With the application of scientific studying methods, the level of clinical study has been improved greatly, and people has been paid more attention to scientific evaluation of the clinical effect of Chinese medicine and acu-moxibustion. Formerly, because of lack in acceptance and application of modern scientific studying methods in Chinese clinical acu-moxibustion researchers, their achievements weren't approved by the international academy for the faulty model of study. Randomized Control Trial (RCT) is the golden standard method widely accepted at present, so it is of great importance for clinical acu-moxibustion researchers to exert control methods correctly and effectively. The commonly used controlling methods of overseas clinical acu-moxibustion studies were discussed in this article in order to give some suggestion and benifits to the internal acu-moxibustion clinical researchers.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

This study aimed at investigating the drug preparation of precise powder decoction pieces (PPDP) system,Fallopia multiflora radix preparata (FMRP) was employed in this study.Different specifications of PPDP were prepared,their extract rates were in contrast with the original pieces.Compared the quality uniformity of three batches between FMRP original slices and its PPDP extraction,the similarity of the chemical fingerprints was evaluated,and the contents of common peaks and quality uniformity were compared by relative peak areas.ITS2 sequence was taken as a DNA barcode to identify F.multiflora radix (FMR).As a result,the extract rate of PPDP was 2.5 times as much as the original slices.The average content of stilbene glucoside from the three original slices and the PPDP extraction were 3.56 ± 2.61 and 13.23 ± 0.37 mg·g-1,respectively;while the RSD were 73.28％ and 2.82％.The similarity of the fingerprints of the PPDP extraction was almost the same as that of the original slices,but the content and the uniformity of the common peaks of the PPDP extraction were significantly improved.Thus,FMR was accurately identified using ITS2 sequences.It was concluded that the PPDP considerably improve the decocting rate and quality uniformity,indicating that PPDP could save resources and improve the clinical efficacy.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of four constituents in Qingzhiyi Tablets (Puerariae lobatae Radix,Phyllanthi Fructus,Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,etc.).METHODS The analysis of 50％ methanol extract of this drug was performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％ formic acid-methanol-acetonitrile flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 270 nm.RESULTS Gallic acid,puerarin,salvianolic acid B and tanshinone Ⅱ A showed good linear relationships within the ranges of 11.95-382.48,14.23-455.28,10.77-344.68 and 3.89-124.32 μg/mL,whose average recoveries were 99.96％,100.92％,98.87％ and 97.67％ with the RSDs of 1.09％,1.30％,1.11％ and 1.22％,respectively.CONCLUSION This sensitive,simple and accurate method can be used for the quality control of Qingzhiyi Tablets.

Summarized the nursing care process of one elderly patient with multiple myeloma and interstitial pneumonia.Nursing measures included oxygen therapy,infection nursing,hormones therapy nursing,rehabilitation training,psychological nursing and so on.After treatment and nursing,the patient got the stability of myeloma,and interstitial pneumonia was cured in our department.

Objective To investigate the status of hypnotic agents administation in hospitalized elderly patients, and the relativity between incidents and the hypnotics consuming, in order to reduce the side effects of hypnotics in the clinics. Methods Investigated the outflow status of hypnotics in the clinical pharmacy, and status of the category, volume , consuming time of the old patients, and whether or not they received evaluation of sleeping quality before they taking the hypnotics was also investigated, and the factors affect the result of hypnotics and its negative consequences were educated. Results The mainly used of hypnotics in clinics was benzodiazepines, with various category and quantity, depending on different disease the individuals suffering from. There still existed hidden danger of consuming hypnotics, such as many patients hadn' t not received sleeping quality evaluation before taking them. There were also some factors affected the quality of patients sleep after taking medicines. Conclusions The health education of doctors, nurses and patients should be strengthened. It' s also recommended that early non-medicine intervention and reduction of the circumstance affecting factors would be benefit for the less use of hypnotics therefore reduce its side effects. The evaluation of sleep quality is also essential in the instruction of hypnotics using in clinics.

OBJECTIVEIBS-D rat model was established to assess the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method (SWPSM) for intervening diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by observing rats' general state, stool properties, AWR ranking, and histopathological changes.

METHODSTotally 72 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, i.e. the normal group, the model group, the high, middle, low dose SWPSM groups, and the control group, 12 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was successfully established referring to AL-Chaer ED's modeling method. After modeling high, middle, and low dose SWPS Recipe boil-free granules were given by gastrogavage to rats in corresponding treatment groups. Sishen Pill boil-free granule was given by gastrogavage to those in the control group. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group. The medication lasted for 2 weeks. Rats' general state, stool properties, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) ranking, and histopathological changes were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the general state of all rats got im- provement to various degrees. The improvement in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups were superior to that in the low dose SWPS Recipe group and the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the growth rate between after and before treatment in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group, the defecation amount within 4 h was less in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups and the control group (P < 0.05). The Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stool, ratio of dry stool and wet stool were lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group (P < 0.05). The AWR ranking score was lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group when the volume of balloon dilation was 1.5 mL. There was no organic change of histological or morphological observation.

CONCLUSIONSHigh sensitive IBS-D model was proved to be reliable. SWPSM could reduce the quantity of stools, lower Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stools as well as ratios of dry stool and wet stool, contributing to reducing the high sensitivity of rats' visceral organs to some extent.

Animals ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To analyze the clinical care issues of the elderly malignant blood cancer and figure out the strategies. Methods Review and summarize clinical care issues during the care of 19 elderly patients with malignant blood cancer. Results All the patients had various degrees of psychiatric symptoms (all had sleep disorders, 2 cases of diagnosed depression), 11 cases of infection, 5 cases of malnutrition, skin problems occurred in 9 cases (various degrees of petechia, ecchymosis), 0 patients had cancer pain, 8 patients had the changes of the form and frequency stool (diarrhea, diarrhea) , 1 patient with chest drainage tube, 1 patient with abdominal drainage tube, 1 patient with chest and abdominal drainage tube, 3 patients with large venous tube, IS patients with PICC tube, 1 case with enterostomy. Through targeted clinical care measurements, the life quality of the patients was greatly improved and the life year was extended. Conclusions During the clinical care of 19 elderly patients with malignant blood cancer, we provided the intervention measurements characterized by the combination of physiology and psychology. These measures had made the patients actively cooperate with the treatment and improved their quality of life.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin in combination with bortezomib on the proliferation and apoptosis of human MM cell line H929 in vitro, and to explore its mechanisms. MTT assay was applied to detect the inhibitory effects of curcumin and bortezomib either alone or combined at different concentrations on H929 cells, and flow cytometry was employed to assay the apoptosis rate. In addition, RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression of gene BCL-2, BAX, cyclin D1. Immunofluorescence technique was performed to study the location changes of NF-κB P65 in different groups. The results showed that both curcumin and bortezomib inhibited the proliferation of MM cell line H929 in dose-dependent manner, and combination of these two drugs displayed synergistical effect. A much higher apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry in combinative groups than that in single or control group. And RT-PCR showed, as compared with curcumin or bortezomib group, there was mRNA expression decrease of BCL-2, cyclin D1 but increase of BAX in combined group. The expression of NF-κB P65 in nucleus was downregulated in either the curcumin or bortezomib group, however, distribution of NF-κB P65 in cytoplasm was observed in combined group. It is concluded that the combination of curcumin and bortezomib is much more effective for the inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of H929 cell line, which may function by inhibiting the transcription of NF-κB and apoptosis-related genes.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Boronic Acids ; pharmacology ; Bortezomib ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) on phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) in the dorsal horn of spinal cord induced by plantar inflammation in the rat.

METHODSAll the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group, simple electroacupuncture group, formalin group, formalin plus ipsilateral electroacupuncture group and formalin plus contralateral electroacupuncture group. The acute inflammation animal model was made by injection of 100 microL of 4% formalin into the right posterior foot pad. Electroacupuncture was given at "Zusanli" (ST 36) for 30 min, with sparse-dense waves, frequency 2-15 Hz, and intensity 2-3 mA. One and a half hours latter, the rats were killed under anesthesia, and pERK1/2 expression in the lumbar dorsal horn were investigated with immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe positive cells were rarely seen (6.45 +/- 1.05) in the superficial spinal cord in the control group; a few cells (14.07 +/- 3.19) in ipsilateral superficial spinal cord were found in the electroacupuncture group. The number of pERK1/2-positive neurons (26.57 +/- 4.93) in lamina I - II0 of the ipsilateral dorsal horn in the formalin group increased significantly. After electroacupuncture at ipsilateral Zusanli (ST 36), the number of positive cells (20.79 +/- 5.21) had a tendency to decrease, but with no statistically significant difference. However, after electroacupuncture at contralateral Zusanli (ST 36), the number of positive cells (14.75 +/- 3.03) significantly decreased as compared with the non-acupuncture group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the spinal cord dorsal horn by electroacupuncture is possibly involved in acupuncture analgesic effect.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Posterior Horn Cells ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo establish and evaluate a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with depression for further elaborating the disease.

METHODSTwenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group (group N), T2DM group (group T) and T2DM with depression group (group T + D), with 8 rats in each group. The T2DM rat model was induced by high fat diet and low dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) injection, and in addition, the T2DM rats were made restraint stress for 21 days. After the model was established, the insulin tolerance test (ITT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed. Then the rat depression level was analyzed by open field test, and the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA)was determined by ELISA to confirm the model identity.

RESULTSThe blood glucose level in group T and group T + D didn't return to the normal level at 180 minutes in the ITT and OGTT test; Compared with the group N, the max movement distance, retaining time in the central zone and the retaining frequency within 5 minutes in the group T + D decreased; 5-HT and DA level in the serum of rats in. group T + D was reduced.

CONCLUSIONA rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with depression has been successfully established by high fat diet and injection of low dose streptozotocin in combination with restraint stress for 21 days. This rat model is useful for further relevant studies.

Animals ; Depression ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diet, High-Fat ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Restraint, Physical ; Serotonin ; Streptozocin ; Stress, Psychological