Objective: To explore therapeutic effect of pitavastatin on young and middle-aged patients with hyperlipidemia complicated carotid plaques and its influence on vascular endothelial function. Methods: A total of 126 young and middle-aged patients with hyperlipidemia complicated carotid plaques [carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) ＞ 1. 5mm]were selected, and were randomly divided into no lipid lowering treatment group (n=62) and pitavastatin group (n=64). Flow-mediated dilation of brachial artery (FMD), carotid IMT and blood lipid levels before and 12 months after medication, and incidence rate of adverse events were recorded and compared between two groups. Results: Compare with before treatment and no lipid lowering treatment group after treatment, there was significant rise in FMD [(6. 70±2. 10) ％, (6. 60±2. 35) ％ vs. (8. 90±3. 60) ％], and significant reductions in levels of total cholesterol [(6. 05±1. 40) mmol/L, (5. 67±1. 90) mmol/L vs. (4. 05±1. 20) mmol/L], triglyceride [(2. 18± 0. 72) mmol/L, (2. 08±0. 68) mmol/L vs. (1. 77±0. 65) mmol/L]and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [(4. 65±1. 50) mmol/L, (4. 41±1. 36) mmol/L vs. (2. 01±1. 30) mmol/L]in pitavastatin group, P＜0. 05 or＜0. 01; there were no significant changes in IMT in two groups. No obvious adverse reaction was found in pitavastatin group. Conclusion: Pitavastatin can significantly improve lipid levels and vascular endothelial function in young and middle-aged patients with hyperlipidemia complicated carotid plaques.

Objective:To explore the value of changes of plasma amino acids in the diagnosis of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by Citrin deficiency (NICCD).Methods:A total of 144 infants diagnosed with cholestasis and undergoing blood tandem mass spectrometry in Jiangxi Children′s Hospital From January 2016 to December 2018 were studied.They were divided into 3 groups: NICCD group(11 cases), biliary atresia group (BA group, 40 cases), and Cholestatic Cytomegalovirus hepatitis group (CMV group, 93 cases). The plasma amino acids and biochemical results of the 3 groups were compared, and the data of the 3 groups were statistically analyzed by Kruskal- Wallis test.The items with statistical discrepancy were examined by Mann- Whitney test between groups. Results:Compared with BA group and CMV group, the levels of arginine(Arg), methionine(Met), tyrosine(Tyr), citrulline (Cit), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ratio(AST/ALT) in NICCD group increased significantly, while the level of alanine(Ala) decreased.The above discrepancy were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The Arg, Met, Tyr, Cit, AST/ALT, and Ala levels of NICCD group were 68.518(19.714, 108.470) μmol/L, 111.724(42.156, 214.585) μmol/L, 104.394(75.642, 146.086) μmol/L, 165.664(119.874, 291.327) μmol/L, 3.17(1.97, 3.98), and 140.297(112.052, 184.015) μmol/L, respectively.The Arg, Met, Tyr, Cit, AST/ALT, and Ala levels of BA group were 29.470(10.739, 48.124) μmol/L, 32.938(24.918, 44.013) μmol/L, 78.244(66.814, 94.479) μmol/L, 23.698(19.450, 27.714) μmol/L, 1.54(1.23, 1.95), and 244.246(214.554, 295.729) μmol/L, respectively.The Arg, Met, Tyr, Cit, AST/ALT, and Ala levels of CMV group were 16.507(8.220, 28.566) μmol/L, 30.997(23.739, 37.183) μmol/L, 76.120(64.004, 86.290) μmol/L, 21.272(17.040, 24.111) μmol/L, 1.19(0.96, 1.48), and 228.468(191.131, 260.056) μmol/L, respectively.In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve of Ala, Arg, Met, Tyr, Cit and AST/ALT in diagnosing NICCD were 0.886, 0.770, 0.906, 0.745, 0.999, and 0.887, respectively. Conclusions:The changes of plasma amino acids provides a basis for early diagnosis of NICCD.Elevated Arg, Met, Tyr, Cit and decreased Ala have high diagnostic value of NICCD.Combined with the degree of biochemical changes, plasma amino acids can help with clinical diagnosis of the disease and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

OBJECTIVETo observe the protective effects of safflor Injection (SI) and extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) and investigate its mechanism.

METHODSIn vivo rabbit model of LIRI was reconstructed. Forty rabbits were randomly and equally divided into four groups: sham-operation group (sham group), ischemia-reperfusion group (model group), ischemia-reperfusion plus SI group (safflor group) and ischemia-reperfusion plus EGB injection group (EGB group). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in serum were measured. The wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) of the lung tissue and activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also tested. Ultrastructure change of the lung tissue was observed by the electron microscope. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSIn the model group, MDA and XO increased and SOD decreased in serum compared with the sham group (P<0.01). The values of W/D, MPO and ICAM-1 of the model group were higher than those of the sham group (P<0.01), but those of the safflor group and EGB group were significantly lower than those of the model group (P<0.01). The IHC demonstrated that ICAM-1 expression in lung tissue of the model group was significantly higher than those of the safflor group (P<0.01). Compared with safflor group, in the EGB group MDA, XO, MPO decreased, SOD and ICAM-1 expression increased (P<0.05), but the change of W/D was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSI and EGB may attenuate LIRI through antioxidation, inhibition of neutrophil aggregation and down-regulation of ICAM-1 expression. But EGB had more effect on the antioxidation, while SI did better on regulating ICAM-1 expression.

Animals ; Female ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Injections ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Lung ; blood supply ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion Injury ; blood ; drug therapy ; Safflower Oil ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Xanthine Oxidase ; blood

OBJECTIVETo discuss the specificity of diseases treated by moxibustion and fire needling in clinical practice, so as to provide references for clinical treatment.

METHODSWith data mining of modern computer technique, journal and literature databases regarding moxibustion and fire needling were established, respectively. Literature regarding moxibustion and fire needling for the past 60 years has been collected, screened, included, reviewed and abstracted. The utility rate of moxibustion and fire needling in each department was calculated, frequency of diseases in clinical practice was summarized, and diseases which had differences in clinical practice in each department were screened; also the advantages of disease categories and clinical practice between two kinds of therapies in each department were compared.

RESULTS(1) The utility rate of moxibustion was highest in department of internal medicine and surgery, which were 43.6% and 28.1%, respectively; the utility rate of fire needling was highest in surgery and dermatological department, which were 53.7% and 23.8%, respectively. (2) According to the comparison and analysis on diseases treated by two therapies in clinic, among 26 kinds of gynecology diseases that were treated by moxibustion, 20 kinds were not involved with fire needling; among 22 kinds of pediatrics diseases that were treated by moxibustion, 20 kinds were not involved with fire needling. It was certain that the difference of the two therapies in clinical application was more significant in gynecology and pediatrics than that in the rest four departments. (3) Among the diseases which had differences in clinical practice in each department, the ones involved with moxibustion alone were insomnia, distention and fullness, consumptive fatigue in the department of internal medicine, blood-vessel Bi, stiff neck and hernia in surgery department, urticarial, skin Bi and skin cancer in dermatological department, malposition, infertility and amenorrhea in gynecology department, diarrhea, indigestion and stomachache in pediatrics department, blepharoptosis, blurred vision and dryness syndrome in ENT department; the ones involved with fire needling alone were numbness, coldness syndrome and acute renal colic in the department of internal medicine, lipoma, soft tissue injury and papilloma in surgery department, bromhidrosis, freckle and erysipelas in dermatological department, uterine fibroid in gynecology department, umbilical polyp in pediatrics department, auricle pseudocyst, starred nebula and phlegmatic mass in ENT department.

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion is frequently applied in department of internal medicine and surgery, while fire needling is frequently used in surgery and dermatological department; the application of moxibustion is broader than that of fire needling in gynecology and pediatrics department. Among the diseases which have differences in clinical practice in each department, moxibustion is commonly seen for clinical symptoms featured with deficiency syndrome, while fire needling is commonly applied for the diseases that have obvious local symptoms.

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Data Mining ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the specific efficacy of different moxibustion techniques in treatment of common diseases and clinical indications, and compare the specificity in clinical indications and efficacy among different moxibustion techniques so as to guide clinical practice better.

METHODSThe modern computerization and data mining technology were adopted to set up moxibustion literature database. The relevant literature of moxibustion techniques in recent 60 years were collected, screened, examined, extracted and analyzed statistically so as to explore the advantages of different moxibustion techniques in clinical treatment.

RESULTS(1) Of 2,516 literature, moxa stick, moxe cone and moxa device were used in the highest frequency in internal medicine department, for 730 times, 278 times and 102 times respectively. The warm needling technique was used in the highest frequency, for 70 times in the surgical department. (2) In the dermatology department, the curative rate with moxa cone was the highest, 75%. In the ear-nose-throat department, the warm needing technique and moxa device achieved the highest curative rate, 49% for both of them. In the internal medicine department and surgical department, the curative rate of warm needling technique was 53% and 58% respectively. In the gynecology department, the curative rate of moxa device was the highest, 59%. In the pediatrics department, the curative rate of moxa cone was the highest, 80%. (3) The numbers of priority disorders, frequency ≥20 times: 24 kinds of disease for moxa stick, five kinds of disease for moxa cone, 2 kinds of disease for warm needling technqiue and one disorder for moxa device. Facial paralysis, diarrhea, lumbar and leg pain and elbow and knee swelling pain were of the highest priority, treated with these 4 moxibustion techniques, with a certain of literature research values. (4) The warm needling technique achieved the better efficacy on elbow and knee swelling pain, lumbar and leg pain and diarrhea compared with the other three techniques and the curative rate was higher. The moxa device tecnique achieved the higher curative rate for facial paralysis compared with the other three techniques.

CONCLUSIONThrough the comparison of application frequency, curative rate, clinical application frequency in disorders and the efficacy of priority disorders in the treatment with different moxibustion techniques, it is found that moxa stick, moxa cone and moxa device are simple in manipulation, safe and effective. Hence, they can be extensively used in the treatment of common disorders in every department in clinic. The warm needling technique acts on the body by the co-work of needling and warming stimulation of mugwort. It achieves the particular effect on the disorders with complicated etiologies compared with the other three techniques. It can be chosen in priority for the disorders caused by blockage in meridian and collateral and stagnation of qi and blood.

Clinical Trials as Topic ; Data Mining ; Humans ; Meridians ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect and safety of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) combined with double pulse therapy with methylprednisolone (MP) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) in the treatment of children with severe Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN). METHODS: A total of 60 children with severe HSPN who were admitted to the hospital from January 2014 to March 2018 were enrolled and were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group (n=30 each). In addition to routine treatment, the children in the control group were given MP+CTX pulse therapy. Those in the observation group were given DFPP treatment in addition to the treatment in the control group, with three courses of treatment in total. After three courses of treatment, the two groups were compared in terms of 24-hour urinary protein, urinary microproteins, renal function parameters, adverse reactions, and clinical outcome. RESULTS: After three courses of treatment, the observation group had significantly greater reductions in 24-hour urinary protein, urinary albumin, urinary immunoglobulin G, urinary β2-microglobulin, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen than the control group (P<0.05). After the treatment ended, the observation group had a significantly shorter time to achieve remission than the control group (P<0.05). No serious adverse reactions, such as hemorrhagic cystitis, thrombocytopenia, and hemolysis, were observed, and there was no significant difference in the overall incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared with MP+CTX pulse therapy alone in the treatment of severe HSPN in children, DFPP combined with MP+CTX pulse therapy can further alleviate renal injury and improve clinical outcome and does not increase the incidence rate of adverse reactions.
Child ; Glucocorticoids ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Nephritis ; Plasmapheresis ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch

Objective The aim of this experiment was to explore the effect and mechanism of intestinal microbiota on shaping the growth performance by fecal microbiota transplantation from pigs to pseudo-germ-free mice. Methods Thirty-six barrows with a similar initial body weight of 30 kg were raised for 42 days(ad libitum)within individual metabolic cages. Feed intake and body weight of each pig were recorded every week to calculate the feed conversion rate and average daily gain. At the end of the experiment,feed conversion ratio and average daily gain were integrated to divide the pigs into 3 groups, namely, high growth performance(HP), moderate growth performance(MP)and low growth performance(LP)groups. Feces were collected to calculate the total intestinal nutrient digestibility and prepare for fecal microbiota transplantation to pseudo-germ-free mice, which were induced with several antibiotics for four weeks. Fecal microbiome structure was assayed by profiling V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results Fecal microbiota transplantation from pigs to pseudo-germ-free mice resulted in reappearance of the original phenotype. Compared with the LP pigs, the microbial species richness and microbial diversity in feces were higher in the HP pigs. The HP pigs had improved digestibility of gross energy(P =0.01)and higher abundance of Methanobrevibacter. Enterococcus and Akkermansia were also more abundant in the recipient pseudo-germ-free mice from the HP pigs which may be correlated with a high energy utilization. Conclusions Fecal microbiota transplantation from pigs to mice results in reappearance of the original phenotype and microbial species richness,microbial diversity,and their growth ability. Different nutritional metabolism is shown among pigs with different feed efficiency and the HP pigs have improved energy utilization(P=0.01). At the same time, the bacteria correlated with high energy utilization are more abundant in feces of HP pigs than in LP pigs.

Kidney is the main target organ of uranium after acute and chronic ingestion. Due to the lack of reliable biomarkers in the study of uranium-induced renal injury, the epidemiological data are not enough to quantify the effects of uranium on human health, and it leads to the inconclusive and inconsistent research results. This paper is focused on the analysis on research progression of domestic and foreign biomarkers of renal injury in uranium drinking water residents, uranium occupational exposure population and Gulf War veterans. The indicators including small molecular proteins and enzymes that reflect the damage of proximal and distal tubules and glomerular, such as β_2-microglobulin, α-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, micro albumin, kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, alkaline phosphatase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, etc. It is suggested that molecular epidemiology should be applied to long-term cohort studies, and molecular biological detection and analytic techniques should be combined with cohort data information to clarify the dose-effect relationship of biological indicators.

OBJECTIVES: To study the etiology and clinical features of children with ascites, so as to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of ascites in children. METHODS: The medical data of the children with ascites, who were hospitalized from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Among the 165 children with ascites, the male/female ratio was 1.53:1, and the mean age of onset was (6±4) years. The causes of ascites included surgical acute abdomen (39 children, 23.6%), infectious diseases (39 children, 23.6%), neoplastic diseases (27 children, 16.4%), hepatogenic diseases (18 children, 10.9%), pancreatitis (10 children, 6.1%), cardiogenic diseases (8 children, 4.8%), rheumatic immune diseases (6 children, 3.6%), and nephrogenic diseases (5 children, 3.0%). According to the age of onset, there were 33 infants, 24 young children, 30 preschool children, 41 school-aged children, and 37 adolescents. Surgical acute abdomen and hepatogenic diseases were the main causes of ascites in infants (P<0.05). Neoplastic disease was the leading cause in young children (P<0.05). Infectious diseases were the most common cause in adolescents (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Surgical acute abdomen, infectious diseases, neoplastic diseases, and hepatogenic diseases are the common causes of ascites in children, and there are some differences in the leading cause of ascites between different age groups.
Abdomen, Acute/complications* ; Adolescent ; Ascites/etiology* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Communicable Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neoplasms/complications* ; Pancreatitis/complications* ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To screen the MYBPC3 gene mutations in Han Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( HCM ). Methods Sixty-six patients with HCM were enrolled for the study. The exons in the functional regions of MYBPC3 were amplified with PCR and the products were sequenced. Results Four novel mutations and four common polymorphisms were identified in this patient cohort. A Lys301fs mutation in exon10 was evidenced in a H30, and when he was 47 years old, he had the chest tightness, shortness of breath with septal hypertrophy of 18. 7mm; a Asp463stop mutation in exonl7 was detected in a H48, he was 24 years old 24-year-old when a medical examination showed ventricular septal hypertrophy of 15.4 mm; both Gly523Arg mutation in exonl8 and Tyr847His mutation in exon26 were found in a H53 with onset age 36 years old, feeling chest tightness after excise and his ventricular septal hypertrophy was 27 mm that time. MYBPC3 mutatons occurred in 4. 5% patients in this cohort. These mutations were not found in 100 non-HCM control patients. Conclusion MYBPC3 mutation is presented in a small portion of Han Chinese patients with HCM.