To learn about the economic studies on traditional Chinese medicines in domestic literatures, in order to analyze the current economic assessment of traditional Chinese medicines and explore the existing problems. Efforts were made to search CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database and CBM by computer and include all literatures about economic assessment of traditional Chinese medicines published on professional domestic journals in the systematic assessment and quality evaluation. Finally, 50 articles were included in the study, and the systematic assessment and quality evaluation were made for them in terms of titles, year, authors' identity, expense source, disease type, study perspective, study design type, study target, study target source, time limit, cost calculation, effect indicator, analytical technique and sensitivity analysis. The finally quality score was 0.74, which is very low. The results of the study showed insufficient studies on economics of traditional Chinese medicines, short study duration and simple evaluation methods, which will be solved through unremitting efforts in the future.
Costs and Cost Analysis ; Databases, Factual ; economics ; Drug Therapy ; economics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; economics ; therapeutic use ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; Publications ; economics

OBJECTIVE To investigate the HIV infections states in tumor patients for clinical diagnosis,treatment and to prevent HIV infection in the tumor hospital.METHODS The result of HIV detection in tumor patients from Dec 2000 to Aug 2006 was analyzed by the review statistics analysis.RESULTS Totally 48 101 tumor paients were detected,and the number of tumor patients with positive HIV antibody result was 51(0.106%).Among the positive patients there were 21 cases with blood transfusion history,14 cases with blood donating experience,2 cases with both these two kinds of experiences and 14 cases without the two kinds of experiences.Their rate was separately 41.0%,27.5%,4.0% and 27.5%.Most of the HIV positive patients had no clinical synptoms.CONCLUSIONS The HIV positive rate of patients with blood transfusion or blood donating is significantly higher than the patients without these experiences.The routine detection for the HIV before the operation,blood transfusion or other traumatic detection is very necessary.

Objective To study the influence of CTP-OD1-HA and CTP-OD2-HA fusion peptides and combined with imatinib on proliferation of K562 cells.Methods K562 cells were treated with CTP-OD1-HA and CTP-OD2-HA peptides or together with imatinib.The proliferation of cells were detected and compared by MTT and clone formation methods.Results MTT examination demonstrated that CTP-OD1-HA and CTP-OD2-HA peptides could inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells,and the effect was more obvious when acted along with imatinib;Clone formation showed that CTP-OD1-HA and CTP-OD2-HA peptides suppressed the continuous colony forming ability of K562 cells.Conclusion CTP-OD1-HA and CTP-OD2-HA could specially inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells,and increase the sensitivity of imatinib.

Objective To investigate the effect of intraocular injection of mixed crystalline in vivo on survival of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)after optic nerve cut.Methods Twenty Long-Evens rats were divided into normal control,and 7 day,14 day,and 21 day groups after optic nerve was cut off.There were 5 eyes in each group.Mixed crystallin(1x10~(-4)g/L)and isotonic saline solution were injected into the vitreous of fight eye and left eye respectively.The number of RGCs was counted 7,14 and 21 days after optic nerve cut.Results The density of RGCs declined clearly 7 days after optic nerve cut.In the group with crystallin injection,the density of RGCs declined to 71%,32% and 15% of the control group repec- tively,much higher than that of the controls on days 7,14 and 21 after optic nerve was cut off(P

Objective: The chemical constituents in the methanol extract from the flowers of Trollius ledebouri were rapidly identified using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS in positive and negative ion modes. Methods: The analysis was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 reverse phase column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.1% formic acid was used for gradient elution, 0-5 min, 95%-60% A; 5-13 min, 60%-45% A; 13-20 min, 45%-0% A; 20.1-25 min, 95% A. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, the injection volume was 2 μL. The information of the compounds was analyzed by the positive and negative ion mass spectra and elements composition. Results: The results indicated that 14 compounds in the extract from the flowers of T. ledebouri had been identified by direct comparison in both positive and negative ion mass data, they were vevatric acid, vanillic acid, orietin, orietin-2″-O-β-L-galactopyranoside, orietin-2″-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, quercetin, hyperoside, vitexin, apigenin, luteolin, acacetin-7- O-neohesperidoside, acacetin, pectolinarigenin, and salvigenin. Conclusion: UPLC-Q-TOF-MS could be used to analyze the constituents in the extract from flowers of T. ledebouri and to provide the protection for the quality control of the pieces as well as the stability and efficacy in the late stage clinical application, and to provide a reference for clarifying the material basis of its efficacy.

The incidence of malignant melanoma, a highly fatal skin tumor, is on the rise worldwide. Melanomas are highly aggressive and have strong metastatic capability that leads to lethality. Recurrence occurs in patients with distant metastases, even with the latest treatments, and median survival is only a few months. At present, the prevention and treatment of melanoma includes surgical resection, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy. However, these strategies can lead to drug resistance and adverse effects. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have found that natural products have effective anti-melanoma activities, including inhibition of tumor growth, induction of cell apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis and toxicity to tumor stem cells. In addition, several studies have reported that the combination of natural products and traditional anti-melanoma drugs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy. In this review we summarize the prevention and treatment of melanoma with natural products.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of formula of removing both phlegm and blood stasis (TYTZ) on myocardial tissues of Chinese mini-swine with coronary heart disease of phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome.

METHODTotally 36 Chinese mini-swine were randomly divided to six groups: the normal control group, the model group, the Danlou tablet group, and TYTZ groups with doses of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 g x kg(-1), with six in each group. Except for the normal control group, all of other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 2 weeks. Interventional balloons are adopted to injure their left anterior descending artery endothelium. After the operation, they were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to prepare the coronary heart disease model of phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome in Chinese mini-swine. After the operation, they were administered with drugs for 8 weeks. The SOD activity and MDA content of each group were observed at the 0th week (before the experiment), the 2nd week after the high-fat diet (before the operation or drug administration) , the 6th week after the high-fat diet (4 weeks after the drug administration) and the 10th week after the high-fat diet (8 weeks after the drug administration). Meanwhile, the myocardial enzymogram test and the HE staining pathological observation were performed at the end of the experiment. The changes in the myocardial cell ultra-structure were observed under transmission electron microscope.

RESULTCompared with the normal control group, the model group showed significant decrease in serum SOD activity and notable increase in MDA content from the 2nd week to the end of experiment (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). In the 10th week, the CK, LDH and CK-MB levels in serum also significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), with obvious structural abnormality in myocardial tissue pathologic morphology and ultra-structure. Compared with the model group, TYTZ groups showed specific increase in serum SOD activity and oblivious decrease in the MDA level (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Meanwhile, TYTZ could significantly decrease serum CK and LDH levels in the model group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), attenuate the ischemia injury of myocardial tissue, and improve the ultra-structure of cardiomyocytes.

CONCLUSIONTYTZ shows an obvious protective effect on the myocardial injury in Chinese mini-swine with coronary heart disease of phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome. Its mechanism is related to the resistance against free radical oxidation injury and the inhibition of the lipid per-oxidation.

Animals ; Coronary Artery Disease ; genetics ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mucus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of c-myb in reflux esophagitis, Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

METHODSThe expression levels of c-myb in the esophageal mucosa tissue of patients with reflux esophagitis, Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe expression levels of c-myb mRNA in Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal and reflux esophagitis esophageal tissue (P<0.05 or 0.01), and increased progressively with the development of reflux esophagitis into Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression level of c-myb mRNA is closely related with the development of Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma, and may be used as a valuable index for monitoring the early onset and intervention of Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Barrett Esophagus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucous Membrane ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotypes and differential diagnosis of Kimura's disease (KD) and epithelioid hemangioma (EH).

METHODSNine cases of KD and three cases of EH were evaluated by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSIn this series, KD occurred predominantly in males, whereas EH had a female predilection. Both KD and EH arose most frequently in the head and neck region. However, KD usually presented as multiple subcutaneous nodules or swellings and was accompanied by lymphadenopathy in some cases. On the other hand, EH appeared only as a small skin nodule or red plaque. Histologically, both lesions may involve the dermis or subcutis. All the 9 KD cases displayed florid hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue, of which, 7 cases exhibited formation of lymphoid follicles and active germinal centers. Proliferation of post-capillary venules were seen between follicles. They were lined by plump or attenuated endothelial cells. Large number of eosinophils aggregated around the vessels or adjacent to the follicles, formation of microabscesses were observed in 3 cases. All the 3 EH cases showed prominent proliferation of vessels (capillary-sized in 2 cases and small to medium-sized in 1 case). The vessels were lined by epithelioid endothelial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The endothelial cells also proliferated within the lumen in 1 case and grew in sheets or cords adjacent to the vessel walls in 2 cases. Some endothelial cells contained intracytoplasmic vacuoles, suggesting formation of primitive vessels. Associated inflammatory component was noted in 2 cases. Lymphoid follicles however were not present and eosinophil infiltration was not as prominent as in KD. Immunohistochemical study in KD revealed B cells in the lymphoid follicles and mostly T cells in the interfollicular regions. In EH, the epithelioid endothelial cells showed strong reactivity to CD31 and factor VIII-related antigen.

CONCLUSIONSKD and EH are two distinctive entities. The former represents a lymphoid hyperplasia and the latter represents a benign vascular tumor. Recognition of the clinical characteristics and morphologic features of KD and EH is very important in making this distinction.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Sex Factors ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo sum up the clinical experience in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with the prostate weighing over 80 ml by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) combined with 2 μm continuous-wave laser vaporesection (LVR).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of TURP combined with 2 μm LVR in the treatment of 46 cases of BPH with the prostate volume > 80 ml.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully accomplished. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were (112.0 ± 20.0) min (range 86-176 min) and (77.9 ± 25.9) ml (range 50-200 ml), respectively. The catheters were withdrawn at 7 days after surgery. Transient urinary incontinence occurred in 6 cases and secondary hemorrhage was found in 2 postoperatively. Six-month follow-up revealed no urethral stricture or other complications. Compared with the baseline, the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was significantly decreased at 6 months after operation (26.3 ± 1.8 vs 11.6 ± 1.7, P <0.05), and so were the quality of life (QOL) score (5.3 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 1.1, P <0.05) and post-void residual urine (PVR) ([115.5 ± 55.6] ml vs [19.9 ± 11.6] ml, P <0.05). However, the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was remarkably increased from (4.1 ± 2.6) ml/s to (16.2 ± 1.7) ml/s (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONTURP combined with 2 μm LVR is safe and effective for the treatment of BPH with the prostate volume >80 ml.

Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology ; Urinary Retention