It is important and necessary for the teaching process in histology and embryology integrated by psychological quality.The psychological quality of teachers can be improved by professional training and by themselves.Teachers should teach everyone differently according to the different psychological character of medical students who are born after 1990.Teachers can improve psychological quality of medical students in teaching process including the discussion,visiting the embryo sample and the second class.

Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Pneumonia ; genetics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; genetics

Objective To approach the method for improving the intellectual development,of whom had suffered from parity′s brain damage.Methods The patients were divided into 2 groups randomly(age range from 7 days to 18 months) who were observed and compared for 3 years.Group A was bundle of intervention which had been under early intervention program since infant.Group B was bundle of comparing of which had not been under early intervention.Results Observed for 6 months and 12 months,the intellectual development of group A was prior to that of group B(age 6 months P

Objective To investigate the role of electromyography(EMG) in diagnosis of nervous system diseases in children.(Met)-hods EMG tests were carried out in 354 patients with nervous system diseases,and the data and results of EMG tests were analyzed.Results One hundred and sixty-six patients′ results of EMG were abnormal.Among these abnormalities,36 cases were myogenic,47 cases were neurogenic,abnormalities of 69 cases were located in peripheral nerves,3 cases got positive in repetitive nerve stimulation(RNS),and 11 cases were on the borderline.In 36 myogenic patients,clinical diagnosis were as follow: progressive muscular dystrophy(PMD,18 cases),polymyositis(2 cases),mitochondrial encephalomyopathy(1 case), and the other 15 cases had no definite diagnosis.In 47 neurogenic patients,the diagnosis were spinal muscular atrophy(SMA,29 cases),sequela of poliomyelitis(2 cases),acute transverse myelitis(ATM,4 cases),and the other 12 patients had no definite diagnosis.In 69 cases of peripheral nerve abnormality,diagnosis were injury of brachial nerve(23 cases),hereditary motor sensory neuropathy(HMSN,2 cases),Guillain-Barre syndrome(GBS,9(ca)-ses),chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy(CIDP,1 case),injury of facial nerve(4 cases),injury of common(pe)-roneal nerve(6 cases),metachromatic leukodystrophy(MLD,1 case),and the other 23 patients had no definite diagnosis.Three patients who got RNS positive were all diagnosed myasthenia gravis(MG),and ocular type(1 case),general type(2 cases).Eleven patients whose EMG results were borderline were all diagnosed indefinitely.One hundred and eighty-eight patients had normal results of EMG test.The diagnosis of these patients were included ocular MG(21 cases),cerebral palsy(CP,5 cases),ATM(2 cases),polymyositis((1 case)),and some other nervous system diseases(21 cases),and the other 138 were diagnosed indefinitely.Conclusions 1.EMG plays an important role in definite diagnosis of PMD,SMA,poliomyelitis and nerve injury;2.EMG can provide clue or basis in the differential(dia)gnosis of nervous system diseases which involved lower motor unit;3.EMG test has very low positive results in children with MG;(4.EMG) has little help in diagnosis of diseases involved upper motor unit only.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and LRRK2 gene mutation in patients with autosomal dominant familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods The clinical features of 16 autosomal dominant familial PD probands were analyzed in terms of age at onset, onset symptoms, UPDRS scores, response to the levodopa treatment and drug-induced dyskinesia. The LRRK2 gene exons 5,13,31,32,35,37,41 and 48 of 16 probands were sequenced after polymerase chain reaction. The novel mutation was further screened in 24D sporadic PD patients and 214 controls using PCR-RFLP for the genotypo frequency analysis. Results Clinically, most of 16 probands had late-onset age. Resting tremor (9patients, 56. 25%,t=0.558,P=0.679)and bradykinesia (9 patients,56.25%,t=0.369,P=0.454)were common onset symptoms followed by rigidity(6 patients,37.50%,t=1.324,P=0.735)and postural instability(5 patients,31.25%,t=2.369,P=0.956).Majority of them had good response to levedopa treatment and rare occurrence of drug-induced dyskinesia. Among the 16 autosomal dominant familial PD probands,6 variants were identified:c.457 T＞C(Leu153Leu),c.1432 G＞T(Asp478Tyr),c.5457 T＞C(Gly1819Gly),c.7153 G＞A(Gly2385Arg),IVS31+28 T＞G and IVS37+162 T＞C. The c.1432G＞T(Asp478Tyr)variant was a novel mutation and it was not detected in 240 sporadic PD patients and 214 controls. The reported mutations associated with the PD, such as Arg1441 Cys/Gly/His, Arg1514Gln, Tyr1699Cys, Ile2012Thr, Gly2019Ser and Ile2020Thr,were not found in our study. Conclusions The autosomal dominant familial PD patients present with classical symptoms of PD and bear the LRRK2 variantsAsp478Tyr and Gly2385Arg.

For the purpose of exploring the teaching reform model and method, also promoting the quality of talents in acupuncture and tuina field, the research-based teaching model is applied into the course of Theory of Meridians and Acupoints. This method includes two parts of teaching and learning. For teachers, they bring modern research focus and trend into teaching through questionnaire survey among students, aiming to integrate the education inside and outside class. For students, they are guided to resolve the opening, enlightening and scalable issues through consulting abundant resources of literature and database to achieve autonomous participation in the course of learning. By this teaching method, it is expected to train the student's ability of expanding their thinking, as well as discovering, analyzing and solving the problem.
Acupuncture ; education ; methods ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; psychology ; Humans ; Learning ; Meridians ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; education ; methods ; psychology ; Students, Medical ; psychology

Breast Feeding ; Canada ; Caregivers ; education ; Child ; Cross Infection ; prevention & control ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; organization & administration ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; methods ; Neonatal Nursing ; methods ; Parents ; education ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'

Objective To evaluate the roles of magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of meningiomas. Methods 98 patients with meningiomas underwent conventional pre-contrast MR and contrast MR. Among them, 28 cases had two dimensional single voxel or multi voxel 1 H-MRS simultaneously both in the lesion's region and the contralateral side. Results On precontrast MR images of 98 cases, T1 WI showed 58.1% (61/105) isointensities, 31.4% (33/105) faintly low intensities and 10. 5% (11/105) mixed intensities; T2WI showed 40. 0% (42/105) isointensities, 41.0%(43/105) hyperintensities, 10.5% (11/105) faintly low intensities and 8.5% (9/105) mixed intensities. After administration of Gd-DTPA, the solid part of the tumors exhibited various enhancement in all the 98 cases.28 cases of MRS exhibited specific different spectral peaks, including increased of choline-containing compounds(Cho), absent or decreased of acetylaspartate(NAA), and the unchanged of creatine(Cr). The value of NAA, Cr, Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho in the tumor center of meningioma were 0. 09 ± 0.06,0.31 ± 0. 22, 0.46 ± 0. 16, 0.33 ± 0. 42, 1.50 ± 0. 68, 0. 15 ± 0.08, compared with the contralateral normal region, Cr has no significant difference (P ＞ 0. 05), NAA, Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho had significantly differences(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Conventional pre-contrast MR and contrast MR is the most important dignostic means for meningiomas, 1H-MRS combined with MRI can improve the diagnostic accuracy of meningiomas.

Objective To evaluated the application value of mean corpuscular volume(MCV) and red blood cell volume distribu-tion width(RDW) in predicting early treatment responses of non-severe aplastic anemia(NSAA) .Methods 101 cases of patients who were newly diagnosed with non-severe aplastic anemia and were treated with Cyclosporine (CsA)combined androgen therapy . Treatment before baseline MCV ,RDW value were measured ,treatment for 3 months ,6 months test routine blood ,reticulocyte indi-cators and treatment results were statistically analyzed and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of MCV ,RDW in predicting early treatment results .Results The level of MCV and RDW in non-severe aplastic anemia were significantly higher than normal reference .the responded patients had significantly higher pretreatment base-line MCV value than those non-responded .especially at 6 month ,baseline MCV were 105 .10 fl and 98 .30 fl respectively (P=0 .025) .the responded patients had significantly lower pretreatment baseline RDW value than those non-responded .especially at 3 month .baseline RDW were 14 .60% and 16 .60% respectively(P=0 .001) .The cutoff level of MCV (100 fL) and RDW (15 .55% ) for the predicting 3 and 6 month treatment responses were established based on the ROC curve ,with degree of accurancy of MCV was 62 .4% ,61 .4% and RDW 70 .3% ,63 .4% respectively .compared the treatment efficacy acuity MCV ≥100 fL/RDW <15 .55%group was significantly better than MCV < 100 fL/RDW≥15 .55% group .Multivariate analysis showed that pretreatment RDW and absolute reticulocyte value was the early prognostic factor of NSAA treatment effect .84 patients with ARC ≥ 20 × 109/L , through RDW cutoff Layered compare treatment response :RDW<15 .55% group was significantly better than the RDW≥15 .55%group(P=0 .000) .Conclusion MCV can not serve as of a significant predictor of early treatment response in non-severe aplastic a-nemia .RDW can serve as of the bone marrow failure severity indicators and a significant predictor of early treatment response in non-severe aplastic anemia .The joint reticulocyte absolute value parameters ,which can more accurately predict treatment efficacy .

OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between the analgesic effect of balance acupuncture and functional changes in brain in patients with migraine without aura. METHODS: A total of 40 cases of migraine without aura were equally randomized into a headache-acupoint group and a sham-acupoint group. When acupuncture given, a filiform needle was inserted into the headache-acupoint (the midpoint of the depression region anterior to the juncture of the first and second metatarsal bones on the dorsum of the foot) or the sham point (the midpoint of the depression region anterior to the juncture site between the 3rd and 4th metatarsal joints of the dorsum of the foot) about 25-40 mm deep and manipulated for a while till the patient experienced feelings of electric shock and numbness, then withdrawn immediately. The treatment was conducted once daily for 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the severity of pain, and the regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess changes of the spontaneous brain activity. RESULTS: After acupuncture, the analgesic effect of headache-acupoint was better than that of the sham-acupoint in both intervention stage and the follow-up stage (P< 0.05), and was also stronger in the intervention stage than in the follow-up stage (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the analgesic effect between the intervention stage and the follow-up stage in the sham-acupoint group (P>0.05). Compared with pre-intervention, 4-weeks' intervention at the headache-acupoint showed an increase of ReHo values in the anterior cingulate gyrus, anterior central gyrus, superior orbital frontal gyrus, insula, inferior lobule, left anterior cingulate gyrus, ventral lateral nucleus and ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus, pontine nucleus, cerebellar tonsils and orbital frontal inferior gyrus of the brain (P<0.05), and a decrease of ReHo values in the right brain bridge, central posterior gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, left central anterior gyrus, posterolateral nucleus of thalamus, and hippocampus (P<0.05), separately. In the sham-acupoint group, the ReHo value was increased in the right tongue gyrus, the left anterior lobe, the anterior cingulate gyrus and the lower occipital gyrus of the brain (P<0.05), and reduced in the left ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, separately (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Balance acupuncture stimulation of headache acupoint has an analgesic effect in migraine patients without aura, which may be related to its effect in regulating resting state brain function of the limbic-system-dominated multiple brain regions.