Objective To study immunoresponse of SD rats to different dosages of Nogo66 vaccine,and then select the best vaccination concentration.Methods Nogo-66 peptide vaccine plus complete and imcomplete Freund's adjuvant were prepared in concentrations of 50?g/300?l,100?g/300?l,200?g/300?l,400?g/300?l and 800?g/300?l.The vaccines of different concentrations were used to immunize SD rats weekly for 8 weeks,and either complete or imcomplete Freund's adjuvant alone was used as control.Blood was drawn from caudal vein of rats weekly after the first immunization,and the titer of serum special IgG antibody was measured by ELISA.Two animals of every group were sacrificed every four weeks,and the spleens were harvested,and erythrocytes were removed with hypotonic saline.The proliferation rate of the cultured spleen T cells was determined with MTT.Meanwhile the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) was evaluated for all experimental animals.Results The antibody titer of serum specific IgG of all experimental groups elevated quickly since the 4th week after vaccination,and reached the top value at the 8th week,and it then kept stable for 10 weeks.The IgG antibody titer in 200?g/300?l group was significant higher than that in other experimental groups(P

Objective To study the safety and effectiveness of anterior chamber paracentesis,combined with antiglaucomatous medications,in the intraocular pressure control and relief of symptoms of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG).Methods Totally 327 patients with first attack of acute PACG who were admitted in our hospital during July 2000 and October 2006 were collected in this study,and were divided into 2 groups according to whether receiving anterior chamber paracentesis or not(paracentesis group and control).Their clinical data such as sex,age,intraocular pressure(IOP) and visual acuity before hospitalization,types and times of administration of IOP drugs before and after operation,preparative time for operation and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 94 out of 327 patients receiving anterior chamber paracentesis,who had faster intraocular pressure control(2.37?1.63 d vs 2.75?2.01 d),and lesser types and dosages and shorter times of IOP drugs,shorter therapeutic time after paracentesis,shorter time to prepare operation,lesser postoperative complications [shallow anterior chamber,12 cases(12.77%) vs 57 cases(24.46%)] and better visual acuity than control.Anterior chamber paracentesis more than one time didn't increase the risk of complications.Conclusion Anterior chamber paracentesis is safe and effective in controlling the intraocular pressure and eliminating symptoms in acute PACG.

Objective We aimed to evaluatd the effect of oral nursing with oral washing on patients with peroral endotracheal intubation and discuss the appropriate oral nursing method for patients with patients with peroral endotracheal intubation. Methods We chose 150 patients with indwelling peroral endotracheal intubation after neurosurgery and divided them into the control group (73 cases) and the test group (77 cases). The test group received oral nursing with oral washing while the control group with routine oral nursing method. We compared the incidence of halitosis, the moist degree of oral cavity and the amount of the tooth fungus spot between the two groups. Results The incidence of halitosis and the amount of the tooth fungus spot in the test group were lower than those of the control group; The moist degree of oral cavity in the test group was higher than that of the control group, P<0.01. Conclusions Oral washing could effectively control halitosis, keep oral cavity moist and prevent the formation of tooth fungus spot.

To build a reversed phase ion-pair chromatography to determination content of Dencichine from Panax notoginseng. Using Tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide ions by the combination of reagent and HPLC method without derivatization to test the content of dencichine directly. The optimum conditions of supersonic extraction were solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 20, Continuous ultrasonic extraction: twice, each time 15 minutes; 3,500 r · min⁻¹, then centrifuging 15 minutes. Dencichine in different age, place, part and the different Processing mode were examined. The method is simple with sound separation degree and stability, which can facilitate the determination of dencichine content directly and provide the basis in quality standard of raw material.
Amino Acids, Diamino ; analysis ; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

BACKGROUND: Raman spectrum, compared with conventional detection technologies, is a rapid, non-invasive and label-free optical method. Its application has become an issue of concern in biomedical research. However, further studies are warranted to optimize the acquisition condition of Raman spectra from different stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of the wavelength of laser and the groove frequency of gratings to obtain the optimized parameter combination for Raman spectrum collection in human stem cells. METHODS: Using human mesenchymal stem cells as samples, the effects of different laser wavelengths (532, 38,785 nm) and different grating groove frequency (600, 1200, 1800 gr/mm) on Raman spectra were compared respectively. Then the different combinations of the wavelength and groove frequency were used and compared in terms of the spectra resolution and acquisition time, and the best acquisition condition was selected and applied in a comparison study on the Raman spectra from human mesenchymal stem cells and human embryonic stem cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The wavelengths of lasers and groove frequencies of gratings showed compound impacts on both the spikes at different wavenumbers and the ratio between spikes; the combination of 785 nm and 1200 gr/mm was confirmed to be the best spectrum features for human mesenchymal stem cells. The comparison of Raman spectra from human mesenchymal stem cells and human embryonic stem cells implies that the embryonic stem cells contain higher nucleic acids than the mesenchymal stem cells, while the mesenchymal stem cells appear to contain more proteins and lipids.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria/the drug resistance/the correlated risk fators/the prophylaxis control strategy of the severe craniocerebral injury patients combined with intracranial infection .Methods The clinical data of 35 craniocerebral injury patients with intracranial infection were retrospectively analyzed .Results 35 patients′cerebrospinal fluid were separated and 54 pathogenic bacterium had been cultured ,including G+ bacterium(61 .11% ) ,the G - bacteria(33 .33% ) , fungi(5 .56% ) .The pathogenic bacteria showed a higher resistance .The single factor analysis found that the wound itself exists in-fection factors ,the postoperative drainage of incision ,liquorrhoea ,with other basic diseases ,surgery lasted for a long time (>4 h) reoperative ,surgery is placed foreign body is severe craniocerebral trauma combined with intracranial infection were the main rele-vant factors .The total effective rate was 62 .86% ,and the mortality was 11 .43% by the positive therapy .Conclusion G+ bacteria were the main pathogenic bacterium in the severe craniocerebral injury patients combined with intracranial infection .The iatrogenic factors leaded to the increase of the proportion of intracranial infection and the resistance increased year after year .The clinical in-travenous antibiotics combined intrathecal injections were beneficial to control intracranial infection ,shorten the course of treatment and enhance the curative effect .

Objective To assesse the quality of life of patients after cardiac pacemaker implantation using the Chinese version of SF-36.Methods Ninety-eight patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation were investigated before and after the operation in terms of quality of life by using the Chinese version SF-36.Results Successful surgery was performed on all the 98 patients.The previous symptoms of the patients were improved to vari- ous extend after the operation.The quality of life of the patients was significantly improved after operation as demon- strated by the significant difference of the scores in 9 domains of SF-36 when compared with those before the operation (P

Quality control is one of the key scientific tissues in the modernization of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). In order to overcome the deficiencies of assessment indexes, including little systematization and quantification, as well as loose association with clinical efficacy and dosage, a new integrated method named controllability pyramid ( CP) is first proposed in this paper. In addition, some study cases are used to explain how this model is constructed. We hope the establishment of CP could promote the clinical-orien- ted integrated innovation research of TCM, and provide control strategy and technology examples for improving the quality of Chinese medicines and clinical efficacy.
China ; Drug Evaluation ; methods ; standards ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control

Good medicinal herbs, good drugs. Good evaluation method and indices are the prerequisite of good medicinal herbs. However, there exist numerous indices for quality evaluation and control in Chinese medicinal materials. However, most of these indices are non-interrelated each other, as well as having little relationship with efficiency and safety. The results of different evaluatior methods may not be consistent, even contradictory. Considering the complex material properties of Chinese medicinal materials, single method and index is difficult to objectively and comprehensively reflect the quality. Therefore, it is essential to explore the integrated evaluation methods. In this paper, oriented by the integrated evaluation strategies for traditional Chinese medicine quality, a new method called integrated quality index (IQI) by the integration of empirical evaluation, chemical evaluation, and biological evaluation was proposed. In addition, a study case of hypertoxic herb Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. was provided to explain this method in detail. The results suggested that in the view of specifications, the average weight of Jiangyou aconite was the greatest, followed by Weishan aconite, Butuo aconite, Hanzhong aconite, and Anxian aconite; from the point of chemical components, Jiangyou aconite had the characteristic with strong efficacy and weak toxicity, next was Hanzhong aconite, Butuo aconite, Weishan aconite, and Anxian aconite; taking toxicity price as the index, Hanzhong aconite and Jiangyou aconite have the lower toxicity, while Butuo aconite, Weishan aconite, and Anxian aconite have the relatively higher one. After the normalization and integration of evaluation results, we calculated the IQI value of Jiangyou aconite, Hanzhong aconite, Butuo aconite, Weishan aconite, and Anxian aconite were 0.842 +/- 0.091, 0.597 +/- 0.047, 0.442 +/- 0.033, 0.454 +/- 0.038, 0.170 +/- 0.021, respectively. The quality of Jiangyou aconite is significantly better than the others (P < 0.05) followed by Hanzhong aconite, which is consistent with the traditional understanding of genuineness. It can be concluded that IQI achieves the integrated control and evaluation for the quality of Chinese medicinal materials, and it is an exploration for building the good medicinal herbs standards. In addition, IQI provides technical supports for the geoherbalism evaluation, selective breeding, the development of precision decoction pieces, high quality and favourable price in market circulation, and rational drug use.
Aconitum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards