Pseudorabies is an important infectious disease for many kinds of livestock and wild animals, and causes important economics losses for pig industry. Many kinds of vaccines including attenuated live viruses or inactivated are widely used for vaccination of pigs and other animals. In the present review, research advances on pseudorabies new-type vaccines such as subunit vaccine, DNA vaccine, recombination vaccine, deletion-mutant vaccine is presented and point out the further development of the vaccine.

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of iodine of pregnant and lactating women in coastal and inland areas of Zhejiang province,and to provide scientific basis for iodine supplementation.Methods In 2009,five coastal cities,five coastal counties and three inland areas from Zhejiang province were selected by the cluster sampling method,and one sub-district(township) was randomly selected in each city (county),then one community (village) was randomly selected in each sub-district (township).Thirty pregnant women,thirty lactating women and fifty children aged 8 - 10,were randomly selected in each community(village) as the investigation objects to collect instant urine samples to detect urine iodine,and to collect thirty resident edible salt and some water samples to detect salt iodine and water iodine,if the numbers of water source were more than 5 then 1 water sample was collected by their location of east,south,west,north and center in each community(village),otherwise,the numbers of water samples collected were equal to the number of community (village).Results The medians of salt iodine of coastal city,coastal county and inland area were 28.42,25.29,and 33.24 mg/kg,respectively,and the medians of water iodine correspondingly were 5.41,11.52,and 2.80 μg/L,respectively.The medians of urinary iodine of pregnant and lactating women in Zhejiang province were 148.72 and 161.34 μg/L,respectively,which were less than that of children aged 8 - 10(231.02 μg/L,Z =8.57,8.24,all P ＜ 0.017).The medians of urinary iodine in pregnant women from different areas were ranked in order as inland areas(211.42 μg/L),coastal counties (150.51 μg/L) and coastal cities (123.33 μg/L,Z =2.80,5.31,2.42,all P ＜ 0.017),and in lactating women,the medians of urinary iodine in inland areas( 197.43 μg/L) was higher than that in coastal cities( 139.64 μg/L,Z =4.03,P ＜ 0.017).Conclusions The overall levels of iodine nutrition in lactating and pregnant women in Zhejiang province are in the appropriate level,but that of the pregnant women in the coastal cities is inadequate.

Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Dimethylformamide ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male

Objective To establish a method for rapidly detecting the G-protein ?3 subunit (GNB3) 825 site single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and to analyse the relationship between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity. Methods The real-time fluorescent PCR was employed to analyse the GNB3 825 site gene SNP of 420 samples from 21 provinces and the the frequencies of genotypes were compared with those detected by gene sequencing. GNB3 825 site genotype, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat content were examined from 207 subjects and the correlation between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity was analysed. Results The result by real-time fluorescent PCR showed that the frequencies of 825T and 825C haploid were 46.90% and 53.10%, respectively, and the frequencies of 825TT, 825TC and 825CC genotype were 22.38%, 51.42% and 28.10%, respectively, with no other genotype detected, which was consistent with the result by gene sequencing. BMI and fat content were significantly higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT than in subjects with other genotypes. Body weight was much higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT genotype than in subjects with 825CC genotype, but not significantly different with 825CT genotype. Conclusion A new rapid method for the detection of GNB3 825 site SNP has been successfully established. There existed significant correlation between GNB3 825TT genotype and obesity.

Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Dimethylformamide ; adverse effects ; Formamides ; analysis ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Kidney Diseases ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; urine ; Kidney Function Tests ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Diseases ; physiopathology ; urine ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure

Objective To evaluate the dietary iodine intake level of population in coastal and inland areas of Zhejiang province.Methods The cluster sampling method was applied to select Zhoushan,Ningbo and Taizhou cities from Zhejiang province as coastal areas,to select Jinhua,Quzhou and Lishui cities from Zhejiang province as inland areas,and two counties(districts) were randomly selected in each chosen city,three sub-districts(towns) were randomly selected in each chosen counties (districts),then one community (village) was randomly selected in each chosen sub-districts(towns).Adult residents aged greater than 18 were selected as investigation subjects,their dietary iodine intake in the past 24 hours was investigated,and the Food composition table” was inquired to get the data of dietary iodine intake.One hundred copies of residential edible salt samples and drinking water samples in each of the selected community (village) were collected to detect salt iodine and water iodine by direct titrimetric and spectrophotometric method,respectively.Results The mean of adult residents' dietary iodine intake in Zhejiang coastal area was 267.76 μg/d,which was less than that in inland area (429.05 μg/d,t =- 6.90,P ＜0.05),and the means of adult residents' dietary iodine intake from drinking water,laver and fish(5.75,69.72,5.61 μg/d,respectively) in coastal area were higher than those in inland areas(3.25,35.27,3.43 μg/d,respectively,t =21.73,3.92,4.08,all P ＜ 0.05),however,the means of adult residents' dietary iodine intake from salt,kelp and other food (166.81,3.04,16.82 μg/d,respectively) in coastal areas were less than those in inland areas (355.15,6.14,25.81 μg/d,respectively,t =- 8.76,- 5.49,- 18.56,all P ＜ 0.05).In coastal areas,the proportion which was less than estimated average requirement of iodine(EAR,120 μg/d) was 46.48％ (1029/2214),the ratio which was higher than the maximum tolerable intake of iodine(UL,1000 μg/d) was 3.34％ (74/2214),and the average contribution rate of dietary intake of iodine in salt was 62.30％(166.81/267.76).While in inland areas,the corresponding proportions were 7.61％ (171/2246),2.80％ (63/2246) and 82.78％ (355.15/429.05),respectively.Conclusions The dietary iodine intake in Zhejiang inland areas has reached the recommended nutrient intake levels of the Chinese Nutrition Society,but there is a certain degree of insufficient iodine intake in population of the coastal areas.

Objective To learn the status of iodine nutrition and the goiter of children and pregnant woman in Zhejiang Province after the iodine salt concentration adjustment.Methods The proportionate to population size sampling was applied to select 30 surveillance areas in Zhejiang Province,and iodine nutritional status were evaluated by 4 indicators that include goiter rate in 8 -10 years old children,urine iodine,iodized salt and water iodine.Results The iodine content of 1 565 edible salt samples collected from the above children was measured,and the iodine median(P25 -P75 )was 23.30 (21.00 -25.80)mg/kg.The coverage of iodized salt rate was 88.43%,and 95.88% iodized salts was qualified.The qualified iodized -salt ingesting rate was 84.79%.The iodine content of children aged 8 -10 years old and pregnant woman was tested,and iodine median (P25 -P75 )was 171.99 (113.00 -243.89 ),134.14 (82.10 -202.98)g/L respectively.The iodine content of 66 water samples were randomly collected from the surveillance areas to be tested,and iodine median(P25 -P75 )was 2.42(1.17 -6.28)μg/L.The proportion less than 10 g/L was 87.9%.The goiter status of 1 565 children were examined by B -type of ultrasonic,and the prevalence of goiter was 4.98%.Conclusion After the iodine salt concentration adjustment,the status of iodine nutrition in children was in optimum level,but the level of iodine nutrition in pregnant women was less than the state,which should be paid more attention.

Objective To assess the changes on the whole night polysomnography (PSG) in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS). Methods The whole night PSGs were recorded from 24 patients with CFS and 33 normal subjects. Results Compared with normal subjects, patients with CFS showed significantly reduced total sleep duration ([488.7?21.7]min vs [515.9?31.7]min, P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the iodine nutrition level of population in Zhejiang province and to analyze the relevant influencing factors from 2009 to 2011.

METHODSFrom October 2009 to October 2011, a total of 19 517 subjects were recruited in this cross sectional survey, by multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. The subjects were all living over three years in Zhejiang province. The basic information and life styles were interviewed by questionnaires; and the samples of drinking water, edible salt and urines were separately collected from the subjects to test the content of iodine. In total, 16 228 subjects answered the questionnaire, and 265 samples of drinking water, 7811 samples of edible salt and 19 517 samples of urine were collected. Then, we analyzed the distribution of iodine in water, edible salt and urine samples, as well as the relevance.

