BACKGROUND: Procyanidins is a kind of polyphenol compounds in regnum vegetable, which is composed of different quantities of catechin and epicatechin. Studies show that procyanidins plays a role on protecting vascular endothelium, scavenging free radicals, resisting platelet aggregation, and reducing capillary permeability. Thus, procyanidins has obviously functions of reducing blood pressure, anti-oxidant activity, anti-edema, preventing coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis.
OBJECTIVE: To study the vasorelaxant effect of procyanidins on pulmonic rings and its mechanisms.
METHODS: Rabbit thoracic pulmonary arteries were isolated. Pre-contracted with noradrenalin (1×10-6 mol/L) and their responses to different concentrations of procyanidins (0.625, 1.25, 2.5 mg/L) were investigated. After removal of the endothelium of pulmonary artery smooth muscle, the effects of different signaling pathway inhibitors on procyanidins-induced relaxation, including nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (1×10-4 mol/L), methylene blue (1×10-5 mol/L), prostaglandin synthase inhibitor indomethacin (1×10-5 mol/L) and blockage of the adrenergicβ-receptor propranolol (1×10-5 mol/L), were also assessed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Procyanidins did not change the resting tension of rabbit’s pulmonic rings, but caused an obvious dose-dependent relaxation in 1×10-6 mol/L noradrenalin-precontracted pulmonic rings (r=0.69, P < 0.001). (2) The relaxant effect of procyanidins was significantly reduced by removal of endothelium or by treatment with either Nω-Nitro-L-arginine or methylene blue, but not by treatment with prostaglandin synthase inhibitor or blockage of the adrenergic β-receptor. (3) Procyanidins (20 mg/L) dropped the dose-effect curves of noradrenalin, KCl and on pulmonic rings denuded endothelium. Moreover, affinity index of noradrenalin, KCl and CaCl2 decreased (P < 0.01). (4) Procyanidins also inhibited the vasoconstriction caused by noradrenalin in the first phase, but had no impact on the constriction induced by CaCl2 in the second phase. (5) Procyanidins has an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation on isolated rabbit’s pulmonic rings, which is possibly mediated by nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathways. Procyanidins blocked receptor-operated and voltage-dependent calcium channels to reduce intracel ular Ca2+, and induced vasorelaxation.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that after bone marrow stem cell transplantation, there are juvenile cells with the episode of myocardial cells around the infarct areas, which was recognized as deriving from bone marrow stem cells.OBJECTIVE: To explore the homing situation of bone marrow stem cells by autologous mobilization around the infarct areas aftar myocardial infarction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytological in vitro study was performed at the China-Japan Clinical Pathology Center, Daliar Medical University from February 2005 to April 2006.MATERIALS: A total of 30 myocardial samples from the autopsy at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Dalian Medical University between 2000 and 2005. Fifteen normal samples dyed from the mechanical injuries or craniocerebral injury,without abnormity following autopsy. Fifteen samples in the myocardial infarction group suffered from coronary atherosclerosis and coronary tube stenosis, and died within 10 days after myocardial infarction.METHODS: The autopsy was performed within 48 hours after the death and the tissues were obtained from antedor wall, lateral wall and posterior wall of the left ventricle, and made into tissue sections. We checked the expression of CD34, CD133 and transforming growth factor-β, in the normal area, infarct area and around the infarct area by immunohistochemistry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of CD34, CD133 and transforming growth factor-β in different areas and the relationship between them.RESULTS: The positive expression of CD34 in infarct area was significantly stronger than that around the infarct area and in normal area (P < 0.01). The positive expression of transforming growth factor-β in infarct area was significantly stronger than that around the infarct area (P < 0.01), and the expression of transforming growth factor-β showed negative reactJon in normal area. The expression of CD34, CD133 and transforming growth factor-β, in infarct areas and around the infarct area was closely related (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: There are the homing of bone marrow hemopoietic stem cells in infarct area and around the infarct ares after myocardial infarction. The increase in transforming growth factor-β in infarct area provides the possibility for the differentiation of the homing stem cells, the following angiogenesis and the regeneration of cardiomyocytes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pramipexole in treating restless legs syndrome (RLS).Methods A search for randomized,double-blind,and placebo-controlled clinical trials of pramipexole in treating moderate to severe RLS using CNKI,PubMed,Embase and Cochrane Library database was carried out. A meta-analysis of included clinical trials was performed with RevMan 5.0 software.The 2 outcomes that the weighted mean difference(WMD) of change from baseline in International RLS Study Group rating scale(IRLS) score and the relative risk (RR) of response based on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale score were calculated for efficacy.Safety was assessed with RR of the adverse event (AE).Results A total of 5 clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis,of which 1776 patients were randomly assigned (945 on pramipexole,831 on placebo).The records of patients were pooled.Overall WMD were - 6.34 ( Z =12.76,P ＜ 0.01 ) for the change from baseline in IRLS score,and RR of response based on CGI-I were 1.65 (Z =10.39,P ＜0.01).The overall RR of pramipexole versus placebo were 1.14 ( Z =1.87,P =0.06 ) for AE.Conclusion To treat RLS,pramipexole is an effective and safe drug.

The effective components are the material basis for efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), also the core of its quality control. This paper focused on two key scientific issues that how do the effective components form?, How can we improve the effective components?, combining with examples of our group's research, to dis-cuss the research thoughts, technical methods for TCM quality-design. This paper provided a methodological refer-ence for the study of TCM quality-control.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical carcinoma. Methods TAC(DDP, EPI and BLM) was applied in 68 patients with cervical carcinoma. Therapeutic efficacy and side effects were documented. Results After 1～3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, clinical symptoms remission rares reached 100% ,response rate were 100% (40/40) in Ⅰ b～Ⅱ a,90.9% (20/22) in Ⅱ b and 50% (2/4)in Ⅲ a, respectively. Radical resection reached 91.2 %, and only 6 patients of advanced disease failed to radical resection and turned to radiotherapy. Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a safe and effective therapeutic option which could alleviate clinical symptoms, decrease tumor size, down-staging and increase the radical resection rate.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and mutations of guanosine triphosphate eyclohydrolase (GCH) Ⅰ gene in patients with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD). Methods Five families with 18 affected family members and 17 patients with sporadic DRD were examined. Patients were allocated into 3 groups according to onset time, either in childhood, or in adolescence or adult. Interview, physical examination, psychologic testings and CT/MR scan were performed. Mutation screening was performed on 26 patients and 1 normal family nember. Thirty-five healthy control subjects were matched for age and sex. Statistical analysis were conducted with the use of SPSS 13.0 computer software. Results(1)Most of patients started with dystonia. The main clinical manifestation was dystonia too. There was no difference among 3 groups.(2) There were significant differences in diurnal fluctuation among 3 groups(15/15,6/6,7/14, χ2=13.125,P=0.001). Diurnal fluctuation negatively correlated with age (r=-0.720, P<0.01).(3)The differences in postural tremor were also found among 3 groups (7/15,5/6,1/14, χ2=8.073, P=0.018). Postural tremor positively correlated with age (r=0.399, P=0.018).(4)There were differences in exaggeration of tendon among three groups(11/15,1/6,4/14, χ2=8.309, P=0.016). Exaggeration of tendon reflexes negatively correlated with age (r=-0.429, P=0.010).(5)The scores of Hamilton Depression Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale in patients were higher than those in controls.(6)DNA sequencing revealed a heterozygous A224G missense mutation(Tyr75Cys)located within exon 1 in one autosomal dominant inheritance family. Conclusions The manifestations of DRD varies. The clinical course is closely correlated with age. A missense mutation(A224G)in coding region of the GCH 1 gene probablyleads to the occurrence of DRD.

Objective To find out and clarify the causes and the pathogens of vulvovagmitis in childhood girls, to determine the clinical treatment. Methods There were 345 cases of childhood girls .ranged from 18 days to 12 years, with symptoms of vulvovagini tis, and their vaginal secretions were examined by routine smear for cleaning degree, trichomonas , Candida and clue cells, gram-stain for neisseria gonorrhoeae, culture for bacteria, mycoplasma urealytium, mycoplasma hominis and chlamydia trachomatis. Results One hundred and nine pathogens were detected(31.6% of the whole cases ), including specific pathogen 70 cases(20. 3% )and non-specif ic pathogen 32 cases(9.3%). Gardnerella was detected most frequently in specific pathogen while enteric bacilli was detected most frequently in non-specific pathogen. Conclusions Non-specific vulvovaginitis is the most frequent cause in childhood vulvovagimtis, and bacterial vaginosis is the mast frequent in specific infection. Symptomatic treatment is effective, but antibiotic treatment should be based on pathogenic findings of vaginal secretions.

Objective:To study the effect of early nursing intervention to prevent lymphedema of upper limb after breast cancer surgery and its effect on postoperative quality of life.Methods:Between July 2018 and March 2020, one hundred and seventeen cases of breast cancer, all female, admitted to department of thyroid and breast surgery, the affiliated Zhongshan hospital of Dalian University, were underwent modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Fifty-eight cases were included in the control group whereas fifty-nine cases were in the intervention group. The control group received conventional nursing, the intervention group added early care intervention measures on the basis of conventional nursing. Follow-ups were carried out monthly in a period of 9 months post-surgery. The incidence and grade of lymphedema were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidences of lymphedema at 1,3,9 months after surgery were 8.5% (5/59), 8.5% (5/59), 10.2% (6/59) in the intervention group, which were lower than 31.0% (18/58), 36.2% (21/58), 43.1% (25/58) in the control group. Statistics showed significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 value was 9.425, 13.041, 16.289, P<0.05). The incidence of mild, moderate, and severe lymphedema were statistically different between the two groups ( χ2 value was 10.350, 12.078, 17.422, P<0.05). Follow-up for the quality of life was assessed using a 5-dimension evaluation method, including physical status, social/family status, emotional status, functional status and additional attention. One month follow-up showed 20.36±1.80, 20.03±1.68, 34.63±3.52, 15.86±1.96, 19.81±1.04 in the intervention group, all higher than the control group 17.03±1.36, 17.10±1.46, 19.38±1.51, 10.91±1.22, 18.36±1.21. Three-month follow-up showed 23.56±2.72, 23.73±2.20, 39.93±4.17, 20.31±3.04, 26.37±2.23 in the intervention group, higher than those of the control group 20.90±2.14, 19.12±2.63, 25.79±3.59, 13.97±2.67, 21.02±2.50. Nine month follow-up showed 27.44±2.01, 25.80±1.85, 40.88±3.72, 21.02±2.78, 27.02±2.45 in the intervention group, which were high than the control group 19.93±1.66, 20.67±1.46, 19.38±2.29, 16.33±2.65, 22.29±2.52. The difference between the two groups were statistically significant ( t value was 8.691-34.383, P<0.05). Conclusions:Early nursing intervention could prevent lymphedema of upper limb after breast cancer surgery, delay the progress of lymphedema, reduce the incidence and grade of lymphedema, and promote the rehabilitation of patients' affected limbs, improve quality of Life of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

Twelve compounds were isolated from the rhizome of Paris mairei Lévl by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and ODS col-umn chromatographies. The structure elucidation was accomplished by ESI-MS and NMR methods. These compounds were identified as lupeol(1), lup-20(29) -ene-3β-yl octacosanoate(2), palmitic acid(3), glyceryl α-mono-palmitate(4), α-spinasterol(5), diosgenin (6), (25R) diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1--> 4) -α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4) - [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 2)] -β-D-glucopyranoside(7), pennogenin(8), pennogenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 -->3) - [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 2)] -β-D-glucopyranoside(9), flazin(10), calonysterone(11), and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-gentiobioside(12). Compounds 1-5,10-11 were isolated from the genus Paris for the first time, and all compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of liposuction-curettage under negative pressure combined with Xiaozhiling injection for the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis.Methods The operative field was marked along the border of hair-bearing area of axilla with a distal margin of 0.5-1 cm.Subcutaneous tissue was removed by stroke movement under negative pressure after tumescent anesthesia.Subsequently,Xiaozhiling injection was injected into the subcutaneous space.All the patients were followed for at least 3 months,and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated quantitatively.Results A total of 72 patients (144 sides) with axillary bromhidrosis were treated with this method from March 2009 to May 2012,including 16 males and 56 females aged 14-41 years.All the patients experienced primary healing with no necrosis or hematoma formation within one week after the operation.The follow-up lasted 3 to 18 months (average: 8 months).Among the 144 sides,133 (92.4％) were cured,11 (7.6％) were improved,with the response rate being 100％.Postoperative scar is invisible,and patients were satisfied with the treatment outcomes.Conclusion The combined therapy is a simple and effective approach to the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis with a fast recovery and less complications.