Objective To study the distribution of variable number tande repeat(VNTR) polymorphisms of the platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅰ b? in Han nationality at Harbin and the relationship between these polymorpbisms and cerebral infarction(CI).Methods The identification of alleles and genotypes of VNTR polymorphism of the glycoprotein Ⅰ b? gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)in 200 healthy individuls and 200 CI patients(77 lacunar infarction patients and 123 atherosclerotic thrombotic infarction patients),to analyze The relationship between gene polymorphisms and cerebral infarction.Results(1)There were three types of alleles:B、C、D,and five types genotypes:BC,BD,CC, CD,DD in Harbin Han nationality.No person with A allele and BB genotype was found.(2)No statistically significant differences of GP Ⅰ b? gene VNTR polymorphism was found between CI patients or subtype CI patients and controls(P=0.412 and 0.572,respectively).Conclusions(1)This study indicates that the C and D alleles of VNTR polymorphisms of GP Ⅰ b? are the main alleles while the CC and CD genotypes are the main genotypes in Harbin Han people.(2)Our findings indicate that no association exists between the VNTR polymorphism of platelet GP Ⅰ b? gene and CI.

Visual perceptual learning refers to the special improvement of perceptual performance benefit from repetitive training with a visual task.A typical time course of visual perceptual learning presents an initial rapid improvement,and then gradually processes like an asymptote in gain.During the process of perceptual learning,the influence of critical amount and perceptual learning rules on learning effect,memory consolidation and interference,and the role of sleep on preventing interference and promoting consolidation in perceptual learning,all get involved.This article reviewed the aforesaid content and then elaborated some strategies in application of visual perceptual learning in the treatment of amblyopia.

Objective To explore the effect of treatment of children's stress hyperglycemia with glucose-insulin-potassium.Methods Thirty children with stress hyperglycemia were randomly divided into two groups,15 cases in each group.Patients in the treated group were admi-nistered with glucose-insulin-potassium,whereas those in the control group,glucose were transfused at the speed

Objective To explore the diagnosis and curative effect of phenylketonuria(PKU) in Gansu.Methods Fifty-nine thousand nine hundred infants and 118 borderline cases were screened from Oct.1999 to Dec.2006.Three drops of venous blood was collected from the exterior or interior part in the heel,and trickled the venous blood onto the specialized filter paper,which could be formed into 3 bloodstains with the diameter of 0.8-1.0 cm.Phenylalanine(phe) was detected by chemiluminescence method,and PKU was screened by the PKU standard of diagnosis.Infants with PKU had been given low phe food.During the treatment,phe level,physical development and intellectual development were measured regularly.Patients′ body weight,height and head circumference were measured once 1 month.Patients′ intellectual quotient(IQ) were measured every half year(IQ was analyzed by Gesell test).Results were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software for t test.Results In total,93 patients with PKU were diagnosed and treated.Thirty-six cases were identified by neonatal screening before 3 mouths old.Mental retardation was found in 57 cases before 6 years old.After treatment with low-phe diet,the follow-up for early-treated patients revealed that their physical and mental development were normal,and height,weight and head circumference were in the normal amplitude,and the results of IQ was(92?12)scores.In later treated patients,abnormal behaviors were significantly improved and their developmental quotients were elevated.Before treatment,Gesell value was(57?20)scores;after 12-18 months treatment Gesell value was(70?20)scores.The difference was significant(t=1.705 P

Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; surgery ; Carotid Artery Injuries ; etiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microsurgery ; Random Allocation

In this study, an approach based on triple-color fluorescence probes was developed for screening potential nephro-protective bioactive substances. Three fluorescent probes (i. e. FDA, MTR and Hoechst 33342) were used to label HK-2 cells injured by doxorubicin hydrochloride, and cellular fluorescence images were subsequently acquired and analyzed by a cellular-fluorescence image microscopy platform. The established method was applied to screening 53 components of Carthami Flos, and three components C17, C18 and C19 were found to exhibit nephroprotective effects against doxorubicin hydrochloride induced injury on HK-2 cells. Eight compounds (i. e. hydroxysafflor yellow A, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside-6-O-glucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3,6-di-O-gluco-side or 6-hydroxykaempferol-6, 7-di-O-glucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-glucoside or 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside, rutin, isoquercetin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside) in components C17, C18 and C19 were preliminarily identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Isoquercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and hydroxysafflor yellow A were confirmed by comparing with reference substances, Further study indicated that these four compounds had moderate nephroprotective effects, while isoquercetin showed a significant nephroprotective effect in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that isoquercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and hydroxysafflor yellow A might be the nephroprotective bioactive substances in Carthami Flos.
Carthamus ; chemistry ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Kidney ; chemistry ; cytology ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Humans ; Infant ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Nephrectomy ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; WT1 Proteins ; metabolism ; Wilms Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at points along Foot Yangming Channel on metabolite of ulcerative colitis (UC) rats' cerebral cortex and to identify key metabolites by referring to Pi/Wei-brain related theory in Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSThe UC rat model was set up by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) method. Male SD rats were randomly divided into the model group and the EA group, 13 in each group. Another 13 rats were recruited as the blank control group. Rats in the blank control group and the model group received no EA. EA was performed at Zusanli (ST36), Shangjuxu (ST37), and Tianshu (ST25) for 5 days by using disperse-dense wave. Then all rats were sacrificed. Their recto-colon and the ileocecal junction were pathomorphologically observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Cerebral cortexes were extracted. Water-soluble and lipid-soluble brain tissue metabolites were respectively extracted for metabolic research using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR).

RESULTSEA could obviously improve the general condition of UC model rats, decrease the value of DAI, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the intestinal tract, stabilize structures such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and so on (P <0.05). 1HNMR analysis showed that in the model group, contents of glutamic acid, cholesterol, very low density lipoproein (VLDL) in the pallium obviously decreased, while alanine and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly increased. After EA, levels of lactic acid, glutamic acid, total cholesterol (TC), and VLDL all increased, and levels of alanine and LDL decreased. All indices were approximate to those of the blank control group.

CONCLUSIONEA at Foot Yangming channel was found to have some effect on metabolites in the brain tissue of UC model rats, which had specific metabonomic material basis and mechanism based on the Pi/Wei-brain related theory.

Objective To investigate the effects of overexpression of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein on placental oxidative stress and fetal cardiac function in pregnant mice with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods Thirty-six pregnant mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, pcDNA group and Nrf2 group. Pregnant mouse model of gestational diabetes was establish by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ); mice in each group were transfected with corresponding adenovirus or saline. RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA and protein in the placenta of pregnant mice. Fasting blood glucose was measured, uterine index, total number of fetuses and abortion rate were calculated. The placental superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in pregnant mice were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver and kidney tissue of pregnant mice. The protein expression level of Nrf2 in the heart tissue of offspring mice was detected by Western blotting. The heart rate (HR), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shortening fraction (FS) of offspring mice were measured; ELISA was performed to detect the serum contents of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and myoglobin (MB) of offspring mice. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of myocardium in offspring mice. Results Compared with the control group, the Nrf2 mRNA level, Nrf2 protein expression level, SOD activity and GSH content, as well as the HR, LVSP, LVEF and FS of the offspring mice were obviously reduced in model group and pcDNA group (P<0.05); the fasting blood glucose, abortion rate and MDA content in pregnant mice, as well as the contents of CK-MB, MB and cTnI in offspring mice increased, while the uterine index and total fetal number decreased significantly (P<0.05); while the above indicators showed no significant difference in Nrf2 group. Compared with the model group, the Nrf2 mRNA level and protein expression level, SOD activity, GSH content, as well as the HR, LVSP, LVEF and FS of offspring increased significantly in Nrf2 group; the fasting blood glucose, abortion rate and MDA content in pregnant mice, as well as the contents of CK-MB, MB and cTnI in offspring mice decreased, while the uterine index and total fetal number increased significantly (P<0.05); while the above indicators showed no significant difference in pcDNA group. In addition, HE staining results showed that Nrf2 overexpression reduced the pathological damage of liver and kidney tissues of diabetic pregnant mice and the myocardial damage of the offspring mice. Conclusion Over-expression of Nrf2 protein can alleviate placental oxidative stress in gestational diabetic pregnant mice and maintain the cardiac function of the offspring mice.

Objective To find out whether people in Xinzhou Shanxi know the hazard of both iodine deficiency disorders and drinking-water-borne endemic tluorosis,in Xinzhou Shanxi and to promote people actively participate in prevention of the diseases and to achieve a sustainable development of health education in endemic diseases.Methods Ningwu,Baode,Kelan and Jingle Counties were selected to carry out the.health education program of iodine deficiency disorders and Wutai,Xinfu and Fanshi counties were selected to carry out the health education project of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Xinzhou City Shanxi Province in 2011.To carry out the base line questionnaire survey,in the beginning and at the end of the project,three townships from each county were chosen,and one primary school was selected from each chosen township,15 housewives were selected from each chosen township and 30 fifth grade students were selected from each primary school.Results ① The baseline survey:a total of 366 pupils of grade 5 and 183 housewives were investigated,and the awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders was 77.41％ (850/1098) and 80.33％ (441/549),respectively; a total of 270 pupils of grade 5 and 138 housewives were investigated,and the awareness rate of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis was 80.74％ (654/810) and 81.40％ (337/414),respectively; ② The effect evaluation:a total of 366 pupils of grade 5 and 181 housewives were investigated,and the awareness rates of iodine deficiency disorders were 91.62％ (1006/1098) and 92.45％ (502/543),which were compared with that of baseline investigation,and the awareness rates were improved significantly (x2 =84.69,34.04,all P ＜ 0.01); a total of 270 pupils of grade 5 and 138 housewives were investigated,awareness rates of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis were 93.95％ (761/810) and 93.48％(387/414),which were compared with that of baseline survey,and the awareness rates were improved significantly(x2 =63.94,27.47,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions After implementation of health education project on endemic diseases,the self-protection awareness of the fifth grade students and housewives is promoted effectively,awareness of prevention knowledge on endemic diseases is raised,which lays a foundation for controlling and eliminating the endemic diseases.