Objective: To investigate the association between polymorphisms of the C-106T at promotor region of aldose reductase (AR) gene in chromosome 7q35 and nephropathy with type 2 diabetes in people of Han nationality in North China. Methods: A case-control study in 202 Chinese subjects (including 139 type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without nephropathy and 63 norma1 control) was performed. The genotypes and alleles of polymorphisms of C-106T at promotor region of AR gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method with 4% agarose gel electrophoresis. The results were validated by sequencing the PCR products. Results: The frequency of the T allele and CT+TT genotypes at promotor region of AR gene was significantly higher in DN+ group than that in DN-group and control (CON) group (P0.05). Conclusion: The T allele and CT/TT genotypes at promotor region of AR gene may related to nephropathy with type 2 diabetes in people of Han nationality in North China.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Puerperal Disorders

The HPLC fingerprint determination method of Jinzhen oral solution was established to provide a new method for quality control of Jinzhen oral solution. RP-HPLC was used for phenomenex Luna C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) chromatographic column, with 0.1% H3 PO4 water solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. HPLC fingerprint of Jinzhen oral solution was established to identify 17 common peaks in Jinzhen oral solution. The similarity of fingerprints of 10 batches of finished products was more than 0. 90. The established HPLC fingerprint has a better precision, reproducibility and stability, and can be applied in quality control of Jinzhen oral solution.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

The trace chemical components in functional Monascus rice were studied to explore the potential bioactive substances. MCI column, Sephadex LH-20 gel, and preparative liquid chromatography were used to purified the ethyl acetate extract from functional Monascus rice. Two novel pyridine Monascus pigments were isolated and identified, named monascopyridine G (1) and monascopyridine H (2), respectively based on extensive mass spectrometry (MS), infrared radiation (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The molecular docking experiments between compounds 1 and 2 and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) showed that they exhibited obvious binding force with the receptor protein. Besides, the biosynthetic pathways of the two compounds were proposed, which provide a valuable reference for the selective production of these potential bioactive substances.

Objective Rapid elevation of the IgG antibody against Candida Enolase ( Eno ) has been observed in patients with invasive candidosis in an early stage .The present study was to confirm the association of Candida colonization with humoral im-mune anamnestic response of the dominant antigen . Methods Twenty-four mice were randomized into group 1 treated by oral Candi-da colonization plus intraperitoneal infection ( immunocompetent , n=8) , 2 treated with immunosuppressant in addition to the treatment of group 1 ( immunocompromised , n=8) , 3 treated by oral Candida colonization only ( immunocompetent , n=4) and 4 treated by in-traperitoneal injection only( immunocompetent, n=4).The number of Eno-specific memory B-cells in the spleen and the levels of IgG , IgM and IgA antibodies were determined in the peripheral blood of the immunocompetent and immunocompromised invasive candidiasis mice . Results At 7 days after invasive infection , there were significantly more Eno-specific memory B-cells in the mice of groups1 ( 47.25 ± 13.81) and 2 (43.14±15.95) than in groups 3 (8.00±3.74) and 4(8.50±2.38) (P<0.01), with no statistically significant differences between either groups 1 and 2 or groups 3 and 4 (P >0.05).Eno-IgG antibodies were detected in the serum of the mice of the first two groups in the early stage of invasive infection and positively corre -lated with antigen-specific memory B-cells (r=0.737,P <00.1 ). Conclusion Rapid elevation of the Eno-IgG antibody level in the early stage of invasive infection after Candida colonization may be attributed to the rapid proliferation of humoral immune memory cells.

Objective The systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS) can be caused by infection and non-infection factors, which have similar clinical features but differ in treatment and prognosis .Rapid synthesis of procalcitonin ( PCT) during infec-tion can be used as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis .The present study aims to assess the value of the serum PCT level in the etiological diagnosis and prognosis of SIRS in the surgical ICU . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data on 166 cases of SIRS from the surgical ICU in Jinling Hospital between June 2014 and June 2015 .The data obtained were associated with the patients'demograph-ics, primary diseases, laboratory results, and clinical outcomes.We analyzed the serum PCT values , blood culture results , and clinical outcomes. Results Totally, 131 of the patients were diagnosed with sepsis, with a median value of serum PCT of 2.43 (0.81-10.51) ng/mL, of whom 109 were PCT-positive (≥0.47 ng/mL), with a positive rate of 83.2%.Among the 35 non-infection SIRS patients, the mean level of serum PCT was 0.23 (0.1 -0.39) ng/mL, with a positive rate of 17.14%(6/35).There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in both the ser-um PCT level and positive rate (P<0.05).The PCT-positive rate was significantly higher in the bacteria-infected than in the fungi-in-fected group (86.5%[83/96] vs 74.3%[26/35], P<0.05), with a median value of 4.28 (1.05-14.59) ng/mL and 0.89 (0.37-1.59) ng/mL, respectively, so was it in the survivors than in the non-survivors (94.4%[34/36] vs 78.9%[75/95], P<0.05), with a median value of 12.89 (4.76-47.73) ng/mL and 1.41 (0.54-4.00) ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion The se-rum PCT level might be used to distinguish between sepsis and non-infection SIRS, significantly higher in bacteria-infected and survival groups than in fungi-infected and non-survival groups .Serum PCT determination contributes to the etiological diagnosis and prognosis of SIRS.

Student evaluation is an important part of the teaching process.The Children's Hos-pital of Chongqing Medical University focused on the characteristics of individual child's growth and overall development according to the own condition and integrated formative assessment and summa-tive evaluation in the classroom teaching and clinical internship process. All the measures mentioned above not only help promote students' learning interests,master of knowledge and clinical skills but also exert positive effect on the improvement of teaching level.

Objective　 To investigated the possible roles of IL-18 in HBV infection, and the expression of IL-18 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of chronic hepatitis B. Methods 　In 15 cases of asymptomatic carriers, 30 cases of active and remissive phases of chronic hepatitis and 10 healthy individuals (as normal controls), IL-18 expression in PBMC were quantitatively analyzed with flow cytometric immunological method. The PBMC were separated routinely and stimulated with LPS (SIGMA) and Monensin (SIGMA) for 6 hours. Then the cells were harvested and fixed by PBS/4% paraformaldehyde. The treated cells were stored in liquid nitrogen for detection later. After immunologic stain, the expression of IL-18 in PBMC were examined by flow cytometry. Results　 ① IL-18 was the lowest in asymptomatic carriers. It was fewer in remissive phase than in normal controls (P＜0.01).There was no difference between active phase and normal controls(P=0.25).②Within the group of active phase, IL-18 was significantly different between each grade of inflammatory activity(P＜0.01),and correlated with serum ALT positively(r=0.63,P＜0.01). Conclusion　 IL-18 may relate to disease activity and the inflammation of liver.

OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequiavailability of domestic roxithromycin tablets and imported ones.METH?ODS:20male healthy volunteers took single dose of150mg roxithromycin tablet orally in a random crossover design,blood concentrations were determined by LC-MS.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic and imported tablets were determined respectively as follows,AUC 0～72 were(72.81?23.85)(mg?n)/L and(72.63?20.86)(mg?h)/L,AUC 0～∞ were(74.41?24.45)(mg?h)/L and(74.42?24.45)(mg?h)/L,C max were(6.46?1.51)mg/L and(6.58?1.55)mg/L,t max were(1.9?0.5)h and(1.8?0.5)h,t 1/2 were(13.56?1.35)h and(14.18?1.50)h,the relative bioavailability of the homemade tablet to imported one was(99.8?11.2)%.CONCLUSIONS:Domestic and imported roxithromycin are bioequivalent.