RESULTSThe median (25% - 75% percentile) of water iodine was 2.42 (1.17 - 6.28) µg/L in drinking water among Zhejiang residents; while separately 2.79 (1.60 - 6.87) µg/L in city and 2.04 (1.03 - 5.29) µg/L in country side (Z = 2.07, P < 0.05). The figures turned out to be 2.17 (1.22 - 5.73) µg/L, 2.77 (1.88 - 6.87) µg/L, and 1.40 (0.77 - 5.65) µg/L, respectively, in coastal areas, coastal periphery areas and inland areas (χ(2) = 11.16, P < 0.05). The median (25% - 75% percentile) of salt iodine was 28.80 (22.93 - 32.40) mg/kg; while separately 29.00 (24.50 - 32.60) mg/kg and 28.50 (13.90 - 32.29) mg/kg in city and country side (Z = 6.32, P < 0.05). The figures turned out to be 25.19 (0.00 - 30.20) mg/kg, 29.00 (26.60 - 31.70) mg/kg and 32.40 (28.94 - 36.30) mg/kg, respectively, in coastal areas, coastal periphery areas and inland areas (χ(2) = 1581.62, P < 0.05). The coverage rate of iodized salt was 79.54% (6213/7811) in all province. The urinary iodine median was 160.74(97.20 - 247.00) µg/L, while the urinary iodine median in pregnant women was 137.99 (82.40 - 215.30) µg/L, lower than the recommended optimal levels, which was 150 - 249 µg/L. The figures turned out to be 153.45(92.00 - 237.50) µg/L in city and 168.00 (102.18 - 257.00) µg/L in country side (Z = -9.25, P < 0.05); while in coastal, coastal periphery place and inland areas, the median were separately 156.00 (94.29 - 242.80) µg/L, 150.14 (94.70 - 227.00) µg/L and 187.70 (109.00 - 276.80) µg/L (χ(2) = 194.12, P < 0.05). The analysis of relevance between urine iodine, water iodine and iodized salt showed that the urine iodine would increase as long as the iodized salt increased; and the difference had statistical significance (χ(2) = 440.88, P < 0.01). And there were no relevance between urine iodine level and the water iodine level (χ(2)cmh = 0.57, P = 0.45). The analysis of the influencing factors showed that education background (χ(2) = 14.17, P < 0.05), different styles of career (χ(2) = 16.15, P < 0.01) and diet habits (χ(2) = 108.63, P < 0.01) could influence the level of urine iodine.

CONCLUSIONIodine was deficient in Zhejiang province. The nutrition level of iodine was fine in Zhejiang in 2009, however, the coverage rate of iodine was commonly low in coastal areas, especially the pregnant women suffered from iodine deficiency. In our study, the factors influencing the urine iodine level included iodized salt, age, education background and diet habits.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drinking Water ; analysis ; Female ; Goiter, Endemic ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Iodine ; analysis ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; analysis ; urine ; Young Adult

Objective To understand the current status of iodine nutrition among the community residents to compare the level of iodine nutrition in different areas and groups of populations in Zhejiang province.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was adopted and residents from twenty-two communities in Zhejiang province were selected.A cross-sectional survey was conducted,using questionnaires,laboratory tests,on urinary iodine,water iodine and the concentration of the iodine in salt,which had played positive roles in the calculation of the level of iodine nutrition.Results Results of the iodine nutrition in this cross-sectional survey were as follows:the median water iodine and salt iodine of Zhejiang were 2.42 μg/L and 28.8 mg/kg,respectively.The coverage of iodized salts was 79.54％,with the ingesting rate of qualified iodized-salt as 76.65％ and the median content of urinary iodine in the population of Zhejiang was 161 μg/L.The average iodine content among pregnant women was 138 μg/L,with the percentage of samples less than 100 μg/L as 25.92％,more than 300 μg/L as 15.30％.The proportions of iodine intake through water,salt and other foods were 1.70％,76.41％ and 21.89％,respectively.Conclusion The status of iodine nutrition in Zhejiang province in general seemed to be appropriate,but the level of iodine nutrition in pregnant women was less than the requirement,which should call for attention.