An investigation and analysis on the effect of current bilingual teaching has been done among the 2002rd seven-year program students by using questionnaire.The result can provide basic foundation for improving the quality of bilingual teaching.

To study the antiarrhythmic effect of the newly developed alpha/beta-blocker TJ0711, a variety of animal models of arrhythmia were induced by CaCl2, ouabain and ischemia/reperfusion. Glass microelectrode technique was used to observe action potentials of right ventricular papillary muscle of guinea pig. The onset time of arrhythmia induced by CaCl2 was significantly prolonged by TJ0711 at 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1) doses. TJ0711 (1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1)) can significantly shorten the ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) duration, the incidence of VF and mortality were significantly reduced. On ischemia-reperfusion-induced arrhythmic model, TJ0711 (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg x kg(-1)) can significantly reduce the ventricular premature contraction (PVC), VT, VF incidence, mortality, arrhythmia score with a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, rats serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities decreased significantly by TJ0711 (1 and 2 mg x kg(-1)). Ouabain could cause arrhythmia in guinea pigs, when TJ0711 (0.375, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1)) was given, the doses of ouabain inducing a variety of arrhythmia PVC, VT, VF, cardiac arrest (CA) were significantly increased with a dose-dependent manner. In the TJ0711 0.1-30 micromol x L(-1) concentration range, guinea pig right ventricular papillary muscle action potential RP (rest potential), APA (action potential amplitude) and V(max) (maximum velocity of depolarization) were not significantly affected. APD20, APD50 and APD90 had a shortening trend but no statistical difference with the increase of TJ0711 concentration. TJ0711 has antiarrhythmic effect on the sympathetic nerve excitement and myocardial cell high calcium animal arrhythmia model. Myocardial action potential zero phase conduction velocity and resting membrane potential were not inhibited by TJ0711. APD20, APD50 and APD90 were shortened by TJ0711 at high concentration. Its antiarrhythmic action mechanism may be besides the action of blocking beta1 receptor, may also have a strong selective blocking action on alpha1 receptor and reducing intracellular calcium concentration.
Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; blood ; chemically induced ; etiology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Calcium Chloride ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; complications ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; physiology ; Ouabain ; Papillary Muscles ; cytology ; Phenoxypropanolamines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To observe the effect of retrograde sinus coronary perfusion on the function of myocardial cell membrane following retrograde sinus coronary perfusion Methods Thirty two isolated rabbit hearts were randomized into 4 groups: Group A, hearts were kept beating by retrograde perfusion with normothermic oxygenated blood; Group B, hearts received retrograde coronary sinus perfusion with warm blood cardioplegia; Group C, hearts received retrograde coronary sinus perfusion with cold blood cardioplegia; Group D, hearts received retrograde coronary sinus perfusion with cold crystalloid cardioplegia After 60 min retrograde perfusion, the hearts were switched on Langendorff Neely antegrade perfused working heart model for other 60 min Free calcium in myocardial cell, myocardial membrane MDA, ATPase and myocardial cell membrane fluidity were measured Results After retrograde coronary sinus perfusion, activity of ATPase and fluidity of the myocardial cell membrane in group A were higher than those in groups B, C and D The contents of myocardial cell membrane MDA and calcium in myocardial cell following retrograde perfusion were much lower in group A than those in groups B and C There was no remarkable difference between group C and group D Conclusion Retrograde perfusion of beating heart is superior to those perfused with warm blood cardioplegia in reducing free radical production, ameliorating paradoxical calcium accumulation in myocardial cell and maintaining activity of ATPase and fluidity of the myocardial cell membrane Warm blood cardioplegia is superior to cold blood cardioplegia

Objective To introduce experience of harvesting great saphenous vein (GSV) and surgical techniques to avoid infectious complication in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods One thousand and one hundred twenty CABG, including 523 conventional CABG (CCABG) and 597 off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB), were performed by the same surgical team. One thousand and fifty GSV were used as the conduit. Left internal mammary artery was routinely anastomosed to left anterior descending artery(LAD), and GSV and/or radial artery to the other target vessels. Preoperative selection of GSV, operative procedure of harvesting, meticulous postoperative supervision and appropriate treatment of the incision, and the control of risk factors as diabetes mellitus, which composed an integral part of periopertive strategies, are critical to avoid infectious complication. Results No infection occurred. Recovery of two patients with diabetes mellitus was complicated by delayed healing of incision. In ten patients there was a slight exudation from the incision, and they healed without infection after the addition of 2~3 interrupted sutures. Healing was not delayed. Swelling of the involved legs occurred in the majority of patients, and numbness along the incision was also documented in some patients, and it usually recovered to normal three months after operation, after being followed-up for 3 months to 2 years. Conclusion Infection can be completely avoided after the planned procedure of harvesting GSV and meticulous perioperative care.

Objective To summarize the operative techniques and clinical outcome of 582 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). Methods 582 patients who underwent off-bump coronary artery bypass were retrospectively studied. Results One patient was re-explored for bleeding. The other patients experienced a good recovery without complications. The mean mechanical ventilation time was 3.2?1.2h, and the mean hospital stay time was 7?1.6d. All the patients were free from angina after the operation. 2 patients died of arrhythmia. Conclusions OPCAB can reduce the time of postoperative recovery and decrease the incidence of complication and mortality. OPCAB is a good choice for high-risk patients.

Objectives To analyze retrospectively 1120 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) in order to evaluate surgical techniques and clinical outcome. Methods From 1997 through April of 2005, data of 597 patients who underwent conventional coronary artery bypass surgery on pump (CCABG) and 523 patients who underwent off-pump CABG (OPCAB) all performed by the same surgeon were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Eight hundred and fifty-two patients had unstable angina, 640 patients were over 60 years old (57.1%) and 862 patients had concomitant diseases involving valves, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, left ventricular aneurysm with septal defect, stroke, COPD, renal failure and cancer. A hundred and seventy-six patients had LIMS stenosis and 738 patients with triple-vessel disease. Results Total mortality was 0.36% (4-case death), and morbidity of 1.6% (sternal dehiscence, stroke and mediastinitis). The grafts per patient with CCABG and OPCAB were 3.3?0.6 vs. 2.5?0.4. Left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was used in 94% of the patients, and IABP was given in 31 patients early postoperatively. Follow-up period was 4 months to 7 years. Conclusions Rational and appropriate surgical strategies, excellent surgical techniques, improvement in anesthesia, and CPB significantly lower mortality and morbidity of CABG, which has become safe and effective in patients with coronary artery disease.

By means of HPLC,the changes of endogenous hormones in the process of releasing dormancy in Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. seeds were determined. The results indicated that the content of GA3 had a process of increase while the content of ABA was reduced in general. The content of IAA showed a downward -plateau-upward-downward curve in the process of releasing dormancy. When the dormancy of the seeds were released attemperatures 8~10℃ and 3~5℃,changing pattern of each of the three endogenous hormones were similar,but the duration spanning each change were different.

0.05). Accordingly, statistics shows that the mean value of PI is 2.56?2.35. Conclusion: The referential range of PI for Chinese CABG patients is 2.56?2.35.

Objective To introduce the clinical experience of Bentall procedure with composite tissue valve conduit. Methods Five patients were diagnosed as severe aortic regurgitation with dilatation of Valsava sinus and sinotubular junction and ascending aorta. Mean age of patients was (55.8?9.4) years (range 47～67). After median sternotomy , cardiopulmonary bypass was established using a single two-stage venous cannula. Temperature was brought to 28℃. After the ascending aorta was occluded, an aortotomy was made and aortic valve was excised. Aorta was removed from sinuses of Valsalva except for generous buttons around coronary ostia. After sizing the aortic annulus, an appropriate-size tissue valve and woven dacron conduit (3 mm greater in diameter than the tissue valve) were chosen to build a composite conduit. It was attached to annulus of aortic valve with pledget-reinforced horizontal mattress stitches to replace the aortic valve and ascending aorta as an en bloc procedure (Bentall procedure). In 2 cases, Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed with greater saphenous vein anastomosed distally to left anterior descending artery and proximately to conduit. Results All cases recovered uneventfully and they were discharged without any postoperative complications. Echocardiography was repeated before discharge. Mean aortic pressure gradient was (18.3?7.6) mmHg. Left ventricular dimension was significantly reduced [(58.8?6.3)mm vs. (43.7?3.1)mm]after operations(P0.05). Follow-up was 2 to 8 months. Conclusion With composite tissue valve conduit, Bentall procedure to replace the aortic valve and ascending aorta as an en bloc procedure is feasible and safe for the elderly patients. A long-term follow-up for the function and structure of tissue valve is needed.

Objective To establish a satisfactory method of isolating,culturing and determining gut neural crest stem cells,which may provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Methods The guts of embryonic mice removed and dissociated were plated into serum-free DMEM/F12 medium.The mitogen-free DMEM/F12 medium supplementd with 10% fetal bovine serum was used to induce differentiation of GNCSCs.Neurospheres and their derivations were determined with immunocytochemical and immunofluorescent staning.Results Neurospheres were generated in the simplified serum-free medium.The staining results showed that enteric neurospheres were GNCSCs and could differentiate into neurons,glial cells and smooth muscle cells by serum-induction.Conclusion GNCSCs have the capacity of self-renewal and proliferation,and give rise to neurons,glial cells and myofibroblasts.