Child ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Objective To investigate phthalate esters in the muscle tissues of fresh water fish in fishponds in Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong,China,Nov,2005.Methods The samples from Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong,China,were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography with FID detector through the procedure of freeze-dried,soxhlet extraction,decontaminating with alumina-silica gel columniation in Nov,2005.Results The concentration of six sorts of PAEs was detected.The concentration of DEHP was 16.10 mg/kg(dry weight),19.81 mg/kg and 11.03 mg/kg in crucian carp,grass carp and tilapia from Pearl River Delta,while being 35.97,37.98 and 26.12 mg/kg for the same species from HK respectively,but the DMP showed the lowest value,only about 0.54 mg/kg.The concentration of DBP and BOP ranged from 3 to 10 mg/kg.Conclusion The fresh water fish from Pearl River Delta were polluted by DEHP,DBP and BOP significantly and the level of pollution is different among various areas.

Objective To explore the CT and MRI features of chordoma and analysis misdiagnosis.Methods The CT and MRI imaging data were analyzed retrospectively in 1 8 patients with chordoma.The imaging findings of the preoperative misdiagnosed lesions were analyzed and summarized.Results 1 2 cases were diagnosed correctly preoperatively,6 cases were misdiagnosed.Chordoma was located in the skull base in 9 cases,in the sacrum in 8 cases,and in cervical vertebrae in 1 case.CT and MRI showed oval or round shape lesions in 12,and irregular shape in 6.14 cases of them displayed clear boundary,4 cases displayed unclear boundary.CT showed soluble osseous bone destruction and uneven isodensity or slightly low density mass.Spot or lamellar shaped calcifications or residual substances of bone were found around or inside of the lesions in 9 cases.MRI showed equal or low signal intensity on T1 WI and high signal intensely on T2 WI.After the CT and MRI contrast enhancement,mass showed mild-to-moderate heterogeneity enhancement. Conclusion Chordoma has certain characteristics on CT and MRI imaging.The combination use of CT and MRI scans has an important value in localization quantitative and qualitative diagnosis of chordoma.

Objective To investigate CT features of primary ileocecum lymphoma (PIL),to improve the ability of CT diagnosis for the disease.Methods CT data of 12 patients with PIL confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.All of the patients underwent plain CT, and 8 cases of them also underwent enhanced CT.Results Among the 12 cases of PIL, there were mass type in 2 and diffused thickness type in 10.The length of the intestinal lesions ranged from 7.8 to 18.5 cm (mean 10.2 cm).Lumen was irregular or aneurysmal dilation in 9, and obvious stenosis in 3.Intestinal wall was soft in 10,and rigid in 2.Plain CT showed that the thickened intestinal wall was soft tissue density.Among the 8 cases performed enhanced CT,6 were approximately homogeneous enhancement, and 2 had small necrosis area without enhancement.Maximum intensity projection(MIP) displayed the lesion had blood supply from the branches of the superior mesenteric artery.Enlarged lymph nodes were detected around the lesions, in root of the mesentery, and in the retroperitoneum in 9.1 case was accompanied with intestinal obstruction,1 case was accompanied with intestinal perforation.Conclusion If CT examination found a homogeneous soft tissue mass in ileocecum with long extent, lumen dilation, soft intestinal wall,mild-to-moderate delayed homogeneous enhancement, PIL should be considered.

Objective:To study the extraction for the curculigoside and polysaccharide of Rhizoma Curculiginis. Methods: The optimum extraction was selected by the orthogonal design. The content of total curculigoside was determined by HPLC, The content of polysaccharide of Rhizoma Curculiginis was determined by spetrophotometry.Results: The extraction times affected significantly total curculigoside and Polysaccharide of Rhizoma Curculiginis. Conclusion: The optimum extraction is as follows: adding 8 times amount of water into Chinese medical materials, and boiling for 90 min each time, extracting three times in all.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Busheng Huoxue Capsule (BHC) on the quality of life (QOL) in senile male osteoporosis (OP) patients, and to explore its mechanisms.

METHODSTotally 200 senile primary OP patients were randomly assigned to two groups according to random digit table method, 100 in each group. Patients in the treatment group took BHC plus caltrate-D (600 mg CaCO3), while those in the control group took alendronate (70 mg per week) plus caltrate-D. The therapeutic course was 12 months for all. Chinese medical symptom score and quality of life (QUALEFFO-41) score, bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebra (L2 -L4) and left femoral neck were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Serum free testosterone (FT) and estradiol (E2) were also measured.

RESULTSChinese medical symptom scores and QUALEFFO-41 scores, serum FT and E2 levels increased in the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The therapeutic effect was superior in the treatment group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). After treatment the BMD of lumbar vertebra (L2 -L4) and the left femoral neck were somewhat improved (P < 0.05), but with no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBHC could effectively improve the QOL of senile male OP patients, which might be correlated with elevating the BMD levels and regulating the levels of sex hormones.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Quality of Life

Objective Pathophysiology has high comprehensiveness and practical characteristics. Developing analytical capacity is a major teaching aim of Pathophysiology. This study was aimed to build up the basic knowledge of pathophysiology and develop a critical approach through comparative case learning in medical students. Methods A pair of related cases were chosen in this study. Comparative case learning was performed in our lecture. Case analysis was tested before and after comparative case learning,and a self-evaluation was accessed after comparative case learning. The scores of case-analyzing test and self-evaluation assessment were statistically analyzed. Results Using“comparative case learning”in pathophysiology could improve medical students' case-analyzing score,especially in clinical syndrome analyzing examination questions(difficult examination questions). There was a significant correlation between high score of clinical syndrome analyzing examination and students' self-evaluation. ConclusionComparative case learning could improve the analytical,data searching and comprehensive abilities,thereby enhancing a case-analyzing ability in medical students.

The in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer technique has been widely applied in human insemination. The rate of successful insemination is gradual y rising, and the in-vitro fertilization directly determine the insemination outcome.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the difference between the two common using insemination methods, microdrop and open, in in-vitro fertilization and embryo development.
METHODS:A randomized study was conducted to compare microdrop and open insemination methods among non-male factor patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. A total of 1 175 cases were enrol ed in the research. There were 573 cases in the microdrop group, and 602 cases in open insemination group. The fertilization rate and embryo development in the two groups were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fertilization failure rate [total fertilization failure rate+low fertilization rate (<25%oocytes fertilized)] in the microdrop insemination group was higher than in the open insemination group (11.9%, 3.3%, P<0.001), while the good quality embryo rate and pregnancy rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (al P>0.05). The open insemination method is a simple insemination method with a lower fertilization failure rate. As the fertilization is a highly complicated process involving many extrinsic and intrinsic factors, further study is needed to confirm the effects of the two insemination methods on in-vitro fertilization outcome.

Objective: Our purpose was to study the relationship between the Fas antigen expression and neuron apoptosis after cerebral ischemia. Methods: We detected the Fas antigen expression and neuron apoptosis dynamically in the animal models with cerebral ischemia by immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. Results: Fas antigen was positive after 30 minutes of ischemia and reached peak at 60 minutes. At the 24th hour, it began to decrease, and negative on the 3th day. While the positive cell for TUNEL method appeared after 60 minutes of ischemia, reached peak on 3 day, and decreased on 7 day. Conclusion: Neuron apoptosis after cerebral ischemia is closely related to the over-expression of Fas antigen.

Background The surgery for femtosecond laser created laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)flaps has made great progression recent year,but the postoperative corneal wound healing and regeneration of nerve fibers after surgery are closely concerned.Objective This study was to compare and analyze the clinical outcomes between FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser flap and mechanical microkeratome Hansatome flap in LASIK.Methods A prospective case-controlled study was designed.The serial 38 myopic eyes of 38 patients were included from March through July,2010 in Henan Armed Police Force General Hospital.The patients were randomized into FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser assisted flap group(20 patients/20 eyes)and mechanical microkeratome Hansatome assisted flap group(18 patients/18 eyes)with the matched age,gender and refraction of spherical equivalent.HRT Ⅲ examinations were performed before surgery,1 week,1 month and 3 months after surgery to compare the morphological changes atthe center and margin of the flaps,and evaluate the similarities and differences of cellular morphology after surgery between the two approaches.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to this medical trial.Results The best corrected visual acuity was ≥ 1.0 and the refract diopter was similar in both groups(+0.21 D±0.48 D and-0.04 D±0.54 D)1 month after LASIK.The corneal thickness was insignificant increased in the first week after LASIK,and the density of shallow stromal cells was decreased in 1 week,1 month and 3 months compared with pre-operation in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group(t =-27.99,-25.49,-28.87,P ＜ 0.01).In the Hansatome assisted flap group,significantly thickened corneal epithelium was seen in the first week after LASIK compared before LASIK(56.73 μm±2.47 μm versus 51.16 μm±1.11 μm)(t=9.29,P＜0.05),and the density of shallow stromal cells was decreased in 1 week,1 month and 3 months compared with pre-operation in the Hansatome assisted flap group(t =-17.57,-14.13,-19.63,P =0.00).The density of high reflective interface particles in cornea was lower in 1 week,1 month and 3 months after LASIK in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group than that in the Hansatome assisted flap group,showing significant differences between them(t =-13.505,-11.900,-14.084,P＜0.01).The active stromal cells were seen beneath the interface in both groups in the first week and gradually decreased after that time.Intact corneal nerve fibers were found in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group,but those in the Hansatome assisted flap group were shorter and smaller 3 months after LASIK.At 3 months after surgery,the flap margin showed stromal higher reflection and irregular secondary fibrosis in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group,and in contrast,the flap margin had the appearance of a unclearly identified fibrotic scar in the Hansatome assisted flap group.Conclusions Compared with the LASIK and Hansatome assisted flap,the LASIK with FEMTO LDV flap shows earlier nerve fiber regeneration and greater fibrotic scarring,which imply a good wound healing process in the LASIK with FEMTO LDV flap.