In the peacekeeping operations of the United Nations,medical personnel need to have clear legal compliance to solve the ethical problems encountered.The existing laws and regulations are impractical with a nar row cover,which can't meet the actual requirements.Based on the literatures and practical examples,this paper discussed the medical ethical problems involved in peacekeeping operations using the three-step method (empirical investigation,comparative analysis and summarization),and provided suggestions and countermeasures to the construction of medical ethics in peacekeeping medical support.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that after bone marrow stem cell transplantation, there are juvenile cells with the episode of myocardial cells around the infarct areas, which was recognized as deriving from bone marrow stem cells.OBJECTIVE: To explore the homing situation of bone marrow stem cells by autologous mobilization around the infarct areas aftar myocardial infarction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytological in vitro study was performed at the China-Japan Clinical Pathology Center, Daliar Medical University from February 2005 to April 2006.MATERIALS: A total of 30 myocardial samples from the autopsy at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Dalian Medical University between 2000 and 2005. Fifteen normal samples dyed from the mechanical injuries or craniocerebral injury,without abnormity following autopsy. Fifteen samples in the myocardial infarction group suffered from coronary atherosclerosis and coronary tube stenosis, and died within 10 days after myocardial infarction.METHODS: The autopsy was performed within 48 hours after the death and the tissues were obtained from antedor wall, lateral wall and posterior wall of the left ventricle, and made into tissue sections. We checked the expression of CD34, CD133 and transforming growth factor-β, in the normal area, infarct area and around the infarct area by immunohistochemistry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of CD34, CD133 and transforming growth factor-β in different areas and the relationship between them.RESULTS: The positive expression of CD34 in infarct area was significantly stronger than that around the infarct area and in normal area (P < 0.01). The positive expression of transforming growth factor-β in infarct area was significantly stronger than that around the infarct area (P < 0.01), and the expression of transforming growth factor-β showed negative reactJon in normal area. The expression of CD34, CD133 and transforming growth factor-β, in infarct areas and around the infarct area was closely related (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: There are the homing of bone marrow hemopoietic stem cells in infarct area and around the infarct ares after myocardial infarction. The increase in transforming growth factor-β in infarct area provides the possibility for the differentiation of the homing stem cells, the following angiogenesis and the regeneration of cardiomyocytes.

BACKGROUND:Functional changes of some functional genes have been showed to trigger osteoarthritis, among which, age may be a critical one. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis and the research process of silent information regulation 1 in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed in the databases of CNKI, PubMed, SpringerLink, and Elsevier Science Direct using the keywords ofosteoarthritis, silent information regulation 1 and cartilagein Chinese and English, respectively. Finally 83 eligible literatures were enrolled for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Deacetylation modification acts on the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis by regulating the expression and biological function of various cytokines. Silent information regulation 1 cannot only regulate body metabolism, inhibit cellapoptosis, repair DNA injury, delay senescence and resist to stress, but also play important roles in the epigenetic modification, gene silencing and signal transduction. Therefore, silent information regulation 1 is involved in the age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, silent information regulation 1 is likely to be an important target of osteoarthritis drugs, and even reverses mechanical stress-induced cartilage injury in the early stage of osteoarthritis.

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Leg ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Skin Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology

Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Neonatology ; Research Report ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; physiopathology

ObjectiveTo analysis the different types of bacteria in patients with a varying severity of acute cholangitis.Methods241 patients who presented with actue cholangitis between Jan 2008 to Oct 2011 to our hospital were retrospectively studied.These patients were divided into three groups according to the Tokyo Guideline.The bile specimens were obtained intraoperatively.The parameters were compared by SPSS 16.0 package program for statistical analysis.Results75.1 percent of the patients were positive for bacteria in the bile.There were 241 strains of bacterium which included 139 Gram-positive bacteria,99 Gram-negative bacteria and 6 strains of microzyme.Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecalis,Enterococcus casseliflavus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella species were the most frequently isolated bacteria.The positive rates for bacteria were significantly different between patients with mild and severe cholangitis (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between patients with moderate and mild cholangits (P=0.141),or moderate and severe cholangitis (P=0.647).Gram-negative bacteria were more common than Gram- positive bacteria in patients with moderate and severe acute cholangitis (P＜0.05).In patients with moderate and severe acute cholangitis,there was more patients with multiple and mixed bacterial infection.ConclusionsEscherichia coli and Enterococcus species were more common in patients with acute cholangitis.The positive rate of bacteria in the bile in severe acute cholangitis was higher than that in mild acute cholangitis.In patients with moderate and severe cholangitis,Gram-negative bacterial infections and multiple and mixed bacterial infections were more common.

Objective To investigate the anti tumor effects of cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by tumor antigen specific dendritic cells. Methods Soluble tumor antigen was prepared by four freeze thaw cycles of gastric tumor cell line SCG7901. Anti gastric tumor vaccine was acquired by co incubation of tumor antigen and mouse bone marrow derived dendritic cells and cultured with granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin 4. Antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes were induced by this tumor vaccine from the spleen and were applied to tumor bearing nude mice. Results Tumor growth was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis of tumor cells was promoted extensively. Conclusions Antigen specific dendritic cell tumor vaccine may play an important role in future immunotherapy of gastric cancer.

To observe the morphology of corneal endothelial cells after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis ( Femto-LASlK) .METHODS:From May to September in 2013, 88 eyes of 45 patients with myopia who accepted Femto-LASlK were enrolled in this study. The morphology of central corneal endothelial cells was measured by a non-contact corneal endothelial cell analyzer before, 1mo and 1a after surgery. The number, density, average size, size standard deviation, size coefficient of variation and hexagonality of the corneal endothelial cells were observed. All the measurements were analyzed by statistical analysis.RESULTS: All patients underwent operation smoothly, and no complication was observed during and after surgery;One month after surgery, the endothelial cell density (ECD) was 2815. 34±297. 07/mm2, which had a 2. 64% decrease compared with preparative ECD (t=4. 60, P= 0. 00), there was no statistical significance between ECD measurements of 1mo and 1a after surgery ( P>0. 05 ); One month after surgery, the size standard deviation ( SSD ) was 118. 47 ± 31. 58μm2 , which increased significantly compared with the preoperative SSD(t=-3. 87, P=0. 03), there was no statistical significance between SSD measurements of 1mo and 1a after surgery ( P>0. 05 );After surgery, the number, hexagonality, average size and size coefficient of variation of the corneal endothelial cells didn't change statistically(P>0. 05).CONCLUSlON: ln the early period after Femto-LASlK, the ECD decreased slightly, however this kind of surgery did not have significant harm to the function of corneal endothelial cells, and the surgery didn't cause the progressive loss of corneal endothelial cells.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of losartan combined with amiodarone in cardioversion of atrial fibrillation(AF)and maint of sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal AF.Methods From January 2003 to October 2005,a total of 86 consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF in 421 Hospital of PLA were randomly dividid into two group:group A(amiodarone,n=44)and.group B(amiodarone plus losartan n=42).The conversion of atrial fibrillation in 24 h,3 d and 7 d after therapy was investigated.The left atrial diameter was measured with transthoracic echocardiogram at before and after 6,12-months of treatment andyzed up to 12 months.Results The rate of cardioversion of AF is significantly higher in group A than group B at 7 d(86.36% vs 95.23%,P

Objective To discuss the informatization of multi hospitals. Methods Considering about the current situation of in‐formation construction to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, a set of solution was put forward based on the all in one card together with the two level information platform. Results Initial trials proved the feasibility of the solution. Con‐clusion The informatization of the multi hospitals contributes a lot to the source sharing between the regional hospitals, the im‐provement of hospital management and a better medical service.