Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of migraine patients with white matter le-sions (WMLs). Methods One hundred ten clinically diagnosed migraine patients who underwent magnetic resonance im-aging (MRI) scans from October, 2010 to August, 2013 were enrolled in Shandong Provincial Hospital. One hundred ten migraine patients were divided into two groups:WMLs group and non-WMLs group based on the presence or absence of WMLs in MRI scans. The clinical features of the patients and location and number of WMLs were investigated. Noncondi-tional multivariate stepwise logistic regression after univariate analysis was used to analyze the data. Odds ratio (0R) and 95 confidence interval after adjustment for possible confounding variables were calculated. Results①There were 36 patients with WMLs among the 110 migraine patients. The incidence of WMLs in migraine patients was 32.7%. The WMLs in migraine patients were predominantly present in the frontal and parietal lobes (59.1%). ② Compared with non-WMLs group, there were significant increases in disease duration (5.3±3.7 vs. 7.6±4.9, P﹤0.01), frequency of head-ache attack (3.5 ± 2.3 vs. 4.6 ± 2.2, P﹤0.05), aura (18.9%vs. 36.1%, P﹤0.05) and family history of migraine (12.2%vs. 44.4%, P﹤0.01) in WMLs group.③The independent risk factors of WMLs in migraine patients were family history of mi-graine (OR=5.995), aura (OR=3.067) and long disease duration (OR=1.165). Conclusions Family history of migraine, au-ra and disease duration are the predictive risk factors of WMLs in migraineurs.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective To design phacoemulsification handpiece with small size and high amplitude amplification coefficient.Methods By introducing the electro-mechanical vibration characteristics of piezoelectric transducer and ultrasonic horn,and adopting the equivalent circuit method and analytical method,respectively,the size of the ultrasonic horn,quarter wavelength piezoelectric transducer and ultrasonic horn were designed.Then,modal and harmonic analysis in finite element analysis software ANSYS11.0 were used to simulate the handpiece,and to optimize the size of the handpiece after adding on needle.Results The results indicated that the longitudinal vibration frequency and amplification coefficient were very close to theoretical design.The errors were 1.4％ and 5.8％,respectively.When piezoelectric ceramics were loaded with 300 V sinusoidal voltage,the displacement amplitude at the end of the needle reached 125.5 μm,which could meet the phacoemulsification surgery needs.Conclusion This design greatly reduced the size of the handpiece,and obtained high amplitude amplification coefficient.The simulation results sufficiently validated the theoretical design.

·AIM: To investigate the effect of the dipeptide Arg-Glnon retinal neovascularization of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) animalmodel.·METHODS.- Forty-eight 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 750mL/L oxygen for 5 days and then to normal situation to produce the murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). All mice received twice daily intra- peritoneal injections of PBS or the dipeptide Arg-Gln(1.0, 3.0, 5.0g/kg per day), starting on postnatal day 12 and continuing till postnatal day 17. Experimental groups (36 mice, 12 in each group) received Arg-Gln, while the control group (12 mice) received PBS. All mice were executed at postnatal day 17. The changes of retinal vessels of mice were observed by ADPase histochemical technique and HE staining was used to count preretinal neovascular nuclei. RNA was isolated from retinas of 28 mice (7 in each group) selected at random and VEGF mRNA level of each group was measured by real-time RT-PCR.·RESULTS; Neovascularization reduced in retinas of the dipeptide Arg-Gln treated group in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with control group, experimental group had diminished non-perfusion area and neovascular tufts in retinal flatmount. The number of the endo-theliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was significantly less in the eyes of the experimental group than in control group. Arg-Gln at 5g/kg per day reduced preretinal neovascularization by about 75% (P＜ 0.01). There was a significant reduction in VEGF mRNA at the 17th day in Arg-Gln treated group compared with control group(P＜0.01).·CONCLUSION; Arg-Gln dramatically inhibits retinal angiogenesis in OIR and this effect is associated with a reduction in retinal VEGF mRNA level. It appears to be a safe way to prevent and treat some neovascular retinal diseases including retinopathy of prematurity.

As a clean, efficient, and renewable energy, hydrogen is regarded as a promising alternative. Because of using biomass as substrate, microbial fermentative hydrogen production can meet the need of sustainable development. The factors affecting the process of microbial fermentative hydrogen production, are analyzed in this paper on the basis of microorganisms, substrates, products and operative parameters. The parameters related to hydrogen production from organic wastes, are also mentioned.

Aneurysm, Dissecting ; genetics ; Aortic Aneurysm ; genetics ; Diseases in Twins ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Background The fundus autofluorescence (FAF)can reflect the function of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) cell.As an invasive examination,it has been extensive used in retina disease,but there has not any report in syphilitic posterior uveitis.Objective This study was to characterize and contrast the FAF and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) findings in patients with syphilitic posterior uveitis.Methods A retrospective series of cases observational study was designed.The clinical data of 27 eyes from 18 patients with syphilitic posterior uveitis were included in Shanghai First People's Hospital from 2010 May to 2012 October,and all the patients were diagnosed by serologic and ophthalmic tests.The patients were assigned to acute stage group(with the course ＜2 months)and chronic stage group(with the course ≥ 2 months).FFA,ICGA and FAF were performed respectively on all the patients,and the examination results were compared and analyzed.Results In the affected eyes with syphilitic posterior uveitis,the FFA image showed a retinal vasculitis sign and mottle-like fluorescence appearance in posterior pole and equator zone,and some affected eyes exhibited edema of optic disc and macula.Hypoautofluorescence zone was seen in the acute stage group and cystoid macular edema was found in the chronic stage group.ICGA presented with a wider damage of RPE,especially in the later phase of ICGA.A confluent of hyperautofluorescence with hypoautofluorescence in the posterior fundus,punctiform hyperautofluorescence as well as hypoautofluorescence in papillitis and macular edema were found on the FAF image.Conclusions The pathological basis of syphilitic posterior uveitis is retinal vasculitis and papillitis.ICGA indicates the damage of choroid membranes and RPE,and FAF reflects a metabolism disorder of RPE in the acute stage and atrophy and loss of RPE in the chronic stage.FAF is helpful for the diagnosis of syphilitic posterior uveitis as an assistant index.

Molecular identification of Chinese traditional medicine has come from laboratory research into application, but there are some misunderstandings and problems emerging after rapid development. In this paper, we discuss the usage principle, hot field and technology innovation in molecular identification of Chinese traditional medicine. And molecular identification of traditional Chinese medicine has scientific and objective basis, follows the certain systematic research background, and adopts practical principles to establish case by case multi-class identification system. In order to achieve rapid, on-site, high throughput, low cost of traditional Chinese medicine identification purpose, molecular identification technology is further developing for meet the actual needs and the laboratory results further transformation in the service of traditional Chinese medicine industry.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Quality Control

Effects of different drying methods including sun drying, steamed, boiled, constant temperature drying (at 40, 50, 60 °C) on appearance, hardness, rehydration ratio, dry rate, moisture, total ash, extractive and polysaccharides contents were studied to provide the basis of standard processing method for Tulipa edulis bulbus. The results showed that the treatments of sun drying and 40 °C drying showed higher rehydration ratios, but lower dry rate, higher hardness, worse color, longer time and obvious distortion and shrinkage in comparison with other drying methods. The treatments of 60 °C constant temperature drying resulted in shorter drying time, lower water and higher polysaccharides content. Drying time is shorter and appearance quality is better in the treatment of steaming and boiling compared with other treatments, but the content of extractive and polysaccharides decreased significantly. The treatments of 50 °C constant temperature drying led to similar appearance quality of bulb to commercial bulb, and it resulted in lowest hardness and highest dry rate as well as higher rehydration ratio, extractive and polysaccharides content, moderate moisture and total ash contents among these treatments. Based on the results obtained, 50 °C constant temperature drying is the better way for the processing of T. edulis bulbus.
Color ; Desiccation ; methods ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Quality Control ; Tulipa ; chemistry ; Water ; analysis

Objective To investigate the relapse risk assessment for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)through testing PML-RAR? fusion gene by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RQ-PCR).Methods Relative copies of PML-RAR? fusion gene were measured in 25 patients with APL in phases of first diagnosis,complete remission(CR)and relapse.The minimal residual disease(MRD)situations were also monitored in 6 of the 25 patients.Results Different PML-RAR? fusion gene expression levels were observed in patient groups of different phases of the disease.(P