To analyze and compare the protective effects of active components in different ethyl acetate extracts (EAEEPs) from Eclipta prostrate, in order to study the comparison of materials bases protecting normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. The MTT assay was taken to compare the protective effect of different EAEEPs on cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) -induced NHBE cells. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was applied to analyze the content of phenolic acid, coumaric grass ether and flavonoid in EAEEPs. According to the results, all of the eight EAEEPs (0-200 mg x L(-1)) showed certain protective effect on NHBE cells, with statistical difference. Specifically, the total mass of EAEEP VII (89.15 mg x L(-1)) and EAEEP VIII (57.44 mg x L(-1)), which showed the strongest activity, was not the highest, while EAEEP III (132.25 mg x L(-1)) displayed the highest total mass. In the combination with the "component structure" theory, the analysis showed a significant difference in the mass structure among phenolic acid, coumaric grass ether and flavonoid in EAEEP VIII and EAEEP VIII, which were 1.0: 1. 0: 0.5 and 1.0: 1.9: 0.8, respectively. The results suggested a specific optimal "component structure" relationship may exist in EAEEP, which could provide reference for the material base study and quality control.
Bronchi ; cytology ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Eclipta ; chemistry ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Protective Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of allergic rhinitis in primary and middle school students in Changsha so that to provide the scientific basis for the disease control and intervention. METHOD: From June 2011 to April 2012, we randomly chose primary and middle school students aged from 10 to 17 years old in Changsha as our research objects. Through stratified sampling and cluster sampling, we carried out epidemiological investigation using questionnaire investigation, physical examination and skin prick test. After statistical analysis of the data,we explored the related risk factors. RESULT: (1) 7,023 copies of questionnaire were sent out and 6,407 copies of valid questionnaire were received in the stratified sampling survey. The prevalence of complaining about having got allergic rhinitis is 44.6% while the real rates is 20.5%; (2) 814 research objects were investigated in cluster sampling survey. The result of the incidence of allergic rhinitis is 26.3%, and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis is 17.2%. Analysis of Visual Analog Scale Questionnaire showed significant influence of allergic rhinitis on students character, memory, sleep quality, etc. CONCLUSION The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in primary and middle school students aged at 10-17 years old in Changsha is 17%-20%. The occurrence and development of allergic rhinitis is related to environment, genetic background and living habits. Allergic rhinitis influenced the students' character, memory and sleep quality significantly.
Adolescent ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Coke ; Fatty Liver ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors

Objective To develop an effective and broad immune protective H5N1 vaccine.Methods We first developed two recombinant vaccinia ( Tiantan strain) virus ( rTTV ) based H5N1 vaccines, which consisted of bicistron expressing the hemagglutinin(HA) and matrix protein 2(M2), or bicistron expressing the neuraminidase(NA) and matrix protein 1 (M1). The expression of H5N1 protein in rTTVs was confirmed. We immunized the BALB/c mice twice with two kind of dose ( 104 PFU, 107 PFU)using different combination. Subsequently, we assessed the humoral and cellular immune response in vaccinated mice. Results Our data showed that rTTV-based H5N1 vaccine induced rapidly robust HA- and NAspecific antibody level and IFN-γ secreting form cell(SFC) with either single dose of 107 PFU or twice dose of 104 PFU or 107 PFU. We also detected significant neutralizing antibody and matrix-specific immune response. In addition, we found that immunization with two kind of rTTV-based H5N1 vaccines induced much high level of M2-specific antibody than that with single of rTTV-based H5N1 vaccine. Conclusion rTTVbased H5N1 vaccines in this study elicited board array of immunity and our study offers a promising alternative H5N1 vaccine candidates with favorable potential to prevent various H5N1 pandemic.

OBJECTIVETo establish a HPLC-based method for simultaneous determination of 2 classes of compounds (flavonoids and chromones) and 6 their effective components,(including prin-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl- 5-O-methylvisamminol, quercetin, sec-o-glucosylhamaudol and formononetin), in Yupingfeng Decoction.

METHODSHPLC-based separation of the agents was performed on Agilent Extend-C(18) column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) at 25 degrees with the mobile phase of MeOH-1% acetic acid water solution (gradient elution), flow rate of 0.8 ml/min and detection wavelength of 254 nm.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONHPLC allowed simultaneous quantitative determination of the 6 components in Yupingfeng Decoction, and they showed good linear relationships when their sample amount ranged 90-1810 ng, 97-1940 ng, 190-1906 ng, 105-3144 ng, 88-2625 ng and 109-3279 ng, respectively, with correlation coefficients all beyond 0.9999 and average recovery rates of 98.2%, 99.1%, 97.3%, 97.8%, 98.8% and 99.2%, respectively. This simple and convenient method accommodated a broad linear range with high sensitivity and precise and reproducible results.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromones ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; Quercetin ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results

Objective To investigate the effect of admission requirement questionnaire on improving diabetes mellitus patients' satisfaction with hospitalization.Methods 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from January to December in 2011 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,each with 60patients.The control group received conventional admission evaluation table and nursing care in department of Endocrinology,while the observation group was evaluated with admission requirement and received individualized care according to the results of admission requirement questionnaire.Two groups' satisfaction with hospitalization was compared on their discharge.Results Scores of satisfaction with health education,service quality and attitude,and nursing skill of the observation group were (4.33 ± 0.60),(4.50 ± 0.68 ) and (4.25 ±0.57),which were significantly higher than those of the control group [ (4.02 ±0.70),(4.18 ±0.54)and (4.03 ±0.61 )],and the difference were statistical significant (t =2.656,2.841,2.009,respectively; P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in their satisfaction with hospital environment between two groups [ (4.07 ±0.41) vs (3.92 ±0.53) ;t =1.74,P＞0.05].Conclusions The application of admission requirement questionnaire can improve type 2 diabetes mellitus patients' satisfaction with hospitalization,thus worthy of clinical popularization.

OBJECTIVETo improve the outcome of the face-lift with a craniofacial contouring procedure.

METHODSThirty-seven patients aged 29-53 years (31 in female, 6 in male) were treated through a bicoronal incision. The facial tissue was lifted through a subperiosteal procedure and the facial skeleton was remodeled in three dimensions by osteotomies.

RESULTSThe results were satisfactory after the 3-12 months of the follow-ups.

CONCLUSIONSThe Face-lift combined with the facial aesthetic sculpturing may be more effective for the aging-face rejuvenating.

Adult ; Esthetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rhytidoplasty ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the transfection of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 with recombinant plasmid pSilencer4.1-CMV neo-hTERT-siRNA and its silencing effects.

METHODSPancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 transfected with recombinant plasmid pSilencer4.1-CMV neo-hTERT-siRNA were selected as target and divided into five groups: (1) T1 group (pSilencer4.1CMV neo-hTERT1-siRNA), (2) T2 group (pSilencer4.1CMV neo-hTERT2-siRNA), (3) Lipofectamine (Lipofectamine), (4) mismatch group(pSilence4.1CMV, as negative control), (5) cell control group(without transfection). The expression of hTERT mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. The viability of cells was measured by MTT method. The cell cycle and cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of telomerase protein was measured by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with Lipofectamine group, negative control group and cell control group, the expression of hTERT-mRNA and telomerase protein in cells was downregulated significantly(P<0.05), the viability of BxPC-3 cells was decreased significantly (P<0.05), the ratio of cells in G0/G1 stage was increased, the ratio of cells in S stage and G2/M stage was decreased, and the ratio of apoptotic cells was increased significantly in T1 group and T2 group.

CONCLUSIONRecombinant plasmid T1 and T2 can downregulate the expression of hTERT mRNA and telomerase protein in BxPC-3 cells , and has good RNAi silencing effects. T1 and T2 can also inhibit the growth of BxPC-3 cells, block the cell cycle, promote the apoptosis of cells, and has anti-pancreatic cancer effects in vitro.

Apoptosis ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; Plasmids ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Telomerase ; genetics ; Transfection

Abdomen ; surgery ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Shoulder Pain ; etiology ; Visual Analog Scale

OBJECTIVETo compare the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in patients with chronic appendicitis.

METHODSTwo hundred twenty- four patients were divided into laparoscopic group (n=98) and open appendectomy group (n=126) according to individual willing. Prospective non- randomized study was performed to compare the operative time, operative bleeding, hospitalization time, the discovery and management concerned in operation. Abdominal pain in these chronic appendicitis cases was followed up.

RESULTSThe operative time was (54.8+/-21.8) min in open group and (51.8+/-18.0) min in laparoscopic group (t=0.80,P > 0.05). The operative bleeding was (18.6+/-23.3) ml in open group and (9.8+/-4.7) ml in laparoscopic group (t=3.13, P < 0.05). The hospitalization time was (8.9+/-5.3) d in open group and (6.8+/-3.0) d in laparoscopic group (t=2.66,P < 0.05). Twenty- five cases had abdominal adhesion in laparoscopic group, including 9 cases of adhesion around appendix, 6 cases of adhesion between ileocecum and anterior or lateral abdominal wall, 4 cases of adhesion between epiploon and abdominal wall or intestines, 6 cases of adhesion around colon and others. All adhesion had been dissected. Fourteen cases adhesion around appendix had been discovered in 126 cases of open group and dissected (chi(2) =7.95,P < 0.05). In follow- up research, 24 cases still had chronic abdominal pain in 98 case of open group, and 9 cases had chronic abdominal pain in 87 of laparoscopic group, the difference was significant (chi(2)=6.29,P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe laparoscopic appendectomy possesses more advantages in treating chronic appendicitis and can decrease the incidence of chronic abdominal pain after operation.

Abdominal Pain ; etiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Appendectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Appendicitis ; surgery ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult