Objective To investigate the causes,diagnostic methods,prevention and cure of postmenopausal bleeding(PMB).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 210 PMB patients admitted in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results The causes for PMB were benign diseases(69.5%),the most of which were infec- tious diseases(49.5%),non-organic disease(20.5%)and malignant tumor(10.0%).Compared with benign diseases and non-organic diseases,the attack age of malignant tumor was higher[(67.1?6.9)years old],menopausal dura- tion was longer(11.6?2.9)years,bleeding duration was longer[(157.6?26.4)days],and mucous membrane was obviously thickened[(14.6?3.2)mm](P0.05).Conclusion The main cause for PMB is benign diseases,followed by non-organic diseases.More attentions should be paid to the PMB patients with higher attack age,longer menopausal duration and bleeding dura- tion,and obviously thickened mucous membrane,so as to be precautions to the occurrence of malignant tumor.

Communicable Diseases ; epidemiology ; transmission ; Environmental Monitoring ; Epidemiologic Factors ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Risk Assessment

Objective To isolate and purify human coagulation factor Ⅶ from Cohn fraction Ⅲ precipitate.Methods The purification procedure of human factor Ⅶ from Cohn fraction Ⅲ precipitate involves dissolving fraction Ⅲ,absorbing factor Ⅶ onto barium citrate and eluting,ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow ion exchange chromatography,and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography.Results 10.1mg purified FⅦ was obtained from 400g Cohn fraction Ⅲ precipitate.The purified FⅦ has a specific clotting activity of 1775.8U/mg and the overall yield of FⅦ specific clotting activity is 17.6% of the starting material.The purity of FⅦ was judged by SDS-PAGE and there was only one protein band on the gel.Conclusion The procedure of purifying Ⅶ from Cohn fraction Ⅲprecipitate is established with satisfactory purity.

Objective To recommend the safety guidelines for workplace violence on health care sector according to the incidents of violence status on medical workplace.Methods A pilot study was conducted using a two-round Delphi method to study out the safety guidelines for hospital violence.Results In two subsequent rounds,the group discussed and screened out 50 entries from 51 items in the six modules as safety guidelines for hospital violence.Conclusions Establishment of safety guidelines for hospital violence on health care sector using Delphi method requires further clinical validation.

Objective To investigate the application value of three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography(3D-PDU) for synovial disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Methods Forty four patients with RA were divided into active (23 cases) and non-active (21 cases) groups. 3D-PDU was used in the wrists to measure the volume of synovium(V) ,vascular index(VI) in synovium.and Doppler spectrum was used to measure synovial artery peak systolic blood flow velocity(PSV) , end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistance index(RI). Results There were significant differences of the V [(1. 73 0. 73) cm3] and VI (9. 53 6. 11) in the group of active patients compared to the V [(1. 09 0. 76) cm3 , P = 0. 008] and VI [(3.86 4.99), P = 0.000] in the ones of inactive patients. No differences were found for PSV [(16. 8 6. 29) cm/s vs (13. 5 8. 54) cm/s, P = 0. 282] ,EDV [(5. 51 1.77) cm/s vs (5. 03 2. 76) cm/s, P = 0. 539] and RI (0. 66 0. 07 vs 0. 62 0. 08, P = 0. 095)in the comparison of two groups. Conclusions 3D-PDU in determining RA disease activity in patients with synovial medium has a higher application value, VI can be used as an effective indicator to determine the disease activity.

Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Child ; Coxa Vara ; Hand Deformities, Congenital ; Humans ; Male ; Synovitis

ObjectiveTo investigate the application value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of shoulder abnormality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).MethodsShoulders of 41 RA patients and 20 healthy volunteers were examined by high frequency ultrasound and physicians.Abnormal ultrasonography and clinical appearance were recorded.Results Abnormalities,such as tendonitis of long head of biceps tendon(14 shoulders),synovitis ( 15 shoulders),rotate cuff degeneration (6 shoulders),bone erosion (25 shoulders) and joint effusion(10 shoulders),were found in RA patients and only 16 shoulders were found abnormal by clinical examination.The positive rate of ultrasound (43.9％) was significantly higher than that of clinical examination (19.5％,P =0.001 ).Only a small amount of effusion was found in tendon sheathes of 2 biceps in the control group.ConclusionsMost of shoulder abnormalities can be detected by ultrasound and the sensitivity of ultrasound is higher than that of clinical examination.Ultrasonography is valuable in the diagnosis of shoulder RA.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of combined traditional Chinese and western medicine for treatment of patients with deep venous thrombosis(DVT)in lower extremity.Methods A retrospective study was conducted. Forty patients with DVT admitted into Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, 20 cases in each group. Conventional therapy was given in both groups. The patients in control group were hypodermically injected with low molecular heparin 3.075 kU, and orally took warfarin sodium; the former injection was terminated on the 3rd day, and afterwards warfarin was solely administered. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the patients in treatment group were additionally treated with Huoxue Tongmai decoction(ingredients: peach kernel 15 g, red paeonia 15 g, honeysuckle flower 15 g, rhizoma alismatis 12 g, semen coicis 30 g, semen plantaginis 9 g, suberect spatholobus stem 12 g, radix scrophulariae 9 g, pawpaw 12 g, radix achyranthis bidentatae 12 g), the formula could be modified in accordance with patients' symptoms and signs, and Jiangjun powder was applied at the lesion externally(ingredients of the powder: rhubarb 250 g, mirabilite 200 g, flour 100 g, vinegar 500 g were mixed to form a smooth paste), once a day, 30 days constituting a therapeutic course and totally 2 courses being taken. The perimeter of the affected limb, visual analogy score(VAS), revascularization rate, curative effect and adverse reaction were observed before and after treatment and compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in treatment group was higher than that in control group〔90.0%(18/20) vs. 70.0%(14/20),P<0.05〕. After treatment, the perimeter of the affected limb in both groups was significantly smaller than that before treatment, the decrease in treatment group being more marked〔the upper leg(cm):46.21±4.80 vs. 53.18±4.45, the lower leg(cm): 32.57±4.26 vs. 36.21±5.01, bothP<0.05〕. TheVAS scores were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment for 1 month, they reached the valley values after treatment for 2 months, the degree of descent being more significant in the treatment group(2.24±0.58 vs. 3.36±0.61,P<0.01). The revascularization rate of the treatment group after treatment was higher than that of the control group〔85.0%(17/20) vs. 70.0%(14/20),P<0.05〕.ConclusionThe combined treatment of traditional Chinese and western medicine was obviously superior to the sole western medicine for treatment of patients with DVT.

To observe the effect of autologous stem cell transplantation in diabetic retinopathy.
●METHODS:Totally 58 cases (116 eyes) who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation were confirmed as no diabetic retinopathy (18 eyes), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (41 eyes), mid-level NPDR (51 eyes); severe NPDR (6 eyes) by ophthalmoscope directly or indirectly and fluorescence fundus angiography (FFA ). Follow - up was 6 - 12mo, the changes of retinopathy were observed.
●RESULTS: The total effective rate of vision and retinopathy was 84. 4%, 76. 7%. The results of severe NPDR was statistically worse than the other groups ( P <0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON: The stable blood glucose level and improved pancreatic function after autologous stem cell transplantation might be helpful in diabetic retinopathy, the long effects need to be researched further.

OBJECTIVEThis review aims to identify the dimensional structure of the shortened dentine hypersensitivity experience questionnaire (DHEQ-15) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

METHODSThe Chinese language version of DHEQ-15 was applied to 210 patients with dentine hypersensitivity aged 18-70 years old. The three-dimensional construct was confirmed by CFA.

RESULTSAll the questionnaires were fully completed. The item "Because of the sensations, I take longer to finish a meal than others" was the most frequently reported by the parents. The modified three-factor model is suitable for the data. The chi-square fit statistics/degree of freedom was 2.213, the goodness-of-fit index was 0.905, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872, the normed fit index was 0.845, the incremental fit index was 0.962, the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.969, the comparative fit index was 0.977, and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.068.

CONCLUSIONSOur findings generally support the three-dimensional construct of the DHEQ-15. Thus, DHEQ-15 can be used as a valid instrument in patients with dentine hypersensitivity in China.