OBJECTIVETo explore the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the treatment of colorectal polyps.

METHODEMR was applied in the treatment of colorectal polyps.

RESULTSA total of 3578 polyps in 2609 patients were all completely resected except 2 cases and the integrated rate of samples was 99.6%. Intra- and post-operation complications occurred in 22 cases(0.8%), including 7 intraoperative bleeding, 5 postoperative bleeding, and 10 thermal burn, which were cured by symptomatic treatment. A total of 1530 (58.6%) cases were followed-up with 3-12 months and no relapse was found in former place of excision.

CONCLUSIONEMR can be applied in resection of colorectal polyps effectively and safely.

Aged ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; surgery ; Intestinal Polyps ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of calcineurin AalphacDNA (AdCnAalpha) overexpression as a result of adenovirally mediated gene transfer on neonatal rat cardiac myocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) and adrenergic receptors.

METHODSNeonatal rat cardiac myocytes were cultured for 20 h after AdCnAalpha transfection, and treated with isoproterenol (10 micromol/L) and 24 h of hypoxia followed by 4 h of reoxygenation (24H/4R). The cardiac myocyte apoptosis induced by the treatments was assessed by flow cytometry and DNA laddering, and the levels of calcineurin, p38 and phosphorylation p38 (p-p38) were determined by Western blotting and (or) RT-PCR.

RESULTSAdCnAalpha transfection promoted cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocyte apoptosis induced by isoproterenol+24H/4R as compared with the treated cells without transfection (14.247-/+0.525 vs 10.763-/+1.554, P<0.01), along with greater phosphorylation p38 protein expression (1.60-/+0.22 vs 2.42-/+0.19, P<0.01). The levels of p38 underwent no obvious change after AdCnAalpha transfection (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAdCnAalpha transfection can promote cardiac myocyte apoptosis induced by H/R and adrenergic receptors, the mechanism of which might be associated with p38 mitongen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; Blotting, Western ; Calcineurin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Isoproterenol ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Adrenergic ; physiology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEThis study explored the dynamic expression of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase gene, Arkadia, in response to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in a mouse model and investigated the differential expression that occurs following treatment with the anti-fibrotic bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7).

METHODSThirty healthy male imprinting control region (ICR) mice were randomly assigned to three groups: normal (control; n = 6), CCl4-induced model group (model; n = 18), and CCl4-induced model with BMP-7 treatment group (treatment; n = 6). The model group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 6 each) for analysis at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after fibrosis induction. Liver fibrosis was induced by hypodermic injections of 60% CCl4 /peanut oil (5 mL/kg) to the hind legs of mice two-times per week in alternating legs for a period of 12 weeks. At week 9, the treatment group of CCl4-induced mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of BMP-7 (300 pg/g) simultaneously with that day's hypodermic injection of 60% CCl4 /peanut oil, and then every other day for a period of four weeks. The pathological changes in liver tissues were observed after staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of Arkadia in liver were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively.

RESULTSMouse models of liver fibrosis were successfully established by CCl4 exposure. Arkadia, Smad7 and TGF-beta1 mRNA levels were up-regulated in the model group in a time-dependent manner (vs. control group), and BMP-7 treatment led to significant down-regulation of the CCl4-induced expression of the three genes (vs. control group: F = 812.80, 451.46, and 998.96, respectively; P less than 0.01). At week 12, the mRNA levels of Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 were significantly lower in the BMP-7 treatment group than in the model group (t = 12.108, 18.737, and 16.364, respectively; P less than 0.01). Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 protein staining was weak in the portal area of control liver tissue. In contrast, the model group showed significantly stronger staining for all three proteins in the portal area and in the cytoplasm of liver cells. The staining of Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 proteins was significantly lower in the treatment group (vs. control group: F = 8.399, 609.690, and 900.561, respectively; P < 0.01). At week 12, the protein levels of Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the model group (t = 23.438, 11.667, and 42.889, respectively; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONArkadia expression gradually increased along with the development of liver fibrosis but was suppressed by treatment with the anti-fibrotic factor, BMP-7.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; pharmacology ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

BACKGROUNDIn 2008, infants in some areas of China suffered from stones of the urinary system which were caused by melamine-contaminated milk formula. Most of the infants were asymptomatic, and a few suffered from acute renal failure induced by urinary obstruction by stones. This study aimed to assess the significance of blood purification therapy in treatment of infants with acute obstructive oligo-anuric renal failure. Corrective perception, timely diagnosis, and active treatment of this complex disease are critical factors that guarantee a quick recovery of renal function of infants and help them to prevent multiple organ system failure.

METHODSThirteen infants with acute renal failure induced by urinary multiple obstruction caused by melamine-containing stones who had been admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in 2008 were investigated for the epidemiological characteristics, image features and indications of dialysis. All these infants were treated with dialysis. The efficacy of dialysis was compared with that of two control groups treated with cystoscopic retrograde catheterization into the ureter and medical treatment for the recovery of renal function.

RESULTSThe 13 infants with life-threatening complications treated with dialysis showed a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of (30.9+/-7.9) mmol/L and a creatinine (Cr) level of (572+/-173) micromol/L. Of these infants, 8 were treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 5 with hemodialysis (HD). Ten infants recovered to urinate 24-72 hours after dialysis and 3 infants with persistent ureteral obstruction were further treated with cystoscopic retrograde catheterization into the ureter for drainage, and urination resumed soon after the operation. The average time of PD and HD were (2.1+/-0.8) days and (1.2+/-0.4) days, respectively. The total average time of PD and HD dialysis was (1.77+/-0.83) days. The recovery time of renal function of infants after dialysis was (3.08+/-1.20) days, comparable to that of the two control groups treated with catheterization with a cystoscope or by medication. There was no significant difference in the recovery time of renal function among the three groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMelamine-contaminated milk formula may cause urinary stones and obstructive acute renal failure in infants. Dialysis is suggested to treat life-threatening complications such as hyperkalemia, oliguria or anuria if surgical intervention fails. If possible, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis can be performed early. Blood purification is feasible to help the infants overcome the critical stage of acute renal failure. Surgical measures can be taken to remove the obstruction if necessary.

Acute Kidney Injury ; chemically induced ; surgery ; therapy ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cystoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; methods ; Renal Dialysis ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Triazines ; poisoning

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance and genotyping of acetyltransferase in Escherichia coli.

METHODSResistance phenotypes to 12 antibiotics of 44 Escherichia coli isolates were analyzed using agar dilution method and 3 aminoglycoside resistance genes aac(3)-I, II and aac(6')-I were determined by PCR method.

RESULTSIn 44 clinical isolates, the occurrence of ESBLs was 45.45%, resistance rates were discrepant for amikacin (18.18%), gentamicin (56.82%) and tobramycin (61.36%), the prevalence of phenotype TG (tobramycin and gentamicin) indicative of aac(3)-II production and TGA (tobramycin, gentamicin and amikacin) indicative of aac(6')-I production were 36.36% and 18.18%, respectively. The most common aminoglycoside resistance genotype of acetyltransferase was aac(3)-II (52.27%) and aac(6')-I was lower (29.55%), but no aac(3)-I was detected.

CONCLUSIONAt least 2 acetyltransferase genes exist in this area i.e. aac(3)-II and aac(6')-I.

Acyltransferases ; genetics ; Amikacin ; pharmacology ; Aminoglycosides ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; Genotype ; Gentamicins ; pharmacology ; Phenotype ; Tobramycin ; pharmacology

Objective To observe the anti-inflammation effects of Chanqin granules on airway neurogenic inflammation induced by fine particulate matter (PM2.5)and mediated by nerve growth factor (NGF)and to explore the therapeutic mechanism. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups,namely saline control group, PM2.5 exposure group, anti-NGF group, Chanqin granules group and Huifeining group (Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride,Chlorpheniramine Maleate and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Solution),8 rats in each group. PM2.5 exposure rat model was established by intratracheal drop infusion of PM2.5 suspension. The rats in PM2.5 exposure group were given gastric gavage of normal saline after PM2.5 exposure , and the anti-NGF group was given gastric gavage of saline after PM2.5 exposure and intraperitoneal injection of anti-NGF agent. Chanqin granules group was given gastric gavage of Chanqin granules (9.36 g·kg-1·d-1)after PM2.5 exposure,Huifeining group was given gastric gavage of Huifeining (8 mL·kg-1·d-1)after PM2.5 exposure,and saline control group was given gastric gavage of normal saline after intratracheal drop infusion of normal saline , the treatment covering 2 weeks. After medication,the contents of substance P (SP),calcitonin gene related peptide(CGRP), neurokinin A(NKA), neurokinin B(NKB), and nerve growth factor(NGF) in rat serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the expression levels of SP and NGF in lung tissue and dorsal root ganglia were measured by immunohistochemistry , and the protein and mRNA expression levels of NGF in lung tissue and dorsal root ganglia were determined by Western blotting method and reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),respectively. Results Compared with the saline control group, the levels of SP, NKA, NKB, NGF and CGRP in rat serum, immunohistochemical mean optical density of NGF in lung tissue and SP and NGF in dorsal root ganglia, the protein and mRNA expression levels of NGF in lung tissue and the protein expression level of NGF in dorsal root ganglia of PM2.5 exposure group were all increased(P < 0.05). Compared with PM2.5 exposure group,the above indexes in anti-NGF group, Chanqin granules group, and Huifeining group were decreased (P < 0.05), and there being no differences between the 3 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Chanqin granules have certain effects on relieving the neurogenic inflammation in rat airway induced by PM2.5 through inhibiting the expression of NGF.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences between the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) data from the infants at 38-58 weeks of postconceptual age in three hospitals in Chongqing, China and the America norms, and to provide a reference for the introduction and application of TIMP in China.

METHODSTIMP was used to assess 642 infants with 38-58 weeks of postconceptual age who visited the departments of preterm infants or child healthcare in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Shapingba Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Chongqing, and Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January and December, 2016. The assessment scores were analyzed and compared with the America norms.

RESULTSThe TIMP scores increased with the increasing postconceptual age, with 37±5 points in the 38-39week group and 83±12 points in the 56-57week group. All age groups had a significantly lower mean score than the America norms (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONSTIMP scores can reflect the motor performance in infants with various postconceptual ages. The TIMP scores from the infants with a postconceptual age of 38-58 weeks in three hospitals in Chongqing are significantly different from the America norms, suggesting that it is very necessary in China to establish the Chinese norms for assessing motor performance in infants using TIMP.

Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Behavior ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Motor Skills

OBJECTIVETo observe influence of JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway mediating curcumin in cartilage cell metabolism of osteoarthritis and mitochondria oxidative stress resistance;also explore the role of JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway and effect of curcumin in this process.

METHODSFifteen male SPF C57BL/6 rats rweighted from 10.05 to 15.00 g with an average of 12.80 g were collected and randomly divided into control group, OA group(modeled as OA by Glasson SS), curcumin with OA group (100 mg/kg curcumin were performed intraperitoneal injection every day based on OA group), 5 rats in each group. Rats were taken off the neck after 4 weeks, morphologic change were observed, specimens changes were observed by histochemical methods;p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and Bax protein expression were detected by Western blot;At the same time, the changes of mitochondria oxidative stress index such as succinate dehydrogenase(SDH) and cytochrome C oxydase(COX) in each group were detected.

RESULTSAfter 4 weeks, cartilage tissue showed translucent shape, no swelling and congestion, the number of cartilage cell increased, nuclei liked oval, chromatin arranged uniform in control group;in curcumin with OA group, joint showed slightly swelling without congestion, the formation of cartilage cell was regular, and number of cell decreased;while in OA group, the surface of joint was roughness with mild damage, cell arrangement was a bit disorder, nuclear was disappeared under vision and dyeing was uneven. Compared with control group, p-JAK2, p-STAT3 protein expression was decreased in OA and curcumin with OA group(<0.05), Bax protein expression was increased (<0.05), SDA and COX protein expression were reduced (<0.05). Compared with OA group, p-JAK2, p-STAT3 protein expression was increased in curcumin with OA, Bax protein expression was decreased (<0.05), SDA and COX protein expression were increased (<0.05), and had statistical differences among three groups.

CONCLUSIONSJAK2/STAT3 signal pathway is closely associated with pathology course of osteoarthritis, curcumin could stimulate JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway and promote mitochondria oxidative stress. It could obviously relieve degeneration of articular cartilage and slow lower progress of OA.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of E2F1/4 pathway in vitamin C reversing benzo (a) pyrene [B (a) P]-induced changes of cell cycle in human embryo lung fibroblasts (HELF) and the relationship between E2F1 and cyclin D1/CDK4.

METHODSThe stable transfectants, HELF transfected with antisense cyclin D1 and antisense CDK4, were established to detect the relationship of signaling pathway. Cells were cultured and pretreated with vitamin C before stimulation with B (a) P for 24 hours. The expression levels of cyclin D1, CDK4, E2F1 and E2F4 were determined by Western blot and the band intensity was analysed as the relative value to control by using the Gel-Pro 3.0 software. Flow Cytometric Analysis was employed to detect the distributions of cell cycle.

RESULTSB (a) P significantly elevated the expression levels of cyclin D1, CDK4, E2F1 and E2F4 in HELF cells. Vitamin C decreased the expression levels of above proteins in B (a) P-stimulated HELF cells. The expression levels of these proteins in B (a) P-treated above transfectants were lower than those in B (a) P-treated HELF cells. The expression levels of above proteins with vitamin C combined with antisense cyclin D1 were decreased as compared to those with antisense cyclin D1 alone. B (a) P increased the percentage of S phase as compared to the controls [(41.1 +/- 0.2)% vs (33.5 +/- 3.2)%, P < 0.05]. Both vitamin C [(33.2 +/- 0.6)% vs (41.1 +/- 0.2)%, P < 0.05] and antisense cyclin D1 [(31.2 +/- 1.3)% vs (41.1 +/- 0.2)%, P < 0.05] suppressed the changes of cell cycle induced by B (a) P. Vitamin C combined with antisense CDK4 markedly suppressed B (a) P-induced changes of cell cycle as compared to those with antisense CDK4 alone.

CONCLUSIONVitamin C might reserve the B (a) P-induced changes of cell cycle via intracellular signaling pathway of cyclin D1-CDK4/E2F-1/4.

Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; antagonists & inhibitors ; toxicity ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; E2F1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; E2F4 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; embryology ; Signal Transduction