The practice and exploration of bilingual teaching for the course of microbiology has been made in order to improve the students foreign lingual level and to meet the higher requirement on tip-top person with the social development. As a result,bilingual teaching is welcome,and the teaching effect is so distinct that the aim was reached to either study the fundamental knowledge or enhance the English level.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the fully automated ORTHO AutoVue Innova system, which based on the microcolumn glass sphere technology, is accurate enough to meet immunohematology testing needs at blood banks. 16 IgM anti-C, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E and anti-e dilution series were tested respectively, with corresponding antigen positive red blood cell solutions, by ORTHO AutoVue Innova system and saline medium test. 16 IgG anti-D dilution series were tested respectively with RhD positive red blood cell solutions by ORTHO AutoVue Innova system, polybrene test and antiglobulin test. The accuracies of microcolumn glass sphere technology were analysed, by comparing to the reference assays. The results showed that the sensitivities of the ORTHO AutoVue Innova tests were 1:69.8, 1:33.4, 1:1448.1, 1:139.6 and 1:32.0 for IgM anti-C, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E and anti-e respectively; the corresponding value of saline medium tests were 1:16.7, 1:16.6, 1:430.5, 1:34.9 and 1:9.9. There were statistically significant differences between the groups of each tests (t values were 14.38, 5.48, 10.25, 12.65 and 9.59 for IgM anti-C, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E and anti-e respectively, p < 0.05). For IgG anti-D, the sensitivities of the ORTHO AutoVue Innova test, polybrene test and antiglobulin test were 1:980.6, 1:181.0 and 1:304.4 respectively. There was statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (F = 51.15, p < 0.01). It is concluded the use of ORTHO AutoVue Innova system for blood group compatibility test can obtain more accurate results than traditional tube tests, it is reliable and safe for routine tests performed in immunohematology laboratories.
Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; methods ; Coombs Test ; methods ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Materials Testing ; Rho(D) Immune Globulin ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Diosgenin can inhibit the growth of A375 and K562 cell lines and induce their apoptosis with an effect on pro-apoptotic members of Bcl-2 family. To study the SAR of diosgenin derivatives, and to improve the anti-tumor activity of diosgenin, a series of novel diosgenin derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their anti-tumor activities in vitro were evaluated. The results revealed that most of the new derivatives had potent effects against K562, A375 and A549 (three tumor cell lines) in vitro, and had no or less effect against H293 and L02 (two normal cell lines). Particularly, some compounds (e.g. 1, 6-8) showed excellent activities on K562 with IC50 values ranging from 1.96 to 4.35 micromol x L(-1).
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Diosgenin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drug Design ; Humans

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombocytopenia ; blood ; immunology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of tissue factor (TF) expression in the invasive and metastatic ability of colorectal carcinoma and explore the influence of TF on the invasive ability of HT-29 cells.

METHODSTF expression of specimens from 85 colorectal carcinomas and 6 colorectal adenomas was observed by immunohistochemistry. The role of TF expression in prognosis and tumor invasion and metastasis was analyzed. The plasmids pcDNA3.1/Zeo bearing either sense or antisense-TFcDNA were transfected into HT-29 cells by the way of Lipofectamine 2000. TF proteins in transfected and untransfected HT-29cells were detected by Western blot. In vitro Matrigel invasion assays were performed to show the invasive ability of those cells.

RESULTSTF expression was positive in 40 (47.1%) of 85 colorectal carcinoma specimens, but negative in normal mucosa and adenoma specimens. TF expression showed significant correlation with tumor invasive depth (r = 0.895, P < 0.01). TF expression showed significant correlation with synchronous and metachronous hepatic metastasis (r = 0.974, P < 0.01 and r = 0.963, P < 0.01 respectively). TF expression was a significant risk factor for hepatic metastasis (P < 0.01) and prognosis (P < 0.01). TF expression in HT-29 cells with sense/antisense-TFcDNA transfection was more/less than that of the cells without transfection. The invasive ability of HT-29 cells with sense-TFcDNA transfection was increased in vitro compared with the untransfected cells, but HT-29 cells with antisense-TFcDNA transfection got the contrary change.

CONCLUSIONSTF may take part in the invasive and metastatic process of primary colorectal carcinoma, and TF expression may be an indicator of hepatic metastasis and prognosis for colorectal carcinoma patients. TF expression may increase the invasive ability of HT-29 cell in vitro.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Movement ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Thromboplastin ; analysis ; genetics

This study was purposed to prepare and identify monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against Homo sapiens hemoglobin alpha 2 (HBA2). Normal human fetal liver tissues were homogenized, and human liver nuclear proteins were isolated by centrifugation. The total human fetal liver nuclear proteins were used to immunize BALB/c mice for preparing McAbs by hybridoma technique. The McAbs specificity was identified by ELISA, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The antigen was identified by Uni-ZAP expression library screening. The results showed that one hybridoma cell line, AEE091, secreting specific McAb against HBA2 was established. The Ig subclass of this McAb was IgG1 (kappa). Data from immunohistochemistry assay showed that AEE091 could recognize human liver nuclear protein. Using AEE091 McAb, isolation of the protein antigen by IP revealed that AEE091 McAb could recognize 15 kD protein. Screening the Uni-ZAP XR pre-made liver cDNA library with AEE091 hybridoma cell supernatants demonstrated that AEE091 McAb specially reacted with HBA2. It is concluded that a hybridoma cell line stably secreting specific McAb against HBA2 is established. The specific McAb against HBA2 would be very useful for studying HBA2 function and screening thalassemia.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Base Sequence ; Hemoglobin A2 ; immunology ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; secretion ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; alpha-Thalassemia ; immunology

Adult ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; pathology

objecfive To know and compare the intelligence level of children born in different time periods in regions with iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Liaoning province.Methods All 7-14 year-old children from ten schools were chosen as the subjects respectively from six villages in each of the six counties and in regions with iodine deficiency,who were respectively born at the initialization of iodinated salt supplying period(1978-1980);non-iodinated salt supplying period(1981-1990);recovery of supplied iodized salt period(1991-1995);universal iodized salt period(1996-2000),respectively.Intelligence quotient(IQ)was measured by Combined Ravens Test in China(CRT-C)and Combined Ravens Test-the Rural,in China,2nd edition(CRT-RC2).Results IQ of children during the non-iodized salt period(91.9±14.3)was significantly lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(95.8±14.6,q=8.60,P<0.01),recovery of supplied iodized salt period(99.7±14.7)was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period(q = 9.53, 18.13, all P < 0.01 ),universal salt iodization( 104.3 ± 14.9) was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period, recovery of supplied salt iodization(q = 20.00,28.00,10.46, all P < 0.01). Children's rate of mental retardation (IQ≤69) was higher in non-iodinated salt supplying period (6.7%, 88/1314 ) than the initial supply of iodized salt (4.4%, 21/471, χ2 = 3.85, P < 0.05), recovery of supplied iodized salt period(3.3%,48/1470) was significantly lower than non-iodinzed salt supplying period (χ2 = 15.37, P < 0.01), universal salt iodization period(2.7%, 36/1344) was lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(χ2 = 4.41, P < 0.05) and non-iodinzed salt supplying period(χ2 = 26.34, P < 0.01 ). The IQ and intelligent retarded rates in children born during the initial years of iodinated salt supplying period were not different. The IQ of the children during ten years of non-iodized salt supplying period fluctuated in a "∪" curve, while the intelligent retardation rates in a "∩" curve.The children born during the period of recovery supplied iodized salt increased their IQ and lowered the retardation rates year after year. The IQ of the children in universal iodized salt period kept on increasing while intelligent retarded rates reduced to the lowest level. Conclusions The intelligence level of children born in regions with IDD during non-iodized salt supplying period is remarkably lower than that of the beginning years of iodinated salt supplying period. The intelligence level of children born after universal iodized salt period is remarkably higher than that of the initial iodinated salt supplying period and recovery of supplied iodized salt period, respectively.

Objective To measure the serum growth differentiation factor (GDF15) levels in children with hemophagocytic lympohistiocytosis (HLH),and to explore its possible implications in the development of hyperferritinemia in HLH.Methods Twenty-eight children with newly-diagnosed HLH and 20 age-and-sex matched healthy children were enrolled in this study as research subjects and controls respectively.Serum GDF15 levels were measured by Quantikine ELISA assay (product of R&D Company,USA) according to manufacturer's instructions.Serum ferritin concentration and other biochemical parameters were determined by conventional methods.Comparison of serum GDF15 levels between HLH group and healthy control group were made by nonparametric Mann-Whitney test.Correlations between serum GDF15 concentration and hemobiochemical parameters (Hb,serum ferritin,fibrinogen,blood lipids,and liver and renal function tests) were made via Spearman correlation analysis.Results Serum GDF15 concentration was significantly higher in HLH group than that in healthy control group,with median concentrations and ranges of 1710 ng/L,190-2400 ng/L,and 260 ng/L,104-649 ng/L,respectively (P ＜ 0.001).Serum GDF15 concentration was correlated neither to Hb concentration at diagnosis nor to lowest Hb concentration before HLH-directed chemotherapy.Nevertheless it was positively correlated to serum level of total bilirubin at diagnosis and highest concentration of triglycerates during disease course (x2 =0.475,0.465 ; P =0.011,0.019,respectively),and negatively correlated to lowest levels of fibrinogen and albumin at diagnosis (x2 =-0.423,-0.399 ;P =0.031,0.039,respectively).Serum GDF15 level was not correlated to underlying etiology and mortality rate of children with HLH.Conclusions GDF15 has been documented as an upstream negative regulator of hepcidin,the central iron regulatory hormone produced primarily by hepatocytes,and is massively produced by activated macrophages in an autocrine fashion to suppress further activation of macrophages.This research finding that serum GDF15 level is significantly elevated in children with HLH suggests that GDF 15 is intimately implicated in the modulation of iron homeostasis and the development of hyperferritinemia in HLH.

BACKGROUNDThe activation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in the presence of microbial components amplifies the inflammatory response. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the modulation of the TREM-1 pathway during empyema in rats.

METHODSAdult male Wistar rats were subjected to empyema induced by intrapleural injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The animals were treated with LP17 (a synthetic TREM-1 inhibitor), a control peptide, or a vehicle (normal saline). Differential cell count, flow cytometry and histological examination were performed to evaluate local inflammatory alterations. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-6 in both pleural effusion and serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSAlthough differential counts of each type of leukocytes in pleural effusion were not affected by LP17, a marked reduction in neutrophil numbers was seen in LP17 treated rats due to the reduction of both pleural effusion volume and total cell numbers. LP17 administration impaired concentration elevation in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-6 in both pleural effusion and serum. It was found that survival rate in LP17 treated rats was much higher than that in control rats.

CONCLUSIONThe modulation of the TREM-1 pathway by the use of LP17 appears to be beneficial during empyema in rats in attenuating pleural and systemic inflammatory responses.

Animals ; Empyema ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Male ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Immunologic ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus ; immunology ; Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1