As a vital part of human body, the brain executes junior and senior function through coordination and interaction of different functional regions. Modern scientific research showed that there were many human brain functional networks in the resting-state. The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging technology, which was getting more and more mature, taking opportunities for brain functional networks and was widely used in nervous and mental diseases, providing new methods and ideas for the diagnosis and assessment of nervous and mental diseases. This paper focused on the brain mechanism research methods based on resting-state networks and its application in nervous and mental diseases.

Objective To increase the ultimate yield of periplocin in Periploca sepium adventitious root cultures by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.Methods Firstly,the effects of nitrogen source(NH<'+><,4>-NO<'-><,3>-)at different ratios and different total initial nitrogen amounts on the accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in adventitious root cultures of P sepium were investigated,and growth and production media for the two-stage culture based on the above results were established.Results The highest biomass and periplocin content were obtained in the culture medium of 15 mmol/L total nitrogen amount with NH<'+><,4>-NO<,3>(1:2)and 30 mmol/L total nitrogen amount with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source.By adopting a fed-batch cultivation strategy,the dry weight adventitious root,periplocin content and yield were increased by 136%,108%,and 389%,respectively when compared with those of the control,reaching up to 8.13 g/L,157.15 μg/g,and 1277.63 μg/L,respectively.Furthermore,it was found that in the process of two-stage culture,the adventitious roots grew thicker significantly after they were transferred into production medium directly.Conclusion The ultimate yield of periplocin in P.sepium adventitious root cultures could be significantly increased by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.

AIM:To investigate the timing and efficacy of vitrectomy for patients with vitreous hemorrhage(VH) due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS:Retrospective analysis.Patients who presented to our hospital between Feburary 2012 and May 2014 with VH secondary to PDR treated with vitrectomy were included.All patients were divided into three groups according to the duration of VH.A group was less than 1mo for 22 eyes, B group was 1-3mo for 23 eyes, C group was more than 3mo for 25 eyes.All patients underwent intravitreal injection of ranibizumab 1-2wk before vitrectomy, and supplemented or finished panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) intraoperatively or postoperatively.Patients with cataract accepted phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.Eyes filling silicone oil were implanted intraocular lens in the second phase.All patients were followed up 24 to 42mo (mean:28.7mo).We assessed the intraoperative complications such as hemorrhage, iatrogenic retinal hole, and postoperative complications such as vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma.Macular edema and best corrected visual acuity were observed at every follow-up.RESULTS:There was no significant difference for other baseline data (P>0.05) but DR stage between three groups (P=0.033).There was significant difference of last follow up visual acuity between three groups (P<0.001).The significant difference can be seen between group A and B (P=0.03).The same outcome showed between Group A and C(P<0.001).There was no significant difference between Group B and C (P>0.05).The percentage of visual acuity was 0.5 and above in the three groups were:41%, 23%, 0 respectively.The patients with visual acuity of less than 0.1 were 5%, 26% and 40% respectively.Silicone oil filling rate of three groups were:9%, 26%, 40% respectively and there was no significantly difference between three groups on postoperative complications (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Patients with VH due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy undergoing early vitrectomy may get better visual acuity than who accepting delayed vitrectomy.

Animals ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Lipid Bilayers ; Potassium Channels ; Sarcolemma ; physiology ; Swine

Objective The factors influencing the dose distribution of intracavitary brachytherapy for moderately advanced and advanced uterine cervical cancer was studied.Methods Ninty-five patients with cervical cancerⅡ～Ⅲb who received radical radiation therapy in our department from Aug,2004 to Nov,2005,were treated with after-loading brachytherapy using,first,the self-designed“Mutipurpose Hori- zontal Transit Table”(MPHTT) for locating and treatment before the intracavitaray brachytherapy proper. The deviation of isodose curve based on A-B reference system,and the dose of deviation was defined by measuring in a practical standard phantom.Results There were significant influence on the deviation of i- sodose curve in pathology and para-metrial infiltration of cervical cancer and operating skill,but negative to clinical stage.The degree of deviation of isodose curve could not be lowered with the increase in sessions of intracavitary brachytherapy.Conclusions It is necessary to perform the locating,by use of mphtt,before the proper brachytherapy for patients with cervical cancer,not only for the identification of the deviation of i- sodose curve,but also to provide the evidence for revising the plan for dose adjustment of conformal radiation therapy in the pelvic cavity.

Objective To understand the changes of positive rates of IHA detections of outpatients in schistosomiasis clinic. Results The data of IHA detections of outpatients in schistosomiasis clinic in Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed statistically from 2005 to 2014. Results A total of 7 113 outpatients were detected by IHA test,and 547 of them were positives with a positive rate of 7.69%. The positive rate of IHA test was on an upward slope be?fore 2008,and the rate reached 14.85% in 2008,which was significantly higher than that in 2005(5.81%)( χ2 = 47.40,P<0.01),then it was on a declined stage after 2008,and the positive rate decreased to 3.76 in 2014,which was significantly lower than that in 2008( χ2 = 12.29,P<0.01). The positive rate of outpatients in the 10~<30 years age group was higher than those in other age groups(all P < 0.012 5),and the male positives were more than the female ones. Conclusions The schisto?somiasis endemic situation has been significantly decreased in Hubei Province. The male and people in 10~<30 age group are the high risk groups,so the targeted health education should be strengthened.

Objective To determine the impact of fluorine and aluminum,and both action combined on the number of rat osteoclasts and bone resorption cultured in vitro and to explore its mechanisms.Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured,respectively,in TC199 medium (containing 10％ fetal bovine serum) with fluoride,aluminum and fluoride combined with aluminum.The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice,BMSCs in 6-well culture plate,and culture medium was changed after 2 hours incubation.The cells were divided into control group,fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group; the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,1.0 × 10-4,0,1.0 × 10-4 mol/L and the doses of aluminum chloride were 0,0,1.0 × 10-5,1.0 × 10-5 mol/L,respectively.Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue.The expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in BMSCs after 8 h treatment.Results ① Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the numbers of osteoclasts (F =7.15,6.56 and 7.98,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The numbers of osteoclasts in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(136.9 ± 22.99),(135.4 ± 23.5),(163.0 ± 24.4) per well] were higher than that in the control group[(92.5 ± 22.1) per well,all P ＜ 0.05].② Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the resorption pit area on ivory slices(F =10.47,12.64,14.29,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The resorption pit area on ivory slices in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(0.242 ± 0.031),(0.293 ± 0.026),(0.333 ± 0.016)mm2 per slice] was higher than that in the control group [(0.088 ± 0.030)mm2 per slice,all P ＜ 0.05].③Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs (F =8.15,15.38,23.59,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group [(193.98 ± 137.93)％,(326.11 ± 176.78)％,(599.84 ± 275.82)％] were higher than that in the control group[(100.00 ± 56.02)％,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Both fluoride and aluminum can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote cell differentiation and bone resorption activity,which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.The stimulating effects of fluoride on osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption is enhanced by aluminum.

Objective To determine the effects of fluoride on osteoclasts's quantity and bone resorption function in vitro and its mechanisms. Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured respectively in TC199 medium (containing 10% fetal bovine serum) with fluoride. The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice, BMSCs were inoculated in 6- well culture plate, respectively, medium were changed after 2 hours incubation. They were divided into control group, low-dose fluoride, medium-dose fluoride and high-dose fluoride groups, the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,2.5 × 10-5,5.0 × 10-5,10.0 × 10-5 mol/L, respectively. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 2nd and the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue. The expression of receptor activator of NK-κβ ligand(RANKL) and osteoprotegerin(OPC) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative (337.5 ± 70.5), (447.5 ± 43.4), (472.9 ± 34.8), (475.3 ± 24.3)/well in the control group, the low-dose, mediumdose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between these groups and the control group (all P < 0.05). After in vitro culture for 5 days, the numbers of osteoclasts were (92.5 ± 22.1), (123.0 ± 26.4), (135.5 ± 22.2), (136.9 ± 23.0) per well in the control group, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between these groups and the (0.088 ± 0.030), (0.100 ± 0.018), (0.152 ± 0.015), (0.242 ± 0.031 )mm2 per piece in the control group, the lowdose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The values of medium-dose and high-dose fluoride BMSCs in the control group, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups were 100.00 ± 56.02, 144.95 ± 97.21,223.25 ± 184.48,193.98 ± 137.93, respectively. The values of medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups were significantly higher than that of control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote their cell differentiation and bone resorption activity, which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.

Multiple myeloma is a common hematological malignancy which is characterized by plasma cell malignancies proliferation and osteolysis destruction. It manifests M-protein, bone destruction, anemia, renal function impairment and immune function abnormality. In recent years, researchers have known that flow cytometric immunophenotyping is valuable in diagnosis, therapy, prognosis and minimal residual disease detection of multiple myeloma. The review summarizes the development of flow cytometric immunophenotyping in multiple myeloma, including application of flow cytometry in multiple myeloma and immunophenotypic features of flow cytometric analysis in multiple myeloma.
Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Multiple Myeloma ; immunology

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; metabolism ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ; metabolism ; Carrier Proteins ; pharmacology ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Regeneration ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar