Objective To detect the genome-wide genetic alterations in central neurocytoma,and to study the pathogensis of central neurocytoma. Methods Comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) analysis was performed in 10 central neurocytomas. Results Chromosomal imbalances were demonstrated in 6 cases.Overrepresentation of genetic material was detected in 4 cases on Chromosome 2p and 10q,and 3 cases on Chromosome 18q. Conclusion(Genetic abnormalities) on Chromosome 2p,10q and 18q may be associated with the pathogenesis of central neurocytoma.

OBJECTIVETo assess the feasibility and safety of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP) in the treatment of prostate cancer.

METHODSUsing the da Vinci robot surgical system, we performed RLRP for 34 patients with localized prostate cancer and analyzed the intraoperative and follow-up data.

RESULTSThe procedures were performed successfully in all the patients, with the mean operation time of 198 min (range 135-340 min), average blood loss of 257 ml (range 50-700 ml), and 1 case of blood transfusion, but no postoperative complications. Three cases had positive surgical margins. Postoperative examination at 4 weeks showed PSA > 0.2 microg/L in 2 cases, suggestive of residual tumor, for which maximal androgen block therapy was administered. The other 32 patients were followed up for 3-10 (mean 7.5) months, during which the average level of serum tPSA remained < 0.2 microg/L. Urinary continence was found in 94% (32/34) and 97% (33/34) of the patients at 3 and 6 months, respectively, of whom 77% (26/34) and 88% (30/34) had no urinary leakage (0 pad per day).

CONCLUSIONRLRP, with its advantages of less perioperative blood loss, low rate of positive margin, and good urinary continence, is a safe and effective surgical option for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Aged ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Robotics

Objective To analyze the effects of severe neonatal asphyxia on various organ-systems and to identify the risk factors associated with the resultant injuries and death. Methods The data of 170 cases in the last 10 years from January 1993 to March 2004 were analyzed. The risk factors associated with death were subjected to odds ratio (OR)analysis with the SAS software. Results There were 22 deaths in the 170 cases ( 12.5% ). Organ-system injuries were evident in 165 of 170 cases (97. 1% ). In descending orders, the organ-system injuries were central nervous system [ CNS,66.5% (113/170) ], pulmonary [62.9% (107/170) ] and metabolic disorders [50.6% (86/170) ]. The severity of injuries was in the reversed orders from metabolic disorders, pulmonary to CNS. From high risk to low, the factors which affected the mortality of severe asphyxia were, in order, severe CNS injury, ≥ 1 organ/system injury, respiratory failure,metabolic abnormality, electrolyte imbalance, blood-gas abnormality, pulmonary involvement, 10 min Apgar score ≤ 3,gestational age ＜ 37 weeks, hepatic involvement, cardiac involvement, raised PCO2, and hematologic involvement.Conclusions Organ-system injuries in addition to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) were complications found in the majority of the cases with severe neonatal asphyxia. The risk factors such as CNS injury or HIE, pulmonary dysfunction and failure, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) involving more than three organ-systems should be detected and recognized early so that early intervention can be instituted to reduce the mortality.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Silicon Dioxide ; adverse effects ; Silicosis ; metabolism

Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; virology ; HIV ; physiology ; HIV Infections ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal ; immunology ; Mucous Membrane ; cytology ; immunology ; Virus Attachment ; Virus Internalization

Animals ; Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; HIV ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; immunology ; virology ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Animals ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer are being improved due to the popularized screening of prostate specific antigen. Advanced prostate cancer, in spite of its response to androgen deprivation therapy, may finally develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and shorten the overall survival of the patients. Many efforts have been made by worldwide researchers for new approaches to the management of CRPC, including new hormonal therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and bone metastasis-targeted therapy. This paper reviews the emerging agents undergoing clinical evaluation and drugs that have received approval for the treatment of CRPC in order to provide doctors and patients with more treatment options for CRPC and improve the overall survival rate and quality of life of the patients.
Androgen Antagonists ; Bone Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ; therapy ; Quality of Life

AIM: The goal of this study was to compare different methods for tumor antigen preparation, to observe the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in rats by dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with different tumor antigens. METHODS: The precursors of dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of rats, stimulated in vitro with recombinent rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rrGM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (rrIL-4). Then rat DCs were pulsed with C6 tumor cell antigens prepared with different methods: freeze-thaw, boiling or total protein extracted from ultrasonic crushed tumor cell. Subsequently primed DCs were cocultured with T lymphocytes isolated from spleen to induce CTL. Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor from DCs and cytokine IFN-? release were determined by ELISA, the cytotoxicity of CTL was assayed by JAM test. RESULTS: DCs pulsed with boiled tumor cell in vitro induced an enhanced ability of T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that DCs primed with boiled tumor cell may represent a method for inducing immune responses against the entire repertoire of tumor antigens of malignancies.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of the treatment of intercondylar fractures of the distal femur using open reduction and internal fi xation. Methods From July 1995 to December 2001, a total of 32 intercondylar fra ctures of the distal femur were treated with open reduction and internal fixatio n with a plate, 95? blade plate, a dynamic condylar screw (DCS) or a condyla r buttress plate. There were 13 cases of type-C1, 10 type-C2 and 9 type-C3 ac cording to the AO/ASIF standard. The outcomes of internal fixation were evaluate d according to preoperative and postoperative radiographs and postoperative func tions of the knee. Results 27 patients were followed-up from 8 months to 8 year s. The results were excellent in 14 cases, good in 9, poor in 4 according to San ders standard. Conclusion Open reduction and internal fixation is an ideal ch oice for intercondylar fractures of the distal femur.