In order to study the accumulation of Fritillaria thunbergii cultivar, peimine content in Xiaye, Kuanye, Duozi and Xiaosanzi bulbs of different sizes and parts was determined by HPLC-ELSE. The results indicated that the peimine content varied significantly with the cultivar type, the size and part of bulb. The distribution laws of peimine were as follow: Xiaosanzi > Duozi > Xiaye > Kuanye, small-size bulb > big-size bulb, core bud > scale. The peimine yield per plant in Duozi was the highest.
Cevanes ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fritillaria ; chemistry ; growth & development

Objective To analyze the prevalence characteristics of fatty liver in young and middle-aged people,and to explore the risk factors of the disease,so as to provide clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver.Methods In 756 young and middle-aged healthy subjects with age≤50 years old,there were 197 fatty liver cases were diagnosed by ultrasonic test during 2015 year.The prevalence of different characteristics in young and middle-aged fatty liver was analyzed,the difference of blood biochemical index between fatty liver and non fatty liver group was compared,and risk factors of fatty liver was explored by binary logistic regression model.Results The total prevalence rate of fatty liver in young and middle-aged people was 26.1%(197/756),among which 33.1% (119/359) were male and 19.6%(78/397) were female,the prevalence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female(χ2=17.833,P<0.05).The prevalence rate of fatty liver increased with age(χ2=33.296,P<0.05),which in 40-50 years old was 37.1%(111/299) and significantly higher than that in 20 years-(15.0%)(24/160) and 30 years-(20.9%)(62/297).Logistic regression analysis on influencing factors of fatty liver prevalence showed that age,sex,body mass index(BMI),drinking,diabetes and fasting blood glucose(FPG),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC) were closely related to fatty liver(P<0.05),overweight,obesity,drinking,diabetes increased the risk of fatty liver disease.Biochemical indicators(FPG,TG,TC) in fatty liver group were higher than those in non fatty liver group((7.09±1.47) mmol/L vs.(5.14±1.71) mmol/L,(5.98±1.23) mmol/L vs.(4.95±1.42) mmol/L,(2.03±0.45) mmol/L vs.(1.23±0.67) mmol/L,t=271.905,98.866,278.255;P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of fatty liver in young and middle-aged people is high,and controlling body weight,give up drinking,active treating diabetes,reducing blood glucose and blood lipids can effectively decrease the prevalence of fatty liver in young and middle-aged people.

Objective To study the changes of serum markers of hepatic fibrosis in patients with fatty liver,and to provide clinical diagnosis and treatment for patients with fatty liver.Methods Three hundred and sixty-one patients with fatty liver were divided into light,medium and heavy three degrees according to the intrahepatic echo and structure.Serum markers of hepatic fibrosis-hyaluronic acid (HA),laminin (LN),procollagen Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ) and type Ⅳ collagen (C-Ⅳ) were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the ordinal logistic regression model was used to analyze,regarding the grade of fatty liver as dependent variable.Results The levels of serum fibrosis markers HA,LN,PC Ⅲ and C-Ⅳ in patients with mild,moderate and severe fatty liver were (94.53 ± 16.21),(101.38 ± 20.42),(127.34 ± 26.54) μg/L,(107.25±22.63),(117.38±24.84),(136.62±32.27) μg/L,(110.27±23.15),(121.55±27.36),(138.62± 30.62) μg/L,(72.61 ± 15.46),(82.06 ± 18.28),(92.96 ± 21.35) μg/L respectively,there was significant difference in serum fibrosis markers among mild,moderate and severe fatty liver patients (F =675.719,398.771,303.960,840.570;P＜0.05),while the markers of patients with severe fatty liver were higher than normal.The ordinal logistic regression model showed that the serum fibrosis indexes of HA,LN,PC Ⅲ and C-Ⅳ had significant effects on the grading of fatty liver(P＜0.05),whose odds ratio were 1.322,1.229,1.899,3.935,that was the higher the HA,LN,PC Ⅲ,C-Ⅳ,the more severe fatty liver.Conclusion There were liver fibrosis trend in patients with severe fatty liver.Detection of serum markers of hepatic fibrosis can be used as an important basis for monitoring and diagnosis of fatty liver disease.

Objective The protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion ( IR) injury via anti-apoptotic signaling is well established , but the underlying mechanism remains unclear .This study was to investigate whether H 2 S could protect cardiomyocytes from endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS)-mediated apoptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation ( HR) injury by regulating the expression of microRNA-455 ( miR-455 ) . Methods Cardiomyocytes from neonatal SD rats were primarily cultured and the model of HR injury was established .The cardiomyocytes were divided into a control group (normally cultured for 27 hours), an HR group (subjected to HR injury), and an H2S protection group (pretreated with the precursor of H2S NaHS at 40 μmol/L at 30 min before HR treatment followed by the same procedure as in the HR group ) .The cell viability was monitored by MTT , the release of lactate de-hydrogenase ( LDH) in the culture supernatant measured by full-automatic chemical analysis , and the apoptosis rate of the cardiomyo-cytes detected by flow cytometry .The mRNA and protein expressions of Grp 78 and caspase-12 were determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western bot .To verify whether miR-455 was involved in the ERS-mediated apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes , the cells were subjec-ted to HR after transfected with miR-455 mimic or anti-miR-455 oligonucleotide (AMO) for 24 hours, followed by detection of the ex-pressions of Grp78 and caspase-12. Results After HR injury, the H2 S protection group showed an enhanced viability of the cardio-myocytes in comparison with the control group ([67.02 ±6.90] vs [29.27 ±5.66] %), an decreased LDH release ([91.33 ± 10.63] vs [168.17 ±15.38] U/L), and a reduced rate of cell apoptosis ([13.98 ±1.90] vs [24.31 ±2.79] %).H2 S pretreat-ment significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expressions of Grp 78 and caspase-12 (1.66 ±0.39 vs 2.56 ±0.34;1.75 ± 0.32 vs 2.54 ±0.48;2.01 ±0.45 vs 3.26 ±0.34;1.85 ±0.52 vs 3.21 ±0.84, P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expressions of Grp78 and caspase-12 were evidently increased after transfection with miR-455 mimic (3.56 ±0.37 vs 1.00 ±0.00;3.61 ±0.41 vs 1.00 ±0.00;2.87 ±0.38 vs 1.00 ±0.00;2.98 ±0.49 vs 1.00 ±0.00), but remarkably decreased after transfection with miR-455 AMO (0.62 ±0.16 vs 1.00 ±0.00;0.65 ±0.13 vs 1.00 ±0.00;0.54 ±0.13 vs 1.00 ±0.00;0.62 ±0.16 vs 1.00 ±0.00, P<0.05). Conclusion H2S could protect cardiomyocytes from HR injury by regulating the expression of miR-455 and reducing ERS-mediated cell apoptosis .

With the development of wireless networks and mobile intelligent terminal the new media technology is profoundly changing people's lifestyle and study mode. We applied new media technologies to the teaching practice of eight-year medical program to stimulate students' learning en-thusiasm and productivity, which greatly expanded the knowledge of students, enrich teaching methods, and achieved good teaching effect.

Tumor thermal-treatment instrument is a newly developed medical instrument using HIFU technology. On the basis of a brief introduction of the system structure, this paper emphasizes the computer aided-therapy system applying a lot of computer technologies such as digital signal processing, digital signal communication computer aided design, artificial intelligence and database management system. Finally a concise therapy process using computer aided-therapy system is also introduced.
Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Systems ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Therapy, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; instrumentation

Acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) are voltage-independent,proton-gated,cation-selective channels composed of 6 different subunits which are encoded by 4 genes.These channels are sensitive to extracellular protons and open when the pH value decreases.Recently,accumulating evidences have suggested that activation of ASICs is involved in many physiological and pathological conditions associated with tissue acidification,including synaptic transmission,inflammation,ischemia,pain and epileptic seizures.Therefore,targeting these channels emerges as a potential promising therapeutic strategy to combat these diseases.This review will focus on the structure and distribution of ASICs,with special emphasis on their changes in the process of epilepsy,the influence they exert on seizure severity,as well as the possible mechanisms by which they modulate this disease.

OBJECTIVETo investigate drug resistance status in patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Shandong province.

METHODSA total of 758 patients were separated from the anticoagulatory whole blood during May and October in 2011. The entire protease gene and part of the reverse transcriptase gene were amplified by RT-PCR and nest-PCR in the samples with viral load larger than 1000 copies/ml, then sequenced the gene fragments. Mutation of drug resistant gene and drug susceptibility was analyzed by the online tool HIV db program developed by Stanford University.

RESULTSThe rate of virologic failure in patients was 9.1% (69/758). A total of 53 gene sequences that acquired were used for genotypic resistance analysis. A total of 23 patients were indicated drug resistance with the total of 3.1% (23/742). Drug resistance rates of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and non-NRTI(NNRTI) were 2.4% (18/742) and 3.0% (22/742), respectively, and the primary mutation types of drug resistance were M184V and Y181C for NRTI and NNRTI, with no resistance to protease inhibitor (PI). In the 23 patients indicated drug resistance, 78.3% (18/23) were NRTI resistance, 95.7% (22/23) were NNRTI resistance and 73.9% (17/23) dual NRTI and NNRTI resistance.

CONCLUSIONThe presence of drug resistant gene in HIV strains among AIDS patients with HAART in Shandong province was at low level, but mutation diversity was found in drug resistant gene.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; virology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Sequence Analysis ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

Objective To promote the effective management of population cohort data and to provide the beneficial reference for the cohort data management model in our country. Methods After a description of the German national cohort program with an international impact, its organizational model, data types and data management were sum-marized and analyzed, its research target and plan were outlined, its data collection and processing, integration and storage, quality protection and control were studied. Results Multisource data classification management prohibited the application for data and sharing of data use in tested subjects when they were using the data. Conclusion Data standards should be unified, multisource data classification storage should be implemented, the data analysis should be widened and deepened, the right of tested subjects should be made clear, and the data sharing procedure should be standardized in our country according to the inadequate domestic cohort research and the enlightenments of the German national cohort.

Objective To investigate the impact on the retention time of retention enema at chen shi in patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods 60 residential patients (from May 2009 to June 2010 ) with pelvic inflammatory disease were randomly divided into observation group and control group based on table of random number,each group had 30 cases.The observation group practiced enema at 7:00 ～ 9:00comparing with the control group at routine time(19:00 - 21:00).Investigate the percentage of bowel movement before enema,the feeling of bowel movement and the retention time.Results The times of appearance and the degree of feeling of defecation is significantly lower in observation group than that in control group after enema (Z =- 5.968,P ＜ 0.01 ),there were no differences before enema (Z =-0.561,P ＞ 0.05) ; The media retention time is (13.425 ± 5.362)h in observation group comparing with (9.303±2.695)h in control group,the difference is significant ( t =-20.200,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Retention enema at Chen Shi can increase the retention time and alleviate awareness of defecation.