Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Mast-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastocytosis, Cutaneous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastocytosis, Systemic ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Radiography ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Spleen ; pathology ; surgery ; Splenectomy ; Tryptases ; metabolism

Objective To study the toxic effects of 5-amionlevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) and peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), and furthermore, to understand the possible causes of this response. Methods We used MTT assay to detect the survival rate of PBMCs, CBMCs and PBSCs after treated by ALA-PDT under the optimum experiment conditions with U937 as control;Annexin V-FITC/PI was used to detect the pattern of cell death induced by ALA-PDT. By using flow cytometry, we detected intracellular PpIX fluorescence intensity. Results After ALA-PDT treatment the survival rate of PBMCs had no significant change;however in PBSCs and CBMCs, the survival rate reduced to 70%, and the survival rate of leukemia cell U937 was the lowest, about 30%. After incubation with ALA,except for PBMCs, intraceUuiar PplX fluorescence intensity of the other two kinds of normal haemocytes and U937 increased obviously. These results combined with the flow cytometry suggested that the main pattern of cell death here was apoptosts. Conclusion Under the optimum experiment conditions, ALA-PDT has a slight effect on normal haemocytes but excellent depletions of leukemia cells. Therefore, it can effectively purify autologons bone marrow or stem cell grafts.

Objective To study the effect of clarithromycin on the phar-macokinetics of bicalutamide in rabbits .Methods Six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group and test group , with 3 rabbits in each group.The control group was given bicalutamide 50 mg by gavage.The test group was given bicalutamide 50 mg +cla-rithromycin 250 mg by gavage , and blood samples were collected at di-fferent time points.After 3 weeks, a crossover test was performed.Bi-calutamide plasma concentration was detected by HPLC .The pharmacoki-netic parameters of bicalutamide were calculated using DAS 2.0 softwareand statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software.Results The AUC0-∞of the test and control groups were ( 217.57 ±60.74 ) and (175.39 ±16.64) mg· L-1· h, MRT0-∞were ( 65.76 ±4.81 ) and (62.82 ±3.09)h, t1/2were (53.14 ±9.02) and (48.67 ±5.51) h, Cmax were ( 3.47 ±1.14 ) and ( 2.85 ±0.34 ) mg · L-1, CL/F were (0.24 ±0.05)and (0.29 ±0.03)L· h-1.AUC0-∞, t1/2, and Cmaxwere not statistically different (all P>0.05).MRT0-∞and CL/F were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusion Clarithromycin reduces the clearance rate of bicalutamide in rabbits and prolongs the average residence time.

Based on single factor tests,the optimum vacuum belt drying conditions of Qibai Pingfei granule were obtained through Box-Benhnken central combination design and RSM. In this study, drying time, drying temperature and extract density were chosen as independent variables, while transferring rate ginsenoside Rg₁, Re, Rb₁and astragaloside IV were taken as dependent variables. The optimum parameters are as follows: drying time of 112 min, drying temperature of 87 °C and extract density of 1.30 g · mL⁻¹. At the optimum condition, transferring rate ginsenoside Rg₁+ Re, Rb₁and astragaloside IV were 88.01%, 87.31%, 84. 34%. Above all, the optimum processing parameters of vacuum belt drying of Qibai Pingfei granule is reasonable and feasible, which can provide reliable basis for production.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Desiccation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Temperature ; Vacuum

Objective To evaluate the application of curved cutter stapler(Contour TM)in the anterior resection of rectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 57 patients of rectal cancer， who received anterior resection with the curved cutter stapler during the period between November 2005 and August 2006，were analyzed retrospectively.Of the 51 cases who received double stapling technique anterior resection.Of the 6 patients who underwent Hartmann procedure.Results Among above 51patients，41 patients(80.4％)were uhralow anastomosis and no local recurrence occurred.Anastomotic leakage was found in 1 patient，anastomotic bleeding occurred in 3 patients and rectovaginal fistula in 2.In the 6 patients who received Hartmann's procedure，the average distance from cutting and closing line to anal verge was 2.8 cm.Conclusion The ContourTm curved cutter stapler is superior in the anus-preserving surgery of lower rectal cancer when compared with linear stapler.

Objective To evaluate the application of curved cutter stapler(Contour TM)in the anterior resection of rectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 57 patients of rectal cancer， who received anterior resection with the curved cutter stapler during the period between November 2005 and August 2006，were analyzed retrospectively.Of the 51 cases who received double stapling technique anterior resection.Of the 6 patients who underwent Hartmann procedure.Results Among above 51patients，41 patients(80.4％)were uhralow anastomosis and no local recurrence occurred.Anastomotic leakage was found in 1 patient，anastomotic bleeding occurred in 3 patients and rectovaginal fistula in 2.In the 6 patients who received Hartmann's procedure，the average distance from cutting and closing line to anal verge was 2.8 cm.Conclusion The ContourTm curved cutter stapler is superior in the anus-preserving surgery of lower rectal cancer when compared with linear stapler.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between DNA homologous recombination (HR) repair genes RAD51-G135C/XRCC3-C241T polymorphisms and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with recurrent chromosome translocation.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from bone marrow cells of 625 de novo AML patients and peripheral blood cells of 806 patient family members and 704 unrelated volunteers. Genotypes of RAD51-G135C and XRCC3-C241T were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Cell lines with genotypes differed from XRCC3-C241T were selected and irradiated in vitro. The CBFβ-MYH11 fusion gene was detected by TaqMan real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe XRCC3-C241T variant (C/T + T/T) showed 6.22-fold and 6.99-fold increase in the risk of developing the AML with inv(16)/t(16;16)/CBFβ-MYH11 as compared with the volunteer and family member controls respectively; the RAD51-G135C homozygote-type (C/C) variant showed 0.87-fold (P = 0.010) and 1.15-fold (P = 0.001) respectively increase in the risk of this subtype AML. In the irradiated group, the CBFβ-MYH11 mRNA level in HL-60 cells was 59.49 times increased than that in KG1a cells. However, the RAD51-G135C and XRCC3-C241T variants had no correlations with the risk of development of t(15;17)/PML-RARα(+)AML, t(8;21)/AML1-ETO(+) AML and 11q23 AML subtypes.

CONCLUSIONThe XRCC3-C241T variant and the RAD51-G135C homozygote-type significantly increase the risk of the development of AML with inv(16)/t(16;16)/CBFβ-MYH11.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; etiology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Rad51 Recombinase ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic ; Young Adult

Objective:To discuss the topical action characteristics of the biological transmission of moxibustion heat via temperature collection and numerical modeling.Methods:Temperature of moxibustion was measured at multiple points at a distance of 3 cm to obtain the moxibustion temperature field nephograms by the high-accuracy temperature measure array.Finite element analysis was used to imitate the three-dimensional dynamic distribution of temperature in acupoint tissues.Results:Through numerical analysis,the one-dimensional,two-dimensional and three-dimensional distributions of temperature in human acupoint tissues at 5 min of moxibustion were established.The result showed that moxibustion heat mainly transmitted from the surface of the tissue to the internal,and the influence of moxibustion heat decreased with the depth of the tissue.The analysis of the nephograms of acupoint tissue temperature at 5,10,15 and 20 min of moxibustion showed that with the increase of the moxibustion time,the temperature in acupoint tissues constantly rose,and the transmission depth of moxibustion heat also further expanded inside acupoint.Conclusion:By establishing the three-dimensional dynamic model of heat transmission inside acupoint tissues with the biological parameters of human tissues and the temperature values obtained,this study used finite element analysis software ANSYS 14.0 and discovered the rules in the transmission of heat in body tissues during moxibustion,and the features in moxibustion heat transmission (from the proximal to the distant) and heat penetration (from the surface to the internal).This study provides theoretical and experimental support for the application of moxibustion in clinical practice.

2-(4-Methylthiazol-5-yl) ethyl nitrate hydrochloride (W1302) is a nitro containing derivative of clomethiazole, which is a novel neuroprotective agent with both carbon monoxide (NO) donor and weak γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA_A) receptor allosteric regulatory excitatory effect. The current study used a rat model of transient middle cerebral arteryocclusion (tMCAO) brain injury to evaluate the therapeutic effect of W1302 on ischemic stroke and explore its potential mechanisms of action. This experiment has been reviewed and approved by the Laboratory Animal Management and Use Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (ethical review forms No. 620, 632, 5013). The results showed that gavage administration of 1, 3, and 10 mg·kg^-1 of W1302 can significantly reduce the volume of cerebral infarction in rats with ischemia for 2 h and reperfusion for 24 h, and the therapeutic effect was better than that of 200 mg·kg^-1 of DL-3n-butylphthalide. W1302 significantly increased NO levels in blood and brain tissue. It increased cerebral blood flow and brain adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content after reperfusion, as well as, inhibited the expressions of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in brain tissue. The time window of W1302 was between 120-180 min after ischemia. These research results demonstrated that W1302 could increase NO release, dilate blood vessels, and increase cerebral blood flow, improve energy supply to brain tissue and increase ATP levels, and inhibit neuro-inflammation, which playing the protective roles in tMCAO stroke model rats. This provides theoretical support for the clinical application of W1302 in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVETo explore the differences of NKX2.5 and TBX5 gene mutations between in vitro fertilization (IVF) children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and naturally conceived children with CHD.

METHODSBlood samples from 68 IVF children with CHD and 98 naturally conceived children with CHD were collected. The mutations in coding regions 1 and 2 of the NKX2.5 gene, and coding regions 4, 5, and 8 of the TBX5 gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing.

RESULTSAn A-to-G mutation at nucleotide 63 (c.63A>G) in coding region 1 of the NKX2.5 gene was found in both IVF and naturally conceived children with CHD. There were no significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies at c.63A>G locus of the NKX2.5 gene between the two groups. No mutations were detected in coding region 2 of the NKX2.5 gene and coding regions 4, 5 and 8 of the TBX5 gene.

CONCLUSIONSThere is no difference in NKX2.5 and TBX5 gene mutations between IVF and naturally conceived children with CHD. Therefore, it is presumed that assisted reproductive technology may not lead to mutations in the NKX2.5 and TBX5 genes.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; genetics ; Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5 ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mutation ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; genetics