To explore the risk factors of acute kidney injury(AKI)in adult primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS). Totally 185 patients with PNS were divided into AKI group(=51)and non-AKI group(=134).The demographic data and clinical and histological features at admission were compared between the two groups.The independent risk factors for AKI were evaluated by Logistics regression analysis. In 51 PNS patients with AKI,the common pathological types of AKI included minor glomerular abnormalities(29.4%),IgA nephropathy(25.5%),and membranous nephropathy(17.6%).The incidences of renal tubular casts and epithelial vacuoles in the AKI group were significantly higher than those in the non-AKI group(=0.004,=0.030).Males were more likely to suffer from AKI than females(=0.000).Patients in AKI group had significantly lower albumin level(=0.015)and higher levels of random urine protein,serum creatinine,uric acid,urea nitrogen,and triglyceride than non-AKI group(=0.030,=0.000,=0.000,=0.000,and =0.006),and polyserous and oliguria occurred more often in the AKI group(=0.000,=0.002).The AKI group had significantly higher incidences of high blood pressure and infections(=0.035,=0.000).Multivariate logistics regression analysis showed albumin(<25 g/L),serum creatinine(>96 μmol/L),urea nitrogen(≥6.8 mmol/L),uric acid(≥400 μmol/L),diabetes,infection,and renal tubular casts were the independent risk factors for AKI. AKI complicating PNS is associated with a variety of factors.Its independent risk factors include the levles of albumin,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,and uric acid,diabetes,infections,and renal tubular casts.
Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Adult ; Creatinine ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; complications ; Risk Factors

Purpose To report the c1inicopatho1ogica1 characteristics,diagnosis and differentia1 diagnosis of extranoda1 fo11icu1ar den-dritic ce11 sarcoma( FDCS)of the pharyngea1 region. Methods The c1inica1 features,histopatho1ogica1 changes and immunohisto-chemica1 findings were ana1yzed in three cases of FDCS with review of the re1ated 1iterature. Results Case 1,a 70-year-o1d man pres-ented with the comp1aint of a pain1ess mass in pharyngea1 region accompanied by shortness of breath for the past 2 months. Case 2,a 40-year-o1d woman presented with the comp1aint of pharyngea1 foreign body sensation and b1oody sputum for the past 1 month. Case 3, a 38-year-o1d man presented with the comp1aint of intermittent epistaxis for the past 2 months. 3 cases showed simi1ar morpho1ogies:the neop1astic ce11s were ovoid to spind1e-shaped,with indistinct ce11 borders,dispersed granu1ar chromatin,and scattered sma11 nuc1e-o1i. Notab1y,severa1 nuc1ear inc1usions were identified,and rare binuc1ear and mu1tinuc1eated ce11s were a1so present. There were main1y 3 kinds of growth patterns in the tumors:diffuse sheets,fascic1es,and storiform arrangements admixed with sma11 1ymphocytes, which sometimes gathered into a mass. Immunohistochemica11y,tumor ce11s( 3/3 )were strong1y and diffuse1y positive for fo11icu1ar dendritic ce11 markers CD21,CD23 and CD35. Tumor ce11s(3/3)were a1so diffuse1y positive for fascin and D2-40. Some tumor ce11s (1/3)were diffuse1y positive for CXCL-13. Ki-67 pro1iferation index was estimated at 6%-20%. Conclusions Extranoda1 FDCS of the pharyngea1 region is rare and misdiagnosis is frequent1y made. A comprehensive eva1uation of c1inica1 manifestations,patho1ogic features and immunohistochemica1 findings are essentia1 for definitive diagnosis.

Objective:To observe the effect of chitosan on tumor. Methods: Experiments of antitumor in vitro and in vivo were adopted in tumor-bearing mice. Results: Experiment in vitro demonstrated that chitosan had some killing effects on S 180、EAC and H 22 tumor cells, but it did not have directly killing effect on human body liver cancer. Experiment demonstrated that rate of inhibitory tumor was 66.0% or so, and it markedly increased thymus and spleen weights of tumor-bearing mice (TBM), and markedly inhanced the transformation rate of lymphocytes, it had markedly protective effect on thymus and spleen weights and different antagonisfic effect on the decrease in WBC、 neutrophil cell and loss of body weight induced from 5-Fu. Conclusion: Chitosan had more intensive antitumous effect and immunologic function of tumor-bearing mice and antagonisfic effect on bone marrow and immunologic inhibition induced from 5-Fu.

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity of recombinant factor H binding protein(fHBP) by detecting serum antibody titer and serum bactericidal antibody test (SBA).Methods:fHBP sequence was selected and synthesized, connected to plasmid pET43.1a, transformed to Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), and expressed two recombinant fHBP proteins, included two subfamilies, fHBPA and fHBPB. After purification, the recombinant fHBP proteins were immunized to rabbits and mice. The immune antiserum titer and the bactericidal titer to epidemic strains of meningococcal bacteria group B were measured by ELISA and SBA respectively. Results:The antiserum titer of fHBP immunized rabbits was greater than 2.0×10 6, and that of immunized mice was not less than 1.0×10 6. fHBP immunized rabbit serum had bactericidal titer more than 1∶128 to 41 strains A subfamily and 20 strains B subfamily in the SBA against 69 endemic strains, and there was no cross-protection between the subfamily bacteria. The bactericidal titers of mouse serum immunized fHBPA to strains A subfamily such as Nm210902 Nm211009、Nm450522 were 1∶1 024, 1∶608、1∶861, to Nm510703、Nm311304、Nm431002 were 1∶234、1∶861、1∶430 respectively, and mouse serum immunized fHBP B to strains B subfamily Nm311302、Nm311304、Nm431002 were 1∶876、1∶274、1∶1858, all of three strains were positive in bactericidal titers. Conclusions:the titer of fHBP antiserum was higher than 1.0×10 6, the bactericidal titer was no less than 1∶128 to 61 epidemic strains, and it has a 94.2% protective effect on 69 meningococcal epidemic strains group B.

In this paper, five different methods were carried out for DNA extraction directly from soil. The result shows that all five methods could generate DNA with more than 15 kb in size. They were subsequently used as templates for PCR amplification with success, using primers of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and Shiva-1 gene encoding an antibacterial peptide. However, method 5 is more suitable for DNA extraction directly from a small amount of soil sample as it produced a good yield of DNA in high integrity with reliable reproducibility.

Objective To study the value of CT perfusion imaging(CTPI)on brain hemodynamic of the aged with cerebral infarction. Methods The 48 patients who were doubted with cerebral infarction underwent 16-slice CT plain scanning and CTPI within 24 hours of onset. The cerebral blood flow(CBF), mean transit time(MTT)and time to peak(TTP)of contrast-medium in region of interest(FOV)were used as brain hemodynamic parameters in comparation with contralateral regions. All cases were followed up with MRI after 3-10 days. Results Ischemia lesion was found on CT plain scanning in 40.9% of patients, while 93.2% of patients showed abnormal perfusion on CTPI. The sensibility of CTPI in identifying ischemia area was 93.2%, and the specificity was 100%. CBF in research area was significantly reduced, MTT and TTP were remarkably increased in contrast to counterparts(P＜0.01). Conclusions CT perfusion imaging can sensitively reveal the hemodynamic condition of cerebral ischemia, which could provide the important information for early diagnosis and treatment of the elderly with brain infarction.

Pancreatic stellate cell (PSC) activation in islet fibrosis of insulin-resistant rats induced by high-fat diet was investigated. After 20 weeks, the glucose infusion rate and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in high-fat group were significantly decreased while fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, free fatty acid and the basal glucagon secretion were significantly increased compared with those parameters of the control rats (P< 0.05 or P<0.01). Activated PSC and collagen fiber ( type Ⅰ and Ⅲ) were found in islets of rats fed with high-fat. The result suggests that PSC activation, proliferation and migration to islet may contribute to islet fibrosis in insulin-resistant rats.

Cognitive impairment is a common complication of diabetes. Hippocampus plays an important role in cognitive function. In hyperglycemia, synaptophysin, a crucial synaptic vesicle membrane protein in hippocampus neuron is found to be down-regulated. Recent evidences have shown that angiotensin IV can facilitate memory acquisition and recovery. However, whether it can also improve cognitive functions of diabetic rats with cognitive disorder, and the possible mechanisms are uncertain. Hence, the objectives of this study. Forty fi ve Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control, diabetic group and diabetes with angiotensin IV treatment group. The cognitive functions, mainly learning and memory of the rats were evaluated using Morris water maze task. The synapses ultrastructure, relative mRNA concentrations and protein expression levels of synaptophysin in hippocampus CA1 area were estimated using transmission electron microscope, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting, respectively. Our study showed that in the diabetic rats with angiotensin IV treatment, the cognitive impairment as measured by Morris water maze task improved, the ultrastructure of synapses in hippocampus reversed, the relative mRNA concentrations and protein levels of synaptophysin in hippocampus signifi cantly increased, when compared with diabetic rats. We conclude that angiotensin IV plays an important role in improving cognitive function of diabetic rats. The possible mechanisms are up-regulating the expression of synaptophysin and normalizing the ultrastructure of synapses in hippocampus.

Objective:To evaluate the quality of prostate hyperplasia related literature in acupuncture and moxibustion,and to compare the curative effect on prostate hyperplasia between acupuncture and moxibustion and western medicine.Methods:Retrieving Pubmed,Cochrane Library,CBM database,CNKI database Etc.to collect the literature of prostate hyperplasia of clinical randomized or quasi-randomized control trials of comparative study between western medicine and acupuncture treatment.The data was extracted independently by two valuers from literatures fitting the selection criteria.Cochrane evaluation manual 4.2.6 was used to evaluate quality,and RevMan 4.2.8 was used in statistical analysis.Results:A total of six randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials (total 546 examples) were adopted.6 study adopted the total effective rate of evaluation indexes,Meta-analysis showed that there was a significant difference between acupuncture treatment group and western medicine group [merger RR (fixed effects model)=1.26,95%CI(1.15,1.37),Z=5.13,P

Aged ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Cysts ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Rupture ; Splenic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery