The research status is reviewed on taxonomic position, ecology, biological active matter and artificial cultivation of Shiraia bambusicola. Following problems are presented: whether there are new species and host specificity of Shiraia bambusicola. Since the artificial cultivation of stroma of Shiraia bambusicola has not been success, Shiraia bambusicola is in situation of emerge of itself and perish of itself so that it is not beneficial to resource protection and continual utilization of this medicinal fungus. It is pointed out that molecular biology of Shiraia bambusicola should be further researched and technology of artificial cultivation of Shiraia bambusicola should be explored in order to exploit and usage of Shiraia bambusicola.

Objective To observe the effect of ciclosporin(CsA) treatment on children with refractory nephrotic syndrome(NS).Met-hods Combination treatment of CsA[3-5 mg/(kg?d)] and prednisone were given 55 cases with refractory NS,in which including steroid-dependent NS(SDNS) 3 cases,steroid-resistant NS(SRNS) 22 cases,frequent-relapses NS(FRNS) 30 cases.Concentration of CsA was maintained 100-200 ng/L.Course of treatment was 10 months,the dose was tapered gradually in 4 months.Scr,BUN,Alb,ALT,Ccr,Chol,24 hours urine protein quantitation was measured before and after CsA treatment.Side effect of CsA was observed at the same time.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results Forty-one cases(74.5%) were complete remission,6 cases(10.9%) were partial remission,total effective rate was 85.5%.Remission rate was 97.6% in simple type NS,50.0% in nephritis type NS,100% in SDNS and FRNS groups,63.6% in SRNS group.In group minimal change disease(MCD),the remission rate was 100.0%,while 60.0% in group mesangial prolife-rative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN),and 42.9% in group focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS).Fifteen cases(31.9%) relapsed when the dose of CsA was tapering.The adverse effects included hairiness(55 cases),gum hypertrophy(16 cases),hypertension(9 cases),gastroi-ntestinal tract reaction(8 cases),but no obvious nephric adverse effects were observed during the treatment process.Conclusion CsA is safe and effective on refractory NS children,especially to those with SDNS,FRNS and MCD.

Objective To analyze the incidence and related factors of acute radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent three-dimensional conformal ra-diotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy. Methods From January 2006 to October 2008, 90 NSCLC pa-tients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics and treatment plan parameters from dose-volume histogram (DVH) were analyzed. Results Grade 1, 2,3, 4 and 5 RP was found in 32.2%, 30.0%, 5.6%, 0% and 1.1% of the patients. Primary tumor loca-tion was the only significant clinical factor in univariate analysis. And significant differences were found when the groups was divided by the mean lung dose (MLD) of 17 Gy, V_(5) of 47% ,V_(10) of 36% ,V_(20) of 24%,V_(30) of 23% and V_(40) of 22%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed the MLD was the only independent predictive factor of RP. Conclusions Some factors may contribute to the RP. MLD should be set below 17 Gy in three-dimensional conformal radiation, especially when the tumor locates in the lower lobe.

Objective To study on the regulation of muihidmg resist-ance in MCF-7 cells after transfecting(small interfering RNA)siRNA targeted on MRP.Methods Small interfering RNAs(siRNA)targeted on MRP were transfected into MCF-7 cells.then the expression level of the MRP mRNA and protein was determined,the cellular sensitivity to cheomotherapeuties was detected.Results After siRNA interfering.the level of MRP mRNA and protein was decreased,meanwhile,the tumor cells'sensitivity to cheomotherapeuties obviously increased.Conclusion To some extent.the muhidmg resistance of MCF-7 cell line Was reversed.

cycles.

Objective To investigate the significance of the serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10),IL-13,IL-15 of patients with chronic hepatic failure and the correlation between those inter- leukin levels and nosocomial infections.Methods The serum levels of IL-10,IL-13,IL-15 of 58 patients with chronic hepatic failure were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immu- nosorbent assay at the time of admission and 2 weeks after admission.Results The serum levels of IL-15 and the propotion of IL-15/IL-10 and IL-15/IL-13 in patients with chronic hepatic failure group at the time of admission were significantly higher than those in healthy control group[(358.16?290.91) ng/L vs (38.55?21.49) ng/L,12.93?14.26 vs 1.10?0.55,98.55?97.5.5 vs 9.70?5.03,respectively,all P=0.000].Those in death group were significantly higher than those in improving group[(479.93v205.52) ng/L vs (244.51?236.29) ng/L,17.65?17.78 vs 8.53?7.98,130.69?115.50 vs 68.55?65.99,respectively,all P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between IL-4 gene polymorphism and cholelithiasis in Chinese population.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction combined with restriction enzyme digestion was used to detect the polymorphism of IL-4 gene in 81 cholecystolithiasis, 41 patients with biliary duct stone.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences of the IL-4 gene polymorphism genotypes and alleles between 81 cholecystolithiasis patients (CC11.1%, CT34.6%, TT54.3%; C28.4.7%, T71.6%). There were significant differences of the IL-4 gene polymorphism genotypes and alleles between 41 patients with biliary duct stone (CC48.8%, CT36.6%, TT14.6%; C67.1%, T32.9%).

CONCLUSIONSThe C589T polymorphism of IL-4 gene was not associated with cholecystolithiasis patients in Chinese, but was related to patients with biliary duct stone in Chinese.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cholecystolithiasis ; ethnology ; genetics ; Choledocholithiasis ; ethnology ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics

BACKGROUNDDiffusion weighted imaging with background suppression (DWIBS) is potentially useful in detecting metastatic lymph nodes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of DWIBS at 3T magnetic resonance (MR) for diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes in cervical cancer.

METHODSThis retrospective study included 25 patients with cervical cancer who underwent MR examination and were treated by hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy. The metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were histologically proven by operation. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, long-axis diameters, short-axis diameters, ratio of short- to long-axis diameters of all the identifiable lymph nodes were measured and compared.

RESULTSTwenty-five primary tumor lesions, 17 metastatic lymph nodes and 140 non-metastatic lymph nodes were pathologically confirmed in 25 cases with cervical cancer. The difference of ADC values between primary tumor lesions, metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were statistically significant (F = 7.93, P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between primary tumor lesions of cervical cancer and metastatic lymph nodes (t = -0.75, P = 0.456), and the difference between primary tumor lesions and non-metastatic lymph nodes was statistically significant (t = 4.68, P < 0.001). The ADC values, long-axis diameters, short-axis diameters, ratio of short- to long-axis diameters of metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were (0.86 ± 0.36) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s vs. (1.12 ± 0.34) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, (1.51 ± 0.41) cm vs. (1.19 ± 0.36) cm, (1.16 ± 0.35) cm vs. (0.77 ± 0.22) cm, 0.78 ± 0.17 vs. 0.68 ± 0.19 respectively, and statistically significant difference existed between two groups.

CONCLUSIONSDWIBS at 3T MR has the distinct advantages in detecting pelvic lymph nodes of cervical cancer. Quantitative measurement of ADC values could reflect the degree of restriction of diffusion of metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes. The combination of size and ADC value would be useful in the accurate diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To explore the impact of cognitive training on cognitive function of the elderly in a community. Methods Ninety elderly people at and above sixty years old in a community of Shanghai were recruited in the study, and were divided into two groups: the cognitive training group and the control group.The cognitive training group conducted cognitive training for 12 weeks (24 times), a comprehensive training method incorporating cognitive training courses with Lumosity ( a brain functional exercise software) .The two groups were evaluated before and after the intervention with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale ( MoCA) . Results Before the intervention, the scores of four fields ( i.e. visual space and executive function, naming, delayed recall, and directional force) and the total score for the cognitive training group were higher than the control group ( P <0 .05 );there was no statistically significant difference in other three fields ( i.e.attention, language ability and abstract ability) between the two groups (P>0.05).After the intervention, the scores of four fields (i.e.visual space and execu-tive function, attention, abstract, delayed recall) and the total score for the cognitive group improved, compared with the control group ( P<0 .05 ) . Conclusion Cognitive training could improve or maintain cognitive function for the elderly in the community.

OBJECTIVETo study the techniques and therapeutic effects of endovascular stent-graft exclusion in aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm.

METHODSThe clinical data of 20 cases with aortic dissection and(or) dissecting aneurysm were analysed. Stanford A dissection was found in 2 cases, in which one had a tear entry on ascending aorta. Stanford B dissection was found in 18 cases. Five patients had two or more tear entries in different sites. Endovascular polyester-covered stent-graft exclusion was performed in all cases, of which, one case was also given fenestration and graft replacement and one subjected to Y graft bypass from ascending aorta to the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery before endovascular stent-graft exclusion.

RESULTSNo one died in operation. One patient died of heart infarction on the third day after operation. During the followup of 1 - 20 months, 19 patients were alive well (95%). The aortic dissections and(or) dissecting aneurysms of all the patients disappeared without endoleaks and organ or limb ischemia.

CONCLUSIONEndovascular stent-graft exclusion with high successful rate, low mortality and high survival rate, is simple, safe and effective in treating aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm.

Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome