Objective:To investigate the application of leukogenic medicine in cancer patients and standardize the use of WBC increasing medicine in a hospital. Methods:A retrospective analysis of 579 patient records from January 2014 to December in a hospital diagnosed as malignant tumor and issued WBC increasing medicine . The kinds of drugs,timing of administration, dosage,frequency of administration,the use of medication,drug combination and the choice of solvent were analysed by collecting the patients’ essential information, chemotherapy, myelosuppression etc. Results: The l white blood drugs mainly oral preparations;There were 414 rational drug use medication orders,accounting for 71. 50 percent;irrational drug use medical record 165,accounting for 28. 50% . The dosage and duration of treatment in line with requirements,and unreasonable cases mainly suitable varieties and timing of administration based,42. 42% and 27. 88% ,respectively;followed by repeated dosing and combination therapy is not suitable,13. 33% 1and 2. 73,respectively;a lower incidence of solvent choice unsuitable,is 3. 64% . Conclusion:The use of WBC increasing medicine need to be standardized in cancer patients in the hospital. Clinicians need to strengthen studying the knowledge of the application of WBC increasing medicine and use WBC increasing medicine rationally.

This study aimed to evaluate emerging trends of drug resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) among 290 former blood donor HIV-1 infected patients in Hubei,China,from 2004 to 2006,all of whom had received anti-HIV-1 therapy.The presence of NRTI- and NNRTI-associated mutations were established by sequencing; genotypic and predicted phenotypic drug resistance were evaluated using HIVdb Program version 5.0.1 (http://hivdb.stanford.edu/pages/algs/HIVdb.html).Genotypic drug resistance analysis showed significant increases in percentages of patients carrying HIV-1 strains with M41L,T215Y/F,D67N,K103N,G190A/S,Y181C/F or L210W mutations.Of the variants' predicted phenotypic drug resistance,highly significant increases were detected in percentages of patients carrying HIV-1 with high resistance to zidovudine (AZT) or stavudine (D4T) in NRTIs,and to delavirdine (DLV),efavirenz (EFV) or nevirapine (NVP) in NNRTIs; intermediate resistance to abacavir (ABC),AZT,D4/T,didanosine (DDI) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in NRTIs,and to etravirine (ETR) in NNRTIs; and low and potential low resistance to lamivudine (3TC),ABC,emtricitabine (FTC) or TDF in NRTIs,and to ETR in NNRTIs.

Cysts ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Tongue Diseases ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery

To provide accurate information on geographic distribution of crude drug Sailonggu in the plateau, we identified zokor species (Eospalax spp.) in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using molecular methods. Based on the mitochondrial cytochrome B (cytb) gene sequences, we then extracted haplotypes from these sequences and reconstructed phylogenetic trees for the haplotypes using both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. Based on the trees, the species of each sample were determined. Five hundred and three samples from 35 populations were sequenced and their whole cytb sequences (1140 bp) were obtained. From these sequences 150 haplotypes were detected, in which, 126 were Eospalax baileyi, 20 were E. cansus, and 4 were E. smithi of the 35 populations, 28 were E. baileyi type, 5 were E. cansus type, and the remaining 2 were mixed of E. baileyi + E. cansus (DT2) and E. baileyi + E. smithi (ZN3). The results showed that, the regions around the Qinghai lake and near the upper stream of Yellow River started at Guide could be viewed as the producing area of authentic Sailonggu, and also, the cytb gene is a powerful molecular marker to determine the species of zokors as well as for the authentication of geographic distribution of Sailonggu.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Haplotypes ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Phylogeny ; Rodentia ; classification ; genetics

Objective:To evaluate the clinical application of 64-slice spiral computer tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods:Sixty-two patients suspected of PE were examined by 64-slice spiral CTPA.The image findings combined with their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Twenty-four of the 62 patients were confirmed to have PE by clinical data,laboratory examination and follow-up examination.64-slice spiral CTPA discovered 152 involved branches in the 24 PE patients,including 4 branches in left and right pulmonary trunk,52 in lobar pulmonary arteries,82 in segmental pulmonary arteries,and 14 in subsegmental arteries.Four types of PE were detected in our group,including eccentric filling defect in 58 branches,central filling defect in 49 branches,total occlusion of the pulmonary arteries in 21 branches,and mural embolism of host artery in 24 branches.The diagnosis accuracy of 64-slice spiral CTPA in the present group of patients was 100%,with no missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.Besides,64-slice spiral CTPA could reflect the location,morphology,involvement and degrees of PE.Conclusion:64-slice spiral CTPA is a rapid,accurate and non-invasive diagnostic approach for PE.It is the first choice in clinical screening of PE and may serve as a gold standard for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

Objeetive To explore the effects of renal artery calcification on the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN),the activation and its role of bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2) signal pathway in renal artery of rats.Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group(CON group),DN group and DN with vascular calcification group (DN+VDN group).Rats of group DN and DN + VDN were fed with high sugar and fat diet and injected with streptozocin (STZ) into abdominal cavity to induce diabetes.After diabetic models were successfully made,rats of group DN+ VDN were treated by vitamin D3 plus nicotine.The rats were sacrificed at 8th,12th and 16th week respectively and the levels of renal function,blood glucose and 24 h urinary protein (24-h Upro) were measured.The pathologic changes to the renal artery were observed by yon-Kossa staining and the calcium content was detected by calcium assay kit.The pathologic changes to the kidney were observed by HE.Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the protein expression of BMP2/Smad1/Runx2/ Osterix signal pathway in the renal artery and real-time PCR were applied to detect the mRNA expression levels of BMP2 and Runx2.Results The calcium content and the deposition of black granules in DN group were significantly higher than those in group CON and lower than DN + VDN group at each time point (P ＜ 0.05).The renal function indices in group DN and group DN+VDN were gradually increased in 8th,12th and 16th weeks,and were higher than those in group CON (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with that in DN group,although the level of BUN,Scr,Cys C and 24-h Upro in DN+VDN group rats were higher at different time point,the level of Cys C at each time point and the level of 24-h Upro in the 16th week showed significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).The pathological damages of the kidney in group DN and DN+VDN showed a continual worsening trend and the pathological changes of the kidney in group DN+VDN were more serious than those in group DN.Furthermore,the levels of BMP2/Smad1/Runx2/Osterix signal protein and BMP2,Runx2 mRNA in DN rats were higher than those in CON group,lower than DN+VDN group at each time point (P ＜ 0.05).Correlation analysis demonstrated that calcium content was positively correlated with serum BUN,Scr,Cys C,24-h Upro and the expression of BMP2,Runx2 mRNA (r=0.835,0.705,0.829,0.897,0.641,0.683,P ＜ 0.01,respectively).Conclusion Renal artery calcification may participate in and promote the progression of DN,and the BMP2 signal pathway may be an important regulating factor in DN with renal artery calcification.

Objective To explore the effects of renal artery calcification on the renal function in type 2 diabetic ne-phropathy rats .Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group ( CON group ) , diabetic nephropathy group ( DN group) and DN with vascular calcification group ( DN+VC group) .Rats of group DN and DN +VC were fed with high sugar and fat diet and injected with streptozotocin (STZ)into abdominal cavity to induce type 2 diabetes. After diabetic models were made , rats of group DN+VC were treated by vitamin D 3 plus nicotine .The rats were sacrificed at 8 , 12 and16 week respectively and the pathologic change to the renal artery were microscoped by von Kossa staining .The calcium content were detected by calcium assay kit and double immunofluorescence staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction ( RT-qPCR) were applied to detect the protein and gene expression levels of BMP2 in the renal artery.Measure the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (Scr),cystatin C (Cys C) and 24 hour urinary protein (24-h UA)respectively at the 8th,12th and 16th weeks.Histopathology of kidney was assessed by hematoxylin/eosin staining .Results The deposition of black granules , the calcium content and the protein and gene expression levels of BMP 2 in DN group were significantly higher than those in group CON and lower than DN+VC group at each time points(P<0.05).The BUN, Scr, Cys C and 24-h UA in group DN and group DN+VC were gradually increased in 8th,12th and 16th weeks, and were higher than those in group CON( P<0.05 ) .Compared with the DN group , only the level of Cys C at each time point and the level of 24-h UA in 16th week in DN+VC group were significantly higher ( P<0.05 ) .The pathological damages of the kidney in group DN showed a continual worsening trend and the pathological changes of the kidney in group DN +VC were more serious than group DN .Calcium content was positively correlated with the increased serum BUN , Scr, Cys C, 24-h UA and BMP2 mRNA ( all P<0.01 ) .Conclusions The occurrence and severity of renal artery calcification may participate in and promote the progression of DN .

ObjectiveTo explore the role of BTBD10 overexpression in the proliferation of insulinoma cell line INS-1and its mechanism. MethodsThe recombined expression plasmid of pcDNA4.0-BTBD10 was constructed by gene cloning technique and was transfected into INS-1 cell by lipofectamine 2000. The stable overexpression BTBD10 of INS-1cell was selected at 48th hour after transfection.INS-1 cell proliferation activity was measured by MTT method.The expression of BTBD10,protein kinase B(Akt),phospho-Akt(p-Akt),mammal target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) were determined by Western blot.ResultsThe stable overexpression BTBD10 of INS-1 cell wassuccessfullyconstructed.OverproductionofBTBD10promotedbetacellproliferation.The phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR was increased and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR was enhanced in the INS-1 overexpressed by BTBD10.But the expression of total Akt and mTOR presented no obvious changes. Conclusion The overexpression BTBD10 of INS-1 cell could activate of Akt/mTOR signalling pathway via stimulating phospho-mTOR and Akt,and enhance overall cell protein translation,so as to promote proliferation of INS-1 cell.

Objective To observe the effect of different analgesic methods including patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on stress response and anxiety in surgical patients with lower limb fracture. Methods A total of 120 surgical patients with lower limb fractures were employed and divided randomly into Groups PCEA, PCIA and C (40per group). All patients were anaesthetized by using combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. After operation, PCEA and PCIA were applied in the patients of Groups PCEA and PCIA, respectively. No analgesic method was employed in the Group C. The dynamic indices including mean blood press (MAP) and heart rate (HR), blood serum cortisol (COR) and blood sugar (BS) were measured at different time points,ie, T0 ( pre-anesthesia), T1 ( the end of the operation), T2 (24 hours after operation) and T3 (48 hours after operation). The visual analogue pain score was conducted at time points of T1, T2 and T3. The measurement of anxiety score was done at pre-operation and at days 1 and 7 after operation. Results There were no significant changes in HR and MAP of Groups PCEA and PCIA (P＞0.05, compared with T0) at every time point after operation. Whereas, HR and MAP of Group C were increased at time points of T1 and T2 (P ＜ 0.05, compared with T0 ), with statistical difference compared with Groups PCEA and PCIA at the same time points (P ＜ 0.05 ). VAS in Group PCEA was lower than that in Group PCIA at time points of T2 and T3 ( P ＜ 0.05). Meanwhile, VAS in Groups PCEA and PCIA was lower than that in Group C (P＜0. 05). COR and BS in Group PCEA were significant lower than those in group PCIA at time points of T2 and T3 (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Meanwhile, COR and BS in Groups PCEA and PCIA was lower than that in Group C (P＜0.05 or ＜0.01 ). Moreover, the changes were more significant in Group PCIA than that in Group PCEA (P ＜ 0. 05 ). The anxiety score in Groups PCEA and PCIA was lower than that in Group C (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Two analgesic methods of PCEA and PCIA can provide safe and effective postoperative analgesia and attenuate the stress response and anxiety in surgical patients with lower limb fracture. Meanwhile, PCEA takes more advantages than PCIA.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic methods and therapeutical measures on acute portal vein thrombosis. Method Clinical data of 13 cases of acute portal vein thrombosis were retrospectively analyzed and its diagnosis and therapy were evaluated.Results In this group,8 cases were male and 5 were female.The average age was(54±26)years old and 6 of which had identified inducement.Diagnosis was made with enhanced CT or MRI/MRA in all cases,Among which 5 cases were treated with non-surgical method(anticoagulation and thrombolysis)and 2 died.The other 8 cases were cured with surgical procedures (thrombectomy and tube insertion for anticoagulation and thrombolysis though superior mesenteric vein).Segmental small intestinal necrosis necessitated small bowel resection in 5 cases.Conclusion Surgical procedures remain the important therapy of choice for acute portal vein thrombosis especially when bowel necrosis is suspected.