Objective To explore the changes of asphyxial neonatal gastric juice pH values,and to provide data for making early intervention measures.Methods Eighty asphyxial neonates were divided into routine group(55 cases)and intervention group(25 cases).Twenty neonates who weren't asphyxial were set as a control group.Those neonates' gastric juice pH values were monitored dynamically.The newborns in intervention group were treated by giving smecta and cimetidine intravenously on the routine treatment.The impairment occurrence conditions of these newborns' gastrointestinal functions were observed.Results The gastric juice pH values of asphyxial neonates were obviously lower than those of the control group at their birth(Pa0.05).The occurrence rate of gastrointestinal functions impairment was lowered(?2=16.0 P

OBJECTIVETo explore the alterations of after depolarization and triggered activity in myocardiac muscle during progression of mouse aortic stenosis.

METHODSAfter the establishment of mouse aortic stenosis model, the heart was collected and intracellular potential was recorded using standard glass microelectrode. After the recording, the action potential (AP), early after depolarization (EAD), delayed after depolarization (DAD) in papillary muscles were analysed.

RESULTS(1) Compared with that of time-matched control mice, there were no changes of the action potoutial duration at 90% repolarization(APD90) in model mice at 2 and 5 weeks, whereas the APD90 was progressively prolonged at 9 and 13 weeks. (2) During the 30 minites of the experiment, spontaneous EADs and DADs were frequently present in medel mice at 9 and 13 weeks, were not in control and model mice at 2 and 5 weeks. (3) Compared with those of control group, EADs and DADs triggered by hypokalaemia or isoproterenol were increased significantly. The incidence rate of triggering EADs and DADs was progressively increased over time.

CONCLUSIONEAD, DAD and trigger activities increase gradually during the process of aortic stenosis, and it suggests that the myocardium electrical-instability is markedly increased in the insult hearts.

Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo find the characteristic parameters from electrocardiogram (ECG) which is most related to pathological progress, surface ECG was performed in mice at 2, 5, 9 and 13 week post surgery.

METHODSElectrocardiogram recordings: The mice were anaesthetized with tribromoethanol (250 mg/kg, i.p.). Lead II surface ECG were acquired by using the Biopac System MP150 at a rate of 5 kHz.

RESULTS(1) No arrhythmia was observed in Sham and 2-week Band mice. Spontaneous arrhythmias were observed in ECG recordings, with an incidence of 15%, 28% and 63% in 5-, 9- and 13-week Band mice, respectively. Tachyarrhythmias, such as frequent premature ventricular extrasystole, bigeminy, trigeminy, and paroxysmal tachycardia were found. (2) Analysis of ECG recordings revealed a significant prolongation of QT and QTc intervals. Compared with age-matched Sham mice, the increment in QT and QTc intervals was 20.4%, 32.7%, 49.7%, 61.0% and 27.1%, 32.1%, 43.9%, 59.1% at 2, 5, 9 and 13 week, respectively (P < 0.01). (3) The characteristic change in electrocardiogram was on the J wave. The amplitude of J wave was upward in Sham mice, and it was significantly flattened or inverted in Band mice. (4) Except that RR interval at 2 week showed a slight decrease, there was no significant change in PR interval and RR interval in Band mice.

CONCLUSIONIn the present study, we found that the increase incidence of spontaneous arrhythmias, prologation of QT interval and changes in the amplitude of the J wave in the surface ECG during progression of mouse cardiac hypertrophy and failure, and the progressive pattern indicated that a gradual aggravation of the ventricular repolarization delay in this mouse model.

Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electrocardiography ; Male ; Mice

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Anorexia ; therapy ; Child ; Constipation ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pruritus ; therapy

0.05). TNF-? in group EK and EKM was lower than that in group E (P0.05). Conclusions Ketamine can inhibit the release of TNF-? caused by LPS and increase myocardial cAMP level, protecting myocardium from sepsis. This may be one of the anti-septic shock mechanisms of ketamine. Combination of midazolam with ketamine does not affect the anti-septic shock property of ketamine.

Objective To investigate the inhibition of low-dose aprotinin on systematic inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods Twenty-eight ASA Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients(male 13, female 15) undergoing valve replacement were studied. The age ranged from 27 to 55 years and body weight from 37 to 70 kg. CPB time ranged from 66 to 218 mm and aortic cross clamping time from 30 to 140 min . The patients were divided into two groups: control group(n=14) and aprotinin group(n = 14) Premedication included intramuscular phenobarbital sodium 0.1 g and scopolamine 0.3 mg. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous midazolam 0. lmg/kg, fentanyl 20-30?g/kg and vecuronium 0. 1-0. 12mg/kg, and maintained with intermittent bolus injection of fentanyl and vecuronium supplemented with isoflurane inhalation. In aprotinin group aprotinin 1?106KIU was infused after induction of anesthesia until thoracotomy, after thoracotomy aprotinin was infused at a rate of 2.5? 106 KIU/h and aprotinin 2. 5 ?106KIU was added to the prime fluid as suggested by Levy. Blood samples were obtained before anesthesia, before CPB and 1h and 24h after CPB for determination of CD11b and CD18 expression on the surface of neutrophil by immunofluoresence flow cytometry. Results The expression of CD11b or CD18 and CPB time were positively correlated(?= 0.644, 0.538, P0.05). 1 h after CPB CD11b/ CD18 expression increased significantly in the control group and was significantly higher than that in the aprotinin group, but at 24h after CPB only CD11b expression in control group was significantly higher than that in aprotinin group. In aprotinin group there was no significant difference in CD11b/CD18 expression between the four intervals.Conclusions CPB-induced systematic inflammatory response may be positively correlated with CPB time. Low dose aprotinin can inhibit the increase in CD11b/CD18 expression after CPB.

AlM: To explore the clinical application effect of phacofragmentation combined with vitrectomy in the treatment of traumatic lens dislocation.
METHODS:Totally 16 cases (16 eyes) of traumatic lens dislocation treated with phacofragmentation combined with vitrectomy were retrospectively analyzed, including 6 cases of high intraocular pressure ( lOP) and 10 cases of vitreous hemorrhage, and 1 case of retinal detachment. All patients were given conventional flat line standard three channel vitreous operation incision to remove the anterior, middle part and peripheral vitreous around lens dislocation. The crystalline lens were drawn to the center cavity of vitreous body and treated by ultrasonic disintegrator. ln the operation, the retina was examined and 8 of them had no retinal damage and in the first stage underwent fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses.
RESULTS: All crystalline lens dislocated were completely grinded and suctioned. There was no retinal detachment occurred in 3mo followed up. 16 eyes had normal lOP (12-20mmHg) at 1wk after operation. The average visual acuity was improved and with 8 cases got improved of 0. 2 or more 1wk after operation.
CONCLUSlON: Our research shows that phacofragmentation combined with vitrectomy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of traumatic lens dislocation. The patients with nondestructive retina in the operation are feasible to do first stage operation of intraocular lens suture fixation, which contributes to the best visual acuity.

Background Sustained abnormal tear secretion in dry eye patients may lead to ocular surface and lacrimal glands in the state of long-term inflammatory cell infiltration.Lacrimal gland suffers immune attack by lymphoproliferative,and inflammation interferes normal gland secretion,in which chemokines and their receptors on lymphocytes play a key role.Objective This study was to investigate the inflammation mechanism of delayed allergy induced by Th1 cell in the development of dry eye.Methods Sixty eyes of 30 patients with dry eye and matched 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in Affiliated First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June to December in 2012.Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t),break up time (BUT) of tear and corneal fluorescence stain (FLS) were performed on the subjects,and conjunctiva epithelial cells were obtained using cytological method of conjunctiva imprinting.Positive cell rates of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) were detected by flow cytology,and the relative expression levels of regulated upon activation of normal T cells exp ressed and secreted (RANTES),macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-lα and MIP-1β,monokine induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (MIG),interferon-γ inducible protein 10 (IP10) and interferon-inducible T-cell α chemoattractant (I-TAC) mRNA were quantitatively assayed by real-time PCR.Differences of the positive rates of CCR5,CXCR3 and lignds were compared between dry eye group and normal control group.Relationship between the positive rates of CCR5,CXCR3 and BUT,S Ⅰ t,FLS scores was analyzed.Results The values of BUT,S Ⅰ t were (2.90±1.37) seconds and (4.00±2.49) mm/5 minutes in the dry eye group,which were significantly lower than (8.56±4.69) seconds and (11.31 ±5.23) mm/5 minutes in the normal control group (t =3.172,2.186,both at P＜0.05).FLS scores,positive rates of CCR5 and CXCR3 were0.90±0.57,(3.38±0.66) ％ and (2.64±0.47)％ in the dry eye group,showing significant elevations in comparison with 0.14±0.06,(2.12±0.21) ％ and (1.12±0.11) ％ in the normal control group (t=2.297,3.151,5.454,all at P＜0.05).In the dry eye group,the masculine rate of CCR5 was negatively correlated with BUT and S Ⅰ t (r=-0.473,-0.385,both at P＜0.05).The masculine rate of CXCR3 was negatively correlated with BUT and S Ⅰ t (r =-0.753,-0.684,both at P＜0.05).No considerable correlations between the positive rate of CCR5 with the positive rate of CXCR3 or FLS scores (r =0.231,0.336,both at P＜0.05).The relative expression levels of RANTES,MIP-1α,MIG and IP10 mRNA in the dry eye group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (t =3.091,2.894,2.688,2.245,all at P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the relative expression levels of MIP-1β and I-TAC mRNA between the two groups (t =0.512,1.979,both at P＞0.05).The positive correlations were seen between the masculine rate of CCR5 with the relative expression of RANTES or MIP-1α mRNA (r=0.473,0.285,both at P＜0.05),but there was no obvious correlation between the masculine rate of CCR5 and the MIP-1 β mRNA expression(r=0.214,P＞0.05).In addition,the masculine rate of CXCR3 was positive correlated with the expressions of MIG and IP10 mRNA (r=0.553,0.314,both at P＜0.05),whereas the masculine rate of CXCR3 was not related to the expression of I-TAC mRNA (r=0.364,P＞0.05).Conclusions Dry eye is probably along with the long-term infiltration of inflammatory cells.The delayