Objective:To compare the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the abdominal visceral fat of obese women.Methods:Sixty-eight obese female college students were randomly divided into an HIIT group ( n=23), an MICT group ( n=22) and a control group ( n=23). The control group was not given any training intervention. The MICT group performed continuous exercise at an intensity of 60% of each person′s maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2max) until 300kJ of work had been performed. Those in the HIIT group performed repeated 4-minute bouts of cycling at 90% of their VO 2max with 3-minute intervals until 300kJ of work had been performed. The interventions lasted 12 weeks. The subjects′ visceral fat (AVFA) and abdominal subcutaneous fat (ASFA) were measured using computed tomography. Whole-body fat mass (FM) and FM in the android, gynoid and trunk regions were detected using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry before and 48 hours after the final session. Results:After the intervention, the average AVFA, ASFA, percentage of fat mass (FM%), whole-body FM, and FM in the abdominal, gluteo-femoral and trunk regions of the HIIT group and MICT group were significantly lower than before the intervention, but there was no significant difference between them. No significant differences were observed in any of the control group′s indexes.Conclusions:Both HIIT and MICT can reduce the abdominal visceral fat of obese female college students, and the effects of the two exercise modes are equivalent.

Immobilization conditions of Candida tropicalis to be absorbed in polyurethane foam carrier materials were studied on the xylitol production from corn hemicellulosic hydrolysate. Optimum batch-fermentation conditions were as follows: inoculum amount, 7% (volume ratio); polyurethane foam quantity, 1.0 g/100 mL; 30?C; initial pH, 6.0. Shaking speed was divided into two-phase to accommodate the dissolved oxygen, with 200 r/min at 0~24 h and 150 r/min at 24 h~46 h. The immobilized cells on polyurethane foam carrier have high density and good resistance to inhibitors in the hydrolysates. Average xylitol yield and volumetric productivity of polyurethane foam immobilized fermentation were much higher than the fermentation without immobilization. Corn cob hydrolysates can be directly biotransformed to xylitol without decoloration or ion-exchange treatment. This process can effectively reduce production costs, and it shows broad prospects of applications. Average xylitol yield was 67.6% and xylitol volumetric productivity was 1.92 g/(L?h).

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection of Chuankezhi plus acupoint sticking treatment for bronchial asthma, and provide clinical evidence for the synergy of the two therapies, and explore their synergistic mechanism. Methods: A total of 70 patients were randomized into an acupoint injection plus sticking group and an acupiont sticking group by the random number table, with 35 cases in each group. The treatment took place in July and August. The acupoint injection plus sticking group was treated with acupoint injection and acupiont sticking, while the acupiont sticking group was treated only with acupiont sticking therapy. The treatment course was 4 weeks. After the treatment, the scores of symptom scale in the two groups before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after the treatment were observed. Results: During the treatment, there were 5 dropouts in the acupoint injection plus sticking group with 30 cases remained, and 4 dropouts in the acupiont sticking group with 31 cases remained. Before the treatment, there was no significant difference in the total scores of symptom scale between the two groups. Three months after the treatment, the total scores of symptom scale of both groups were lower than those before treatment, and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (bothP<0.05). In the inter-group comparison, there was no significant difference in the difference values of the scores before treatment and 3 months after treatment (P>0.05). Six months after the treatment, the total scores of symptom scale in both groups were lower than those before treatment, and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (bothP<0.05), so were the differences in the difference values of the scores before treatment and 6 months after treatment (bothP<0.05). Conclusion: Acupoint injection of Chuankezhi plus acupoint sticking or acupoint sticking alone both can improve the symptoms of patients with bronchial asthma. Acupoint injection of Chuankezhi plus acupoint sticking has a higher total effective rate than single acupoint sticking therapy.

On the basis of the summarization about some MPH education experience in Sun Yat-sen University,we make the assumption concerning construction of MPH training quality assurance system ,expound the content and operating mode of this training quality system,and then offer reference for improvement of MPH training quality.

Objective To study of serum level of cortisol and peripheral T lymphocyte subsets state in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. Methods Sixty chronic HBV carriers and ten healthy controls were all enrolled in this present study. Serum expression of cortisel was determined by radioimmunoassay, and also flow cytometry was performed to evaluate peripheral blood T lymphocyte subset. Results Compared with those in normal controls, the serous levels of cortisel in chronic HBV carriers were significantly elevated, while there was no distinct difference in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes(P＞0.05) with the decreased odds of CD4+/CD8 lymphocytes(P＜0.05)and obvious higher proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes(P＜0.05). In comparison between HBeAg positive group and HBeAg negative group, the serous levels of cortisol of the former group were significantly higher(P＜0.05), and so proportion of CD8+ T was too(P＜0.05). However, there is no significant differences in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocyte (P＞0.05). Conclusion The elevated serum cortisol and increased CD8+ T lymphocytes subsets in the chronic HBV carriers, suggested that there was disturbance of endocrineimmune response in the chronicity of HBV infection.

OBJECTIVETo study of serum level of cortisol and peripheral T lymphocyte subsets state in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers.

METHODSSixty chronic HBV carriers and ten healthy controls were all enrolled in this present study. Serum expression of cortisol was determined by radioimmunoassay, and also flow cytometry was performed to evaluate peripheral blood T lymphocyte subset.

RESULTSCompared with those in normal controls, the serous levels of cortisol in chronic HBV carriers were significantly elevated, while there was no distinct difference in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes ( P > 0.05) with the decreased odds of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes( P < 0.05) and obvious higher proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes( P < 0.05). In comparison between HBeAg positive group and HBeAg negative group, the serous levels of cortisol of the former group were significantly higher ( P < 0.05), and so proportion of CD8+ T was too ( P < 0.05). However, there is no significant differences in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocyte ( P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe elevated serum cortisol and increased CD8+ T lymphocytes subsets in the chronic HBV carriers, suggested that there was disturbance of endocrine-immune response in the chronicity of HBV infection.

Adult ; Carrier State ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; immunology ; Male ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology

Objective To study on the relationship of serum vitamin E and liver pathological features in the patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Sixty-six patients with chronic hepatitis B and ten healthy controls were enrolled in this present study. The serum vitamin E level was measured spectrophotometrically. Comparisons of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA level were conducted among different liver pathological features including inflammatory grading and fibrosis staging. Results Compared with healthy controls, the serum level of vitamin E was significantly decreased in the patients with chronic hepatitis B, especially in those with elevated ALT activity. In comparison between HBeAg positive group and HBeAg negative group, the serum level of vitamin E of the former group did not significantly changed (P 0.05). Furthermore, the serum level of vitamin E has been demonstrated to be negatively associated with the inflammation grading in the patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, there was no significant association between the serum vitamin E and liver fibrosis staging. Conclusion Vitamin E, as one of the important anti-oxidants, was demonstrated to be implicated in the progression of liver inflammation in the patients with chronic hepatitis B. Furthermore, the supplement of vitamin E would be a potential therapy for attenuate the inflammatory response.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate therapeutic effect of acupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10) on infantile malnutrition.

METHODSMulticentral, randomized, controlled and single blind test was adopted. 222 infants of malnutrition were divided into an acupuncture group (n=110) and a medicine group (n=112). The acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Sifeng (EX-UE 10), once each week, for 4 times; and the medicine group were treated with oral administration of Yiqi Jianpi Oral Liquid, twice each day, one ample each time, for 4 weeks. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by improvement of symptoms and signs in the syndrome cumulative score scale, and changes of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), pre-albumin (PA), hemoglobin and red-cell count.

RESULTSTwo hundred and twenty-two cases were enrolled in the 4 centers and 212 cases completed the test. The acupuncture group in improvement of appetite, body weight, subcutaneous fat thickness of the abdomen, etc. were superior to the medicine group (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in improvement of the body height. There was no significant increase of serum IGF-I level in the two groups, and the acupuncture group in increase of PA was superior to the medicine group (P < 0.05). After treatment, hemoglobin and red-cell count increased significantly in the treatment group (P < 0.01), and hemoglobin increased significantly in the medicine group.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10) has obvious therapeutic effect on infantile malnutrition.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Appetite ; Humans ; Infant Nutrition Disorders ; Single-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the clinical features and follow-up of newborns with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy ( HIE) , and to provide the basis for rational diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.Methods Clinical data of cases of HIE from the Neonatal Department of our Hospital from January 2011 to October 2014 were studied retrospectively. The data of general information, laboratory examination, treatment, outcome, follow-up and prognosis of the patients were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to study the influential factors of the prognosis of HIE.Results A total of 123 infants with sever HIE were enrolled in our study. In addition to general therapy, 6 cases were treated with mild hypothermia, and 21 cases were treated with high pressure oxygen. 60 cases improved our treatment, 55 cases had withdrawal treatment with parental consent, and 8 cases died. Single factor analysis showed that 5 minutes Apgar score, convulsions, coma, pH, BE, organ injury, and mild hypothermia treatment were the risk factors that affect the prognosis of severe HIE. Multiple factors analysis showed that 5 min Apgar score <3 points ( OR=4. 071 ,95℅CI 1. 309-15. 613 ) and BE≤-10 mmol/L ( OR=36. 810, 95℅CI 5. 913-41. 119) were independent risk factors of prognosis of severe HIE ( P<0. 05). Hospitalization within the first 72 hours of life ( OR=0. 096, 95℅CI 0. 096-0. 353) was a protective factor of severe HIE. Multiorgan injury ( mainly the injury of brain, lung and heart) and electrolyte imbalance ( mainly hypocalcemia and hyponatremia ) were common complications of serve HIE. In the follow-up of these patients, 33 cases were loss in follow up, and 49 cases died (8 cases died during hospitalization, 41 cases died after withdrawal of treatment). The top five causes of death were abandonment of treatment due to financial reasons and the fear of adverse outcome (n=20), multiple organ dysfunction ( n =16 ) , and pneumothorax ( n =4 ) , diffuse intravascular coagulation (n=6), and shock (n=3). 41 cases survived were followed up for 9~54 months. The critical clinical conditions observed among these infants included cerebral palsy ( n = 5 ) , epilepsy ( n = 3 ) and developmental retardation(n=26).Conclusions There are many complications of severe HIE.The mortality of severe HIE is high, and the incidence of poor outcome of survivors is also high. Timely detection of risk factors is the key to the prevention of severe HIE. Long-term prognosis of severe HIE requires proper organization of neonatal follow up.

China ; epidemiology ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Geographic Information Systems ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Malaria ; epidemiology ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; epidemiology