10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.013

In this study, ITS2 barcode was used to identify Bupleurum chinense and B. longiradiatum. The ITS2 regions of 48 samples were amplified and sequenced. The sequences obtained above were aligned and the K2P distances were calculated. We used three methods, BLAST1, nearest distance and phylogenetic tree (NJ-tree), to test the identification ability. The results showed that the maximum intraspecific genetic distance of B. chinense was 0.013, and the minimum interspecific genetic distance between B. chinense and B. longiradiatum was 0.049. The NJ-tree can easily identify B. chinense and B. longiradiatum. Therefore, the ITS2 barcode is suitable to identify B. chinense and B. longiradiatum.
Bupleurum ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation with calcaneal locking plates in treating Sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2010 and October 2012, 38 calcaneal fractures with Sanders type II or III were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with calcaneal locking plate. According to the Sanders classification, 15 fractures were classified as type II, 23 fractures as type III. The patients were divided into two groups (group A and B) according to the different fixed methods. Sustentaculum tali was fixed with one screw in group A, including 13 males and 5 females, with a mean age of (38.56±8.03) years old (ranged, 25 to 55). And sustentaculum tali was not fixed in group B, including 16 males and 4 females, with a mean age of (42.35±8.29) years old (ranged, 29 to 53). Clinical effects were evaluated according to the changes of Böhler's angle and the Maryland Foot Score and VAS score.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 20 months with a mean of 14 months. Böhler's angles and subtalar joints obtained satisfactory reconstruction in all patients. One year after operation, the mean Maryland Foot Score was 88.61±7.59 in group A; and was 82.40±9.24 in group B; Maryland Foot Score of group A was higher and foot functional rehabilitation was better than group B. The mean VAS score was 13.39±11.47 in group A; and was 22.50±13.10 in group B; VAS score of group A was lower and foot pain was less than group B.

CONCLUSIONSustentaculum tall screw fixation has advantages of strong fixed strength, high stability, less postoperative pain, rapid functional recovery in treating Sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between severity of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) without chronic kidney disease (CKD) and serum cystatin C.

METHODSA total of 238 patients with snoring during sleep admitted between January 2012 and June 2015 underwent full-night polysomnography for diagnosis of OSAHS. The patients were divided according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) scores into simple snoring group (AHI<5) and mild (AHI, 5-15), moderate (AHI, 15-30), and severe OSAHS (AHI>30) groups. The medical history, baseline demographic characteristics, blood glucose, blood lipids, peripheral blood cell count and serum cystatin C were measured, and the correlation between polysomnographic parameters and serum cystatin C were analyzed in different groups.

RESULTSThe simple snoring, mild, moderate, and severe OSAHS groups consisted of 41, 49, 56, and 92 cases, respectively. Serum cystatin C, WBC and its subtype counts, RBC count, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were all significantly higher in severe OSAHS group than in the other 3 groups (P<0.05), but serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate were comparable among the groups (P>0.05). Linear correlation analysis revealed that serum cystatin C was positively correlated with gender, BMI, neck circumference, abdominal circumference, SBP, AHI, and WBC (P<0.01) and inversely correlated with the average pulse oxygen saturation (ASpO2), minimum pulse oxygen saturation (MSpO(2)), and SOD (P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis identified AHI and SOD as independent factors that were positively and inversely correlated with serum cystatin C (β=0.218, P<0.010; β=-0.217, P<0.009), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSevere OSAHS is closely correlated with serum cystatin C, WBC, and SOD, suggesting that severe OSAHS may initiate the pathological process of early renal damage possibly in association with chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and the initiation of the inflammatory cascade.

Blood Glucose ; Cystatin C ; blood ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Kidney Diseases ; complications ; Leukocyte Count ; Polysomnography ; Sleep ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; diagnosis ; Snoring ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

Animals ; Bone and Bones ; cytology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Durapatite ; metabolism ; Female ; Osteoporosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ovariectomy ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

To investigate the difference of liver injury in rats gavaged with crude and processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix. The 75% ethanol extract of crude and processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix (50 g · kg(-1) crude medicine weight/body weight) were continuous oral administered to rats for 6 weeks. Serum biochemical indicators were dynamically detected, the change of liver histopathology was assessed 6 weeks later. Principal component analysis (PCA) was adopted to screen sensitive indicator of the liver damage induced by polygoni multiflori radix. Biochemical tests showed that the crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix group had significant increase of serum ALT, AST, ALP, DBIL and TBIL (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) and significant decreases of serum IBIL and TBA (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), while the processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed no obvious changes, compared to the untreated normal group. Histopathologic analysis revealed that crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix group exhibited significant inflammatory cells infiltration in portal area around the blood vessels, tissue destruction and local necrosis of liver cells. There were not obvious pathological changes in processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix group. The results demonstrated that the injury effect of processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix on liver injury of rats was significantly lower than that of unprocessed, and that processing can effectively reduce the hepatotoxicity of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. Traditional transaminase liver function indicators were not sensitive for crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix induced liver damage. The serum content of DBIL and TBIL can reflect the liver damage induced by crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix early and can be sensitive indicators for clinical monitoring the usage of it.
Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; etiology ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Female ; Liver ; drug effects ; injuries ; Male ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Rats

Objective To investigate the curative effects of various infusion volumes on liver-related metabolic mechanism in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.Methods A severe hemorrhagic shock rabbit model was established in 30 rabbits.The rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:non-infusion group (A), conventional infusion group (B), and excessive infusion group (C) (n=10 in each group).Taking group B as the control, groups A and C were observed for the damage of non-infusion and excessive infusion, respectively.The outcomes in the three groups and their relations with liver tissue metabolism changes were analyzed with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS).Results The mortality in groups A, B, and C group were 80％, 0％, and 70％, respectively.The liver tissue metabolic profile in group B showed statistically significant difference compared with that in groups A and B.In group C, the levels of 21 metabolites were lower than those in group B, and the levels of8 metabolites were lower than those in group A.The relative contents of various metabolites were correlated with infusion volumes, and the succinic acid content was associated with death events (P＜0.05).Conclusion The conventional infusion has significant curative effect on hemorrhagic shock.The metabolites of liver tissues with excessive infusion are generally decompensated and have longer survival time than those in non-infusion group, which may caused by the excessive infusion-induced blood volume increase after hemorrhagic shock.Tissue fluid dilution is an important cause of death.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the urinary 1-hydroxypyrene level and cytokinesis-block micronucleus in peripheral blood lymphocyte in coke oven workers.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty-eight workers from a coke plant and 158 referents without occupational PAHs exposure were recruited in this study. Urnary level of 1-hydroxypyrene was measured by alkaline hydrolysis combined with high performance liquid chromatography as an internal exposure dose, and the chromosomal damage of peripheral blood lymphocyte were evaluated with cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) method. Personal information including occupational history, age, sex, smoking and alcohol drinking, was collected by questionnaire.

RESULTSThe lymphocyte chromosomal damage level expressed as frequency of CBMN in coke oven workers was significantly higher than that of controls (3.32 ± 2.90 vs 0.57 ± 0.88, P < 0.01) after adjusting for sex, age, smoking and alcohol drinking, and correlation between urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations and frequency of CBMN was found (Spearman Partial correlation coefficient = 0.28, P < 0.05) in coke oven workers. Three hundreds and sixteen subjects were divided into three groups by their urine 1-hydroxypyrene level (expressed as 0.11 ∼ 0.70, 0.71 ∼ 4.09 and 4.10 ∼ 24.74 µmol/mol Cr). After adjusting for age, sex, smoking and alcohol drinking by multiple nonparametric analysis of covariance, the frequency of CBMN in the groups of 0.71 ∼ 4.09 and 4.10 ∼ 24.74 µmol/mol C were 1.89 ± 2.37 and 3.29 ± 2.36, significantly higher than that in the group of 0 ∼ 0.70 µmol/mol Cr (0.56 ± 0.89).

CONCLUSIONSUnder present PAHs exposure levels, the Cytokinesis-block micronucleus test could detect PAHs-induced genotoxicity in coke oven workers.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Coke ; toxicity ; Cytokinesis ; DNA Damage ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Male ; Micronucleus Tests ; Middle Aged ; Mutagens ; toxicity ; Occupational Exposure ; Pyrenes ; toxicity ; Urinalysis ; Urine ; chemistry

With the intensive aging of the population, it's imperative and important to train a number of geriatric specialists. Essential clinical knowledge and skills as well as accomplishment of medical humanistic spirit are core competences of an eligible geriatrician. The standardized training of geriatric specialists is facing a few challenges such as incomplete comprehension of the training program and trainees, a lack of enough trainees, and a lack of standardized management for the program. An efficient social support system, a normative educational training system, an effective supervision and evaluation system, first-class teaching staff, and qualified trainees are important guarantees for the standardized training program.

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate how morphine(Mor)effects mitochondrial dynamics change of H9c2 induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R).Methods Myocardial H9c2 cells were divided into blank group(without treatment),model group(H/R treatment),control group(5 μmol·L-1 Mor treatment)and experimental group(H/R+5 μmol·L-1 Mor treatment).The content of reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and complex of Ⅰ and Ⅲ activity were detected using ROS,tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester(TMRE),and mitochondrial complex of Ⅰ and Ⅲ activity detection kits,respectively.The morphology of mitochondria and lysosomes was observed by transmission electron microscope electron microscopy(TEM);Western blot was used to detect the expression of GTPase kinetic protein 1(Drp1),cytochrome c oxidase Ⅳ(COX Ⅳ)and transporters of the outer mitochondrial membrane(TOM20).Results The nuclear membrane was smooth and complete;the mitochondrial size was consistent;the crest arrangement was neat;vacuolization was reduced or even disappeared;the mitochondrial matrix electron density was increased;the number of autophagosomes was decreased in the experimental group.The contents of ROS in blank group,model group,control group and experimental group were 1.03±0.04,1.53±0.10,1.06±0.06 and 1.10±0.11;MMP were 1.00±0.15,0.80±0.16,1.06±0.19 and 1.00±0.19;the activities of complex of Ⅰ were 1.00±0.08,2.28±0.82,1.05±0.26 and 1.13±0.37;the activities of complex of Ⅲ were 1.00±0.09,2.13±0.38,0.83±0.22 and 0.96±0.11;the expression of Drp1 protein were 1.00±0.14,1.27±0.07,0.97±0.21 and 0.93±0.17;the expression of fission protein 1(Fis1)protein were 1.00±0.16,1.33±0.18,1.17±0.25 and 0.99±0.05;the expression of COX Ⅳ protein were 1.00±0.25,0.62±0.08,0.79±0.26 and 0.97±0.16;the expression of TOM20 protein were 1.00±0.13,0.67±0.15,0.75±0.13 and 0.89±0.05.The above indexes of model group were significantly different from those of blank group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001,P＜0.000 1).The above indexes of experimental group were significantly different from those of model group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001,P＜0.000 1).Conclusion Morphine may inhibit mitophagy and fission,and alleviated mitochondrial oxidative stress damage by decreasing the activity of respiratory chain complex of Ⅰ and Ⅲ,thus maintaining mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis and alleviating H/R-induced myocardial cell damage.