Male genital lichen sclerosus (MGLSc) is a chronically relapsing disease characterized by a long course, gradual aggravation, and a tendency towards malignancy. Once called balanitis xerotica obliterans, MGLSc has a distinct predilection for the prepuce and glans, involving the urethra when aggravating, forming scarring tissues, and causing urethral stricture, which may seriously affect the patients'quality of life with such symptoms as urinary stream narrowing, dysuria, and painful penile erection. The etiology and pathogenesis of MGLSc have not yet been adequately explained though it is generally thought to be associated with autoimmune mechanism, genetic factors, infections, local trauma, and chronic urinary irritation. MGLSc can be fairly easily diagnosed according to its clinical manifestations and histopathological results, but can be hardly cured. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the most important approaches, which may relieve its symptoms, check its progression, and prevent its long-term sequelae. Ultrapotent topical corticosteroids are the choice for the treatment of MGLSc. For those who fail to respond to expectant medication or have dysuria due to urethral stricture and painful erection, rational surgery may be resorted to, with importance attached to long-term follow-up. This article presents an update of the diagnosis and treatment of MGLSc and MGLSc-induced urethral stricture.
Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Urethral Stricture ; etiology

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To assess the value of caval-atr ial venovenous bypass technique in resection of tumor thrombus for renal or adr enal carcinomas with inferior vena cava involvement. Methods From Mar.to Aug.of 2000,4 patients with renal or adrenal carcinoma extendi ng into inferior vena cava were admitted and evaluated.Radical nephrectomy and v ena cava thrombectomy were performed with the use of caval-atrial venovenous by pass technique. Results There was no significant change of hemodynamic parameters during vena cava thrombectomy.A part of tumor thrombu s in 1 case was left in situ because of its compact adhesion to the wall of infe rior vena cava.The tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava were completely removed in the other 3. Conclusions Caval-atrial venovenous byp ass technique is a simple and safe method during vena cava thrombectomy.

Objective To explore the changes and relationship of serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and leptin in children with growth hormone deficiency(GHD).Method Serum IGF-1 and leptin levels were measured by immunoradiometric assay in 20 prepuberal normal children and 23 children with GHD.Results Serum IGF-1 level in GHD group(51.158?29.988)?g/L was significantly lower than that in controls(112.680?41.540)?g/L.Serum leptin levels in GHD group(6.002?2.204)?g/L was significantly higher than that in controls(4.523?2.204)?g/L.There was no significant correlation between serum IGF-1 and leptin.Conclusion IGF-1 and leptin regulate growth in children with GHD in their individual way.

Objective: This study was undertaken to explore the effect of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) on failing heart after myocardial ischemia. By detecting the changes of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels within 6 hours after the implantation of LVAD, we review the basis on which neurohormones may be used to determine prognoses of failing heart and choose an optimal predictor. Methods: 15 adult healthy dogs were divided into 3 groups randomly. The LVAD was implanted in LA-AO bypass in all three groups. Myocardial ischemia was induced by ligating the main left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). In group A, after a ligation of 10 minutes, the myocardium was reperfused for 6 hours. In group B, after a ligation of 40 minutes, the myocardium was reperfused for 6 hours. In group C, after a ligation of 40 minutes, the LVAD was used for LV support for 6 hours. Results: After 6 hours reperfusion,in group C, the hemodynamics was significantly improved, the ANP, BNP and cTnI were return to normal level, and myocardial ultrastructure was recovered significantly. While in group B, the hemodynamic, the neurohormones, and myocardial ultrastructure were worse. Relational analysis demonstrated that ANP and cTnI levels were influenced by hemodynamics obviously, but there was a weak relationship between circulating BNP and hemodynamics. Plasma BNP level was able to identify the cardiac function status. Conclusion: LVAD can be beneficial to improve cardiac function and can reduce the plasma levels of ANP, BNP and cTnI. Plasma BNP level can identify the cardiac function status. Those findings indicated that plasma BNP determination provides important prognostic information about cardiac function and may be a better prognostic indicator.

Objective To explore the prevalence of ETS gene fusion in prostate cancer and its correlation with patient's clinicopathologic index.Methods Ninety-one samples from prostate needle biopsy cases with median age 75 (55-90) years and 18 samples from radical prostatectomy cases with median age 72 (63-81) years were collected from Oct.2010 to Feb.2012.TMPRSS2-ERG,TMPRSS2-ETV1 and TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were tested by multi-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay.Fusion positive and negative cases were compared with age,TNM stage,Gleason score (median Gleason score 7 (6-9)),and PSA value (median PSA 33.4 μg/L,mcan PSA 118.8 μg/L).In needle biopsy cases,there were early stage 32 (34％),locally advanced prostate cancer 36 (40％),metastasis 23 (26％) ; in radical prostatectomy cases,there were 9 cases in T2 stage,8 cases in T3 stage,1 cases in T4a stage,respectively.Results TMPRSS2-ERG fusions were present in 14.3％ (13/91,95％ confidence interval,0.071-0.215)biopsy specimens and in 11.1％ (2/18,95％ confidence interval,0-0.256) radical prostatectomy specimens.No TMPRSS2-ETV1 or TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were found in any cases.Altogether,13 (86.7％)cases possessed deletion pattern.And 7 (46.6％) hold insertion pattern.5 cases had both deletion and insertion pattern.38.5％ (5/13) deletion pattern had distant metastasis.Except one metastatic case harbored both deletion and insertion pattern,there was no insertion pattern accompanied with metastasis.There were no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age (P =1.000),PSA (P =1.138),primary Gleason score (P=2.186),Gleason score (P=2.107),TNM stage (P=2.052) and Risk Degree (P=2.597).Conclusions The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion positive cases harbor more deletion pattern than insertion pattern.There are no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age,PSA,Gleason score,TNM stage and Risk Degree.

Objective To summarize the clinical data of renal transplants survived with graft function more than 10 years and the adverse events during this period, and to discuss the main strategies for the long-term survival Methods Survival rate of renal transplants simultaneously survived with graft function > 10 years and grafts was counted respectively in total 1003 renal transplant recipients at our hospital before Dec. 31,1998 retrospectively. Their relevant survival,adverse events and initial post-operative immunosuppressive regimens were recorded simultaneously.Results As of Dec. 31, 2008, the 10-year survival rate of recipients was 62. 7% (629/1003), and recipients with graft function accounted for 85. 37 % (537/629). Of them, 94. 75 % (596/629) recipients received cyclosporine A (CsA) -based immunosuppression plus other antiproliferative immunosuppressive agents. Post-transplantation adverse events included coronary heart diseases in 57 cases (9. 06 %), liver damage in 32 cases (5. 09 %), malignancy in 29 cases (4. 61% ), diabetic mellitus in 25 cases (3. 97 %), apoplexy in 16 cases (2. 54 %), severe bone marrow depression in 14 cases (2. 23 %), femur head necrosis in 7 cases (1.11%), lower-extremity thrombosis in 3 cases (0. 48 %), sudden deafness in 2 cases (0. 32 %). There were 690 survival patients and 49 deaths including 19 (38. 78 %) due to cardiocerebral vascular accidents, 10 (20. 41%) due to malignancy, 9 (18. 37 %) due to hepatic failure, 4 (8. 16 %) due to infection, 3 (6. 12 %) due to treatment abandonment, 2 (4. 08 %) unknown reasons and 2 (4. 08 %) accidental deaths. Conclusion Long-term survival after renal transplantation is associated with the primary medication of CsA as the main immunosuppressive regimen. The non-immunologic factors such as the prevention and cure of cardioeerebral vascular diseases and the early finding of liver functional abnormality and tumor are the main points focused during follow-up.

0.05).However,the level of PRG-1 protein in cerebral cortex of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group at 7 d(t=2.347,P=0.041).Conclusion The up-regulated expression of PRG-1 in cerebral cortex may be associated with the recurrent neonatal seizure-induced brain damage.

AIM: To compare the clinical results of suture method and partial eyelash resection treating for pediatric eyelid trichiasis, and screen an effective method for the treatment of pediatric lower eyelid trichiasis.
METHODS: Fifty-six cases of pediatric patients with lower eyelid trichiasis were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group in accordance with the method of drawing lots, and each group was 28 cases. The control group was treated with suture method, and the observation group was treated with partial eyelash resection. The clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction before and after treatment, and the incidence of complications were compared.
RESULTS:(1) The clinically total effective rate was 74%of the control group, which was 89% of the observation group, and there were statistical differences of the clinical efficacy between the two groups ( P<0. 05 ); ( 2 ) the satisfaction scores were (3. 89±1. 22) points and (6. 27±1-86) points of the the control group before and after treatment, which were ( 4. 00±1. 34 ) points and ( 8-95±2-34) points of the observation group, and there were statistical differences of the two groups before and after treatment (P<0. 05), and the scores of the observation group were higher than that of the control group ( P<0-05);(3) complications such as swelling and stitches off appeared in both groups, and the rate was 21% in the control group, which was 11% in the observation group, and there were statistical differences between the two groups (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The treatment of children with lower eyelid trichiasis, suture method is simple and can be performed under local anesthesia in collaboration with children, but with a higher relapse rate, some patients required reoperation;partial resection of eyelashes can be more thoroughly solve the problem of pediatric eyelid trichiasis with low recurrence rate, but children need to be under general anesthesia with some of big risk. So partial resection of eyelashes is unsuitable for using in clinical practice widely and can be used in special cases.

50 years).The values of ADC,FA,?_1,?_2 and ?_3 in putamen and globus pallidus were calculated after diffusion tensor scanning,and then analyzed the differences between the two tissues.The differences of ADC,FA,?_1,?_2 and ?_3 values among age groups were analyzed by using analysis of variance(ANOVA),and their relationship with age were accessed by using Pearson correlation.Results Between the correspondent age groups,the ADC value was higher in the putamen[(6.68?0.40)?10~(-4),(6.47?0.36)?10~(-4),(6.44?0.34)?10~(-4)mm~2/s]than that in the golbus pallidus[(6.13?0.50)?10~(-4),(6.05?0.33?10~(-4),(6.05?0.52)?10~(-4)mm~2/s],and the value of FA in the putamen(0.20?0.03,0.23?0.03,0.25?0.03)was lower than that in the globus pallidus(0.35?0.03,0.36?0.03,0.37?0.04).ANOVA analysis of the FA value among age groups revealed there were significant differences in the putamen(F=10.082,P=0.000),and the same analysis of eigenvalue ?_3 in the putamen also showed significant differences(F=5.675,P=0.005).The FA value in the putamen was significantly elevated with aging(r=0.555,P