Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of (1,3)-β-D-glucan assay (G test) in the plasma of premature infants with invasive fungal infection(IFI) and determinate the best diagnostic value of G test.Methods The premature infants who were at risk of IFI from NICU were enrolled in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from July 2010 to September 2011.The concentration of (1,3)-β-D-glucan were detected by GKT-5MSet microbial dynamic detection system,and the fungal and bacterial culture were performed in the same samples of blood.We used to perform statistic analysis for sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value at different cutoff values,and draw receiver operating characteristic curve for G test.Results Forty-four infants were eligible for the study,of 17 permature infants with IFI,and of 27 ones with non IFI,in whom bacterial culture was positive in 12 cases and culture was negative in 15 cases.The concentration of (1,3)-β-D-glucan in IFI group [5 ～ 3 117 pg/ml,median (Q75-25)190.60(501.44) pg/ml] was higher than that in non IFI group[5.0 ～434.3 pg/ml,median(Q75-25) 5.86(5.62) pg/ml],the difference was significant(Z =-3.77,P ＜ 0.01).15 pg/ml was the best cutoff value,and the area under curve was 0.839,95 ％ CI(0.697,0.980).Conclusion G test is useful in the diagnosis of IFI in premature infants with high sensitivity and specificity.G test can be used for the screening of high-risk patients with high risk of fungal infection ratio.

Angioplasty ; history ; methods ; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ; history ; methods ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; history ; methods ; Coronary Artery Disease ; surgery ; Heart Transplantation ; history ; methods ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; history ; methods

Objective To study the MR features and differential diagnosis of oligodendroglioma.Methods Clinical and MR data of 34 pathology-diagnosed oligodendroglioma cases were analyzed retrospectively, which included tumor location,signal,size,enhanced and MRS features.Results 22 cases were diagnosed as WHOⅡoligodendroglioma and 12 cases WHOⅢ anaplastic oligodendroglioma.22 tumors located in the frontal lobes,4 tumors in the temporal lobes, 7 tumors in both frontal and temporal lobes,1 tumor located at the optic chiasma.25 tumors located in the superficial areas of the brain.For anaplastic oligodendrogliomas,tumor necrosis and cystic degenerations were showed in 11 cases,and hemorrhage or calcification in 6 cases.For oligodendroglioma,tumor necrosis and cystic degenerations were showed in 6 cases,hemorrhage in 2 cases,calcification in 8 cases.The average tumor diameter was 35 mm for oligodendroglioma and 58 mm for anaplastic oligodendroglioma.For anaplastic oligodendroglioma,obvious irregular or ring enhancements were showed in 11 cases.For oligodendroglioma, mild enhancement was showed in 6 cases,no enhancement in 6 cases and mild or moderate irregular ring-type enhancements in 4 cases.MRS was performed in 6 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas the Cho/Cr ratio was over 4 in 5 cases.MRS was performed in 12 oligodendrogliomas the Cho/Cr ratio was between 2.3 to 3.3 in 10 cases and below 2 in 2 cases.Conclusion The main MR feature of anaplastic oligodendroglioma is that tumor is located in the frontal lobe and superficial area of the brainwith irregular or ring-type enhancement,and the Cho/Cr ratio over 4.

Objective To determine the impact of fluorine and aluminum,and both action combined on the number of rat osteoclasts and bone resorption cultured in vitro and to explore its mechanisms.Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured,respectively,in TC199 medium (containing 10％ fetal bovine serum) with fluoride,aluminum and fluoride combined with aluminum.The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice,BMSCs in 6-well culture plate,and culture medium was changed after 2 hours incubation.The cells were divided into control group,fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group; the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,1.0 × 10-4,0,1.0 × 10-4 mol/L and the doses of aluminum chloride were 0,0,1.0 × 10-5,1.0 × 10-5 mol/L,respectively.Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue.The expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in BMSCs after 8 h treatment.Results ① Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the numbers of osteoclasts (F =7.15,6.56 and 7.98,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The numbers of osteoclasts in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(136.9 ± 22.99),(135.4 ± 23.5),(163.0 ± 24.4) per well] were higher than that in the control group[(92.5 ± 22.1) per well,all P ＜ 0.05].② Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the resorption pit area on ivory slices(F =10.47,12.64,14.29,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The resorption pit area on ivory slices in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(0.242 ± 0.031),(0.293 ± 0.026),(0.333 ± 0.016)mm2 per slice] was higher than that in the control group [(0.088 ± 0.030)mm2 per slice,all P ＜ 0.05].③Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs (F =8.15,15.38,23.59,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group [(193.98 ± 137.93)％,(326.11 ± 176.78)％,(599.84 ± 275.82)％] were higher than that in the control group[(100.00 ± 56.02)％,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Both fluoride and aluminum can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote cell differentiation and bone resorption activity,which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.The stimulating effects of fluoride on osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption is enhanced by aluminum.

Objective To determine the effects of fluoride on osteoclasts's quantity and bone resorption function in vitro and its mechanisms. Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured respectively in TC199 medium (containing 10% fetal bovine serum) with fluoride. The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice, BMSCs were inoculated in 6- well culture plate, respectively, medium were changed after 2 hours incubation. They were divided into control group, low-dose fluoride, medium-dose fluoride and high-dose fluoride groups, the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,2.5 × 10-5,5.0 × 10-5,10.0 × 10-5 mol/L, respectively. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 2nd and the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue. The expression of receptor activator of NK-κβ ligand(RANKL) and osteoprotegerin(OPC) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative (337.5 ± 70.5), (447.5 ± 43.4), (472.9 ± 34.8), (475.3 ± 24.3)/well in the control group, the low-dose, mediumdose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between these groups and the control group (all P < 0.05). After in vitro culture for 5 days, the numbers of osteoclasts were (92.5 ± 22.1), (123.0 ± 26.4), (135.5 ± 22.2), (136.9 ± 23.0) per well in the control group, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between these groups and the (0.088 ± 0.030), (0.100 ± 0.018), (0.152 ± 0.015), (0.242 ± 0.031 )mm2 per piece in the control group, the lowdose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The values of medium-dose and high-dose fluoride BMSCs in the control group, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups were 100.00 ± 56.02, 144.95 ± 97.21,223.25 ± 184.48,193.98 ± 137.93, respectively. The values of medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups were significantly higher than that of control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote their cell differentiation and bone resorption activity, which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.

6-11 years old were 9.67%, 6.81%, 3.49% and 0.80%, respectively.Furthermore, the infection rates between each two age stages were significantly different(Pa0.05).4.Infection rates in 2005,2006 and 2007 were 4.0%, 8.92%, 8.85%,respectively.Infection rates between 2005 and 2006,2007 were significantly different(Pa

Objective To evaluate the b value of diffusion-weighted(DW)MRI in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods Three diffusion-weighted sequences were implemented with 500,1000 and 2000 s/mm~2 b values respectively on 95 breast lesions in 83 patients.All lesions were confirmed by pathology.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values and signal intensity (SI)were recorded and compared in different lesions(breast cancer,benign lesion,cyst and normal beast tissue)with the same b value and the same lesions with the different b values.Results(1)The mean ADC value and SI of breast cancer were 1.375?0.378 and 839.713?360.493 respectively with b= 500 s/mm~2,1.176?0.311 and 459.314?229.609 with b=1000 s/mm~2,0.824?0.198 and 243.825? 110.616 with b=2000 s/mm~2.The differences in the mean ADC value were significant between two type lesions(cancer and benign lesion,cancer and cyst,cancer and normal breast tissue)with b values of 500 s/mm~2 and 1000 s/mm~2.But the significant differenee was only seen between cancer and benign lesions when b value was 2000 s/mm~2.(2)The one-side upper limits of 95% confidence interval of mean ADCs were adopted as the point to separate the malignant from the benign lesions,the sensitivity was 70.92%, 70.73% and 69.77%,the specificity was 77.19%,75.70% and 54.76%,the accuracy was 77.12%, 74.32% and 62.35% respectively with b values of 500 s/mm~2,1000 s/mm~2 and 2000 s/mm~2.The areas under ROC eurves were Az_(500)=0.775?0.046(P0.05).Conclusion DWI MRI is useful for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions with b values of 500 s/mm~2 and 1000 s/mm~2.

Objective To investigate the morphological features of normal lumbar dorsal root ganglia using a three-dimensional(3D)coronal MR imaging.Methods One hundred and fifteen volunteers were included.Ages ranged from 15 to 75 years,with a mean of 40 years.Coronal 3D fast field echo(FFE) with water selective excitation(Proset)MR examination of 1150 dorsal root gangha were underwent at nerve root levels from L1 to L5.The source coronal images were further reconstructed into a series of rotational alignment coronal images with an interval angel of 12 degree using maximum intensity projection(MIP) technique.All DRGs of bilateral spinal nerve from L1 to L5 were morphologically analyzed on the original and MIP images including qualitative evaluation of the location,signal intensity,architecture and quantitative dimensional measurement.Results There were 225,225,219,210 and 160 foraminal ganglia from L1 to L5 level,respectively.The incidence of intraspinal ganglia from L3 to L5 gradually increased with a maximum at L5 level of 29.1%(X~2=188.371,P

0.05), but the level of albumin dropped significantly(P

Three candidate antisense target sites of mouse Fas gene were screened by PARASS (poly-A anchored RNA accessible sites screening) technology. They were target at Fas gene 297nt-317nt, 618nt- 638nt and 662nt-682nt. Antisense oligos (A1, A2 and A3) and DNAzymes (D1, D2, and D3) for every target site were designed and synthesized. In vitro, the validation of the sites were judged by antisense oligos included RNase H splicing and the DNAzyme degradation. The results indicated that A1, A2 and A3 introduced RNase H degradation. DNAzymes D1, D2 and D3 cleaved Fas mRNA effectively. Neither degradation observed in antisense oligo RNase H group in non-target site (1211-1231nt) and 2 bases mismatched of A3, nor splicing occurred in DNzyme group in non-target site ( 1211-1231nt) and 2 bases mismatched of D3. Site 2 and 3 were at the same positions with those of ISIS Pharmaceuticals. The effective antisense oligos and DNAzymes for Fas gene could be used for the research subsequently.