of tumors smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter was 5, 16, 132, 124 and 123, respectively.4.At the 120th day, the tumor occurrence rate was 30%, 50%, 100%, 100%and 100%, respectively.The number of tumors was 30, 124, 302, 351 and 362 per group, respec-tively.The number of tumors smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter was 21, 98, 123, 140 and 108, respectively.The induced lung adenocarcinomas were confirmed by pathology .Conclusions MNNG solution 0.2 mL (2.0 mg/mL) subcutaneously injected weekly for 4 weeks can produce 100%occurrence rate of lung adenocarcinoma in mice and most tumors are smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter at 100th day after initial injection .It is a most suitable model for imaging studies of mouse early lung adenocarcinoma .

Objective To investigate the eftect of VEGF gene transtection on endothelial progenitor cell derived from murine bone marrow.Methods Wistar rat's bone marrow was obtained, mononuclear cell isolated,and endothelial progenitor cells(EPS)were cultured in EGM-2MV.EPCs were identified by immunocytochemistry and electron microscope.EPCs were transfected by liposome mediated pcDNA3.0-hVEGF165.VEGF protein level was determined in the cultural medium supernatant after VEGF transfection by ELISA.Cultural medium supernatant was used to co-culture with ECV304,VEGF protein activity was evaluated by MTT.EPCs expression of vWF,VEGF,FLK-1 was detected by immunocytochemistry.Results EPCs were effectively enriched by EGM-2MV,and the EPCs obtained express the typical cell surface markers such as CD34,CD133,FLK-1.The concentration of VEGF protein in supernatant reaches 1280 pg/ml in the 7th day after pcDNA3.0-hVEGF transfection.No influence of EPCs proliferation could be found after transfeetion.The cell surface marker expression of VEGF,FLK-1, vWF became higher with time,and the ratios of positive cell were 88.52%,82.65% and 95.97% respectively.Conclusions pcDNA3.0-hVEGF165 transfeet EPCS mediated by liposome could excrete a high concentration of functional VEGF protein.It is helpful for EPC to maintain the characters of endothelial cell after VEGF gene transfection and differentiate to mature endothelial cell.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of cannulated screw fixation with percutaneous Poking reduction for the treatment of Sanders II, III calcaneal fracture.

METHODSFrom January 2012 to January 2014, 19 patients with Sanders II, III calcaneal fracture were treated with cannulated screw fixation with percutaneous Poking reduction. There were 14 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 19 to 58 years old, with an average age of (38.3 +/- 4.1) years old. The changes of Bohler angle and Gissane angle were measured and compared preoperatively and postoperatively to observe the recovery of the articular surface. The Maryland Foot Score was used to evaluate operation outcomes.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 28 months with a mean of (22.3 +/- 5.3) months. The Bohler angle and Gissane angle were improved significantly after operation compared with those before operation (P < 0.05). The Maryland score was 83.2 +/- 8.4.

CONCLUSIONTreatment of calcaneal fractures with screw fixation with percutaneous Poking reduction has several advantages such as satisfactory outcome,less damage, fewer complications, quicker recovery, and shorter hospital stay,and it is one of the effective treatments for Sanders II and III calcaneal fractures.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Humans ; Organometallic Compounds ; chemistry ; metabolism ; toxicity

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; Organometallic Compounds ; poisoning

Objective To explore the relationship between diameter of liver hemangioma and operation risk.Methods The clinical data of 362 patients with liver hemangioma who were admitted to the PLA General Hospital from January 2006 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into the 3 groups according to diameter of gross specimen,217 with tumor diameter≥5 cm and ≤ 10 cm in the large hemangioma group,119 with tumor diameter ＞ 10 cm and ≤20 cm in the giant hemangioma group and 26 with tumor diameter≥20 cm in the extremely large hemangioma group.The operation method included open surgery and laparoscopic surgery.Hepatectomy and enucleation of liver hemangioma were major operation procedures.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of patients with intraoperative blood transfusion,number of patients with postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay were evaluated.Count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s,and comparison among groups was analyzed using the ANOVA.Skewed distribution data were described as M (P25,P75),comparison among groups was analyzed by Kruskal-wallis test and pairwise comparison was done by the MannWhitney U test.Results All patients underwent operation successfully without perioperative death,including 315 receiving open surgery (175 in the large hemangioma group,114 in the giant hemangioma group and 26 in the extremely large hemangioma group) and 47 receiving laparoscopic surgery (42 in the large hemangioma group and 5 in the giant hemangioma group).The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of patients with blood transfusion,number of patients with postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay were 160 minutes (125 minutes,205 minutes),300 mL (100 mL,500 mL),31,5 and 8 days (7 days,9 days) in the large hemangioma group,220 minutes (175 minutes,275 minutes),500 mL (300 mL,1 000mL),36,5 and 9 days (8 days,10 days) in the giant hemangioma group,330 minutes (280 minutes,420 minutes),1 975 mL (800 mL,4 000mL),20,7 and 11 days (9 days,13 days) in the extremely large hemangioma group,respectively,with significant differences (x2 =84.24,80.94,53.65,31.54,47.67,P ＜ 0.05).The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of patients with intraoperative blood transfusion and duration of hospital stay were compared,showing significant differences between large hemangioma group and giant hemangioma group (Z =6.39,6.51,x2 =11.29,Z =4.73,P ＜ 0.05),with significant differences between large hemangioma group and extremely large hemangioma group and between giant hemangioma group and extremely large hemangioma group (Z =7.28,6.91,x2=51.22,Z =5.57,P ＜ 0.05;Z =5.33,4.86,x2=17.69,Z =3.5 1,P ＜ 0.05).Seventeen patients had postoperative complications with an incidence of 4.70％ (17/362),intra-abdominal hemorrhage were detected in 7 patients,perihepatic effusion in 4 patients,pleural effusion in 3 patients,bile leakage in 2 patients and fat liquefaction of abdominal incision in 1 patient.There was no significant difference in the number of patients with postoperative complications between large hemangioma group and giant hemangioma group (x2 =0.41,P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences in the number of patients with postoperative complications between large hemangioma group and extremely large hemangioma group and between giant hemangioma group and extremely large hemangioma group (x2 =24.96,11.67,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Diameber of liver hemangioma is associated with operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of patients with intraoperative blood transfusion,number of patients with postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay,and there is a high risk in the surgical treatment of patients with liver hemangioma diameter≥20 cm.

Objective To compare the outcomes of giant hepatic hemangioma undergoing enucleation and hepatectomy and to summarize our experience of surgical management of liver hemangioma.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in patients undergoing giant hepatic hemangioma resection (lager than 10 cm in size) in General Hospital of PLA,during 2006 through 2014.Patients were divided into two groups according to the types of operation.Results Of 145 patients with giant liver hemangioma,81 underwent enucleation and 64 had hepatectomy.The differences of tumor size (12.0 cm vs.15.5 cm,u =3.68,P ＜0.01),time of operation (210 min vs.280 min,u =3.89,P ＜ 0.01) and the ratio of inflow control (81.5％ vs.56.3％,x2 =10.91,P ＜ 0.01) of enucleation and hepatectomy was significant.The difference of intraoperative blood loss (500 ml vs.800 ml,u =1.85,P =0.07) and the postoperative morbidity (8.6％ vs.7.8％,x2=0.03,P =0.86) was not statistically significant.There was no inhospital mortality in both groups.Conclusions Both of enucleation and hepatectomy are effective operative approaches for giant liver hemangioma,patients with liver hemangioma should be prudently chosen for surgery,and the operation type should be individualized with the guidance of precision liver surgery.

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Tongue ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To investigate the regulation expression of leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF)in hu- man and animal osteoarthritic(OA)tissues and its clinical relevance.Methods 1)Thirty-five Japanese rabbits, aged eight months,were used to make models of experimental osteoarthritis.Operations were performed at the right knee and the sham ones at the left knee in each rabbit.Rabbits were sacrificed on the 3,7,14,28,42,56 and 84 days after operation respectively.Cartilage and synovium of the knee were collected to observe histological changes of osteoarthritis at different times;immunohistochemistry analysis was conducted to observe the LIF expression and distribution in the cartilage and synovium of the animals.2)From April 2003 to October 2003,32 samples of human articular tissues(cartilage,subchondral bone and synovium)were obtained in the operational procedures and a good quantity of RNA was isolated using Magnetic Beads.The patients who underwent articular operations donated the samples.In the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),the mRNA expression of LIF was mea- sured by semi-quantity analysis and the location of LIF protein was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results A slight expression of LIF was seen in normal cartilage but less in synovium.However,the expression of LIF was remarkable in synovial lining cells,superficial and middle layers of cartilage in animal os- teoarthritis.There was a significant difference in expression between the animal osteoarthritis and the control group (P＜0.05 ).In human tissue study,LIF mRNA was expressed to a very low level in normal articular tissues and there was no significant difference(P＞0.05)between different anatomical locations.In moderate degrading sub- chondral bone,LIF mRNA was expressed to its highest level.LIF was expressed to the highest level in seriously degrading cartilage tissues.The results were similar to ELISA testing results.LIF extents varied in different articular tissue sections.Conclusions LIF is an important mediator that can contribute to tbe pathogenesis of OA.The different temporal and spatial distributions of LIF in normal and OA tissues imply that LIF may play some important roles in pathogenesis of OA.