Objective To observe physiological and ultrastructure changes in rabbits breathing various contents of oxygen during exposure to high altitude. Methods Twenty healthy rabbits were randomly divided into air-breathing group, 63% oxygenbreathing group, 83% oxygenbreathing group and pure oxygen breathing group. All rabbits were exposed to an atmosphere corresponding to an altitude of 11 000m in hypobaric chamber for 30min. The amount of air bubble in the heart and ECG of rabbits were recorded, the ultrastructural changes in the heart and brain were examined, and the expression of kidney erythopoietin (EPO) was also observed. Results The amount of air bubbles in the air breathing group was increased remarkably, and most of the rabbits developed arrhythmia. With the increase of oxygen concentration, the changes in ultrastructure were alleviated and the expression of kidney EPO decreased. Conclusion Oxygenconcentration above 80% could provide obvious protection for rabbits during their exposure to high altitude.

Objective To investigate the effects of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the supplementary motor area (SMA) of children with Tourette's syndrome (TS). Methods Thirty TS subjects less than 16 years old were treated with 1 Hz rTMS to the SMA at 110％ of the resting motor threshold (RMT) in 20 daily sessions,receiving 1200 pulses/day.Clinical assessment and physiological measures of the left and right RMT were conducted at different time points during the treatment. ResultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment,statistically significant reductions were observed in assessments with the Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) and in terms of clinical global impression (CGI).Symptomatic improvement was correlated with dramatic increases in both right and left RMTs. ConclusionApplication of 1 Hz rTMS to the SMA can improve the clinical symptoms of TS children.

Objective:To observe different effects of moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Yanglingquan (GB 34) on electrogastrogram (EGG) of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods:A total of 65 cases were randomized into a Zusanli (ST 36) group (n=33) and a Yanglingquan (GB 34) group (n=32) by random serial number, to receive moxibustion therapy to the corresponding point respectively. The 8-lead EGG was used before and after treatment to collect EGG parameter of the gastric body, antrum of stomach, lesser curvature and greater curvature, including the dominant frequency, slow wave percentage, average frequency, response area and motility index. Results:After treatment, the dominant frequency and slow wave percentage were improved in nearly the whole stomach area in Zusanli (ST 36) group, showing statistical significances (bothP<0.05); the slow wave percentage and average frequency were improved in stomach body and antrum of stomach in Yanglingquan (GB 34) group, showing statistical significances (bothP<0.05); moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) had a significantly higher influence on EGG than Yanglingquan (GB 34) , in which the lifting of slow wave percentage was significantly higher than Yanglingquan (GB 34) group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Yanglingquan (GB 34) has the effect of adjusting abnormal EGG pattern in FD patients. Compared with Yanglingquan (GB 34), Zusanli (ST 36) has a superior effect in improving EGG in stomach area.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE To study the characteristic of nosocomial pulmonary infection to find out the measures for prevention and control.METHODS The patients with radiation brain injuries(RIB) from Oct 2004 to Jun 2007 underwent retrospective investigation.The reasons and sites of pulmoary infection were analyzed.RESULTS The incidence of pulmonary infection of patients with RIB after radiotherapy was 68.5%.Major factors of infection were bulb palsy,invasive treatment and hormone usage.The Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens.CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial pulmonary infection is related to many factors.Antibiotic usage according to drug susceptibility results and controlling of the risk factors are important measures to reduce the rate of infection.

AIM: To establish a standard for quality control of Xinfang Biyan Capsule(Radix Saponikovae, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Radix Scutellariae, etc.). METHODS: TLC and HPLC were used. RESULTS: Flos Magnoliae, Radix Saponikovae, Flos Chrysanthemi, Radix Bupleuri in the capsule could be identified by TLC, and baicalin content in the capsule could be measured by RP-HPLC with a linear relatioship at a range of 0.243 ?g- 2.43 ?g(r= 0.999 8 ). The average recovery was 98.15% and RSD was 0.15% . CONCLUSION: The methods are accurate and can be used for the quality control of Xinfang Biyan Capsules.

Objective To investigate the status of the non-psychiatrist' s diagnostic and therapeutic ability of depression/anxiety disorders in 57 General Hospitals.Methods 1 152 non psychiatric clinicians in 57 general hospitals were surveyed.A custom-made questionnaire included the training of mental health-related knowledge which the general hospital physicians received and typical anxiety/depression case analysis.Results Among 1 521 non-psychiatric clinicians,596 (51.74％) clinicians participated the training of psychiatry,562 (48.78％) participated the training of medical psychology and 230(20.97％) clinicians participated the training of Healthy Psychology.In professional setting,59 (5.12％) clinicians participated the training of psychotherapy,255 (22.14％) clinicians had attended related academic symposiums.80(6.94％) clinicians believed that they understand the clinical display of anxiety/depression disorders,52 (4.51％) clinicians expressed the understanding of diagnostic criteria of anxiety/depression disorders and its treatments,while 44(3.82％) clinicians only possessed the knowledge of anxiety/depression disorder treatment.In the typical case analysis,it revealed that 794 (68.89％) clinicians made accurate diagnosis,458(57.68％)clinicians made a choice of medical treatment,764(96.22％) clinicians chose psychotherapy,29 (3.65％) clinicians applied physical therapy,while 438 (55.16％) clinicians combined drug therapy with one or more other therapeutic methods.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the age(P=-0.093,Exp(B)=0.911)and work experience(P=-0.002,Exp(B) =1.080)significantly contribute to the diagnostic accuracy of non-psychiatrists.Conclusion The non-therapeutic psychiatric clinicians in general hospitals have certain basic knowledge of depression/anxiety disorders with lower level of diagnosis and treatment diagnosis and treatment.And there is bigger difference among different hospitals.

ObjectiveTostudytheroleof hotshockprotein (HSP)47in tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1),and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Human proximal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2) were divided into threegroups:control,TGF-β1andHSP47siRNA. Theexpressionsof HSP47, collagenⅣ,fibronectin(FN),plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1) mRNA and HSP47,collagen Ⅳ,FN protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively.PAl-1 protein was detected by ELISA. ResultsHK-2expressedHSP47innormalmedium. ThemRNAandprotein expressions of HSP47 up-regulated in concentration- and time-dependent manner in HK-2 cells induced with increasing concentrations of TGF-β1(0,2.5,5,10 μg/L) and with prolong times (12,24,48 h),and peaked at 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for 48 h.Similar phenomena was observed in the mRNA andproteinexpressionsof collagenⅣ, FN, PAI-1inHK-2 cellsinducedbyincreasing concentrations of TGF-β1 (0,2.5,5,10 μg/L) at different time points (12,24,48 h),and peaked at 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for 48 h.HSP47 siRNA could significantly reduce the up-regulation of mRNA and protein expressions of HSP47,collagen Ⅳ,FN,PAI-1 in HK-2 cells induced by TGF-β1.Conclusion HSP47 can promote renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis maybe through the regulation of the expressions of collagen Ⅳ,FN,PAI-1.

Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Interleukin-11 ; pharmacology ; Male ; Platelet Count ; Thrombopoietin ; pharmacology

Gene Deletion ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Mesothelioma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Pleural Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics