Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Meningioma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of Hadeco ES-1000spm hand-held doppler during the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap harvest.

METHODSTwenty-five patients (26 sides) with ALT flaps for head and neck reconstruction between May 2005 and May 2010 received preoperative Doppler examination for the location of the cutaneous perforators of ALT flaps. The Doppler signals and body mass index (BMI) were recorded preoperatively according to ABC system. The locations of Doppler signals and of the actual cutaneous perforators at surgery were plotted and compared. The diameter of perforators was measured.

RESULTSOne to three cutaneous perforators of the ALT flap were consistently found at specific locations. They were named perforators A, B, C from proximal to distal. Perforators A, B and C were present in 15 (58%), 24 (92%) and 20 (77%) cases and the diameter (> 0.5 mm) of A, B and C were 11/15, 22 (92%) and 8 (40%) respectively. The Doppler signal was within 0.5 cm of the actual perforator location in 85% flaps. The accuracy of Doppler decreased with increase of BMI.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative assessment by hand-held Doppler is useful in predicting the perforator vessels' locations and diameter although it's accuracy is limited.

Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perforator Flap ; Preoperative Care ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Thigh ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the roots tuber of Aconitum ouvrardianum H..METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of methy extract from A.ouvrardianum roots tuber was isolated and purified by silica,aluminium oxide column,Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as kongboendine (1),anisoezochasmaconitine (2),lipo-14-O-anisoylbikhaconine (3),franchetine (4),talatisamine (5),chasmanine (6),crassicauline A (7),chasmaconitine (8),14-dehydrotalatisamine (9),lipoindaconitine (10),indaconitine (11),yunaconitine (12),lipoyunaconitine (13),liljestrandisine (14),transconitine B (15),ouvrardiantine (16),atropurpursine (17),8-deacetylyunaconitine (18).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-4,9-10,13,15,17 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to do a meta-analysis of the existing literature to assess the accuracy of prostate cancer studies which use magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as a diagnostic tool. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospectively, independent, blind studies were selected from the Cochrane library, Pubmed, and other network databases. The criteria for inclusion and exclusion in this study referenced the criteria of diagnostic research published by the Cochrane center. The statistical analysis was adopted by using Meta-Test version 6.0. Using the homogeneity test, a statistical effect model was chosen to calculate different pooled weighted values of sensitivity, specificity, and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves method was used to assess the results. RESULTS: We chose two cut-off values (0.75 and 0.86) as the diagnostic criteria for discriminating between benign and malignant. In the first diagnostic criterion, the pooled weighted sensitivity, specificity, and corresponding 95% CI (expressed as area under curve [AUC]) were 0.82 (0.73, 0.89), 0.68 (0.58, 0.76), and 83.4% (74.97, 91.83). In the second criterion, the pooled weighted sensitivity, specificity, and corresponding 95% CI were 0.64 (0.55, 0.72), 0.86 (0.79, 0.91) and 82.7% (68.73, 96.68). CONCLUSION: As a new method in the diagnostic of prostate cancer, MRS has a better applied value compared to other common modalities. Ultimately, large scale RCT (randomized controlled trial) randomized controlled trial studies are necessary to assess its clinical value.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/*diagnostic use ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/metabolism ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDThe cellular plasma membrane represents a natural barrier to many exogenous molecules including magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent. Cell penetrating peptide (CPP) is used to internalize proteins, peptides, and radionuclide. This study was undertaken to assess the value of a new intracellular MR contrast medium, CPP labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid gadolinium (Gd-DTPA) in molecular imaging in vitro.

METHODSFluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC) and Gd-DTPA respectively labeled with CPP (FITC-CPP, Gd-DTPA-CPP) were synthesized by the solid-phase method. Human hepatic cancer cell line-HepG2 was respectively stained by FITC-CPP and FITC to observe the uptake and intracellular distribution. HepG2 was respectively incubated with 100 nmol/ml Gd-DTPA-CPP for 0, 10, 30, 60 minutes, and imaged by MR for studying the relationship between the incubation time and T(1)WI signal. The cytotoxicity to NIH3T3 fibroblasts cells was measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay (MTT).

RESULTSThe molecular weights of CPP labeled imaging agents, which were determined by MALDI mass spectrometry (FITC-CPP MW = 2163.34, Gd-DTPA-CPP MW = 2285.99), were similar to the calculated molecular weights. Confocal microscopy suggested HepG2 translocated FITC-CPP in cytoplasm and nucleus independent with the incubation temperature. MR images showed HepG2 uptaken Gd-DTPA-CPP had a higher T(1) weighted imaging (T(1)WI) signal, and that the T(1)WI signal intensity was increasing in a time-dependent manner (r = 0.972, P = 0.001), while the signal intensity between the cells incubated by Gd-DTPA for 60 minutes and the controlled cells was not significantly different (P = 0.225). By MTT, all concentrations from 50 nmol/ml to 200 nmol/ml had no significant (F = 0.006, P = 1.000) effect on cell viability of mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts, compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONSThe newly constructed CPP based on polyarginine can translocate cells by carrying FITC and MR contrast agent Gd-DTPA, and the intracellular concentrations are readily detectable by MR imaging, suggesting a new way for MR molecular imaging.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Contrast Media ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Peptides ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of ovalbumin（OVA）-induced cough variant asthma （CVA） on the intestinal flora of mice， based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine" and 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequencing technology. MethodsTwenty BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into model group and control group， and were sensitized and stimulated with OVA to establish a CVA mouse model. After modeling， the body weight and the cough response of mice were recorded by ammonia water-induced cough method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the lungs of mice. The feces of mice were collected for 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analysis. ResultsCompared with the control group， the mice in the model group were in a poorer general state， being restless， scratching their ears， and losing weight （P<0.01）. The model group mice had increased cough times （P<0.01） and shortened cough latency （P<0.01） in comparison to the control group. Pathological results showed that the model group mice had obvious inflammatory infiltration， thickened airway smooth muscle， and epithelial cell necrosis. 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing showed that the species richness and diversity of the intestinal flora of mice in the model group increased， and the structure of the intestinal flora changed significantly. At the phylum level， the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the model group was decreased， and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Euryarchaeota was increased. At the genus level， the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was decreased in the model group， and the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 was increased. ConclusionOVA-induced CVA mice had intestinal flora disorder， which provides new idea for the treatment of CVA， and further enriches the traditional Chinese medicine theory of “exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine”.

ObjectiveTo explore the barriers and facilitators of the adherence of formal practice after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy （MBCT） in psychological counseling outpatients. MethodsOne-on-one interview was conducted in 15 psychological counseling outpatients who attended MBCT at Shanghai Mental Health Center and had been out of treatment 5 months or more. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. ResultsPoor mood， weak willpower， limited time and space， lack of companionship and supervision， and discomfort with the recording were the five factors that prevented the patients from sticking to their practice. Personality trait， trust， benefit， need for self-care， time/space arrangement， fellow practitioners， therapists， and ease and convenience of practice were the eight factors that promoted the patients to practice. ConclusionThe COM-B model helps therapists and individuals with practice needs to understand the mechanism of formal practice facilitators at a holistic level. Therapists and individuals with practice needs should be concerned about possible barriers on the adherence of formal practice.

Adult ; Aged ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; complications ; therapy ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; Young Adult

Toxoplasma gondii is a serious foodborne zoonosis,which can not only affect the development of animal husbandry and the safety of meat products,but also cause great harm to public health.Therefore,the prevention of toxoplasmosis is crucial.Toxoplasma gondii vaccine which is regarded as an important measure to prevent toxoplasmosis has significant value to both public health and economics.This paper mainly summarizes advances in the study of Toxoplasma gondii vaccine in order to provide references for the further development of it,so as to control the toxoplasmosis more effectively.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy and safety among different chemotherapeutic regimens in treatment of refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSThe clinical data of 67 refractory/relapsed AML patients enrolled from September 2008 to April 2013 were collected. The differences of clinical outcome and adverse events among the patients treated with decitabine combined with DAG regimen, CAG regimen or "3+7" regimen were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong 19 patients in decitabine treatment group, 5 (26.3%) achieved complete remission (CR), 4 (21.1%) partial remission (PR), with overall response rate (ORR) of 47.4 %. Of 26 patients in CAG regimen group, 8 (30.8%) achieved CR, 1 (3.8%) PR, with ORR of 34.6%. Of 22 patients in "3+7" regimen group, 4 (18.2%) achieved CR, with ORR of 18.2%. The ORR of decitabine group was significantly higher than that of "3+7" group (P<0.05). However, no significant difference of ORR was observed among the three groups (P>0.05). It was interesting to note that in decitabine group, the marrow blast counts were lower in CR patients compared with those in non-CR patients (P<0.05), while this was not found in "3+7" group (P>0.05) and CAG regimen group (P>0.05). Adverse events in the three groups were similar, mainly including myelosuppression, pulmonary infection, nausea, vomiting and liver dysfunction, and could be well tolerated. Followed- up to September 2013, the median overall survival (OS) of decitabine group, CAG regimen group and "3+7" group after relapse was 7.5, 4 and 3 months, respectively (P>0.05), while significant difference was obtained between decitabine group and "3+7" regimen group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONDecitabine combined with DAG regimen is effective and well tolerated in refractory/relapsed AML patients who were unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the patients with low marrow blast counts are more suitable for the application of decitabine combined with DAG regimen.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Azacitidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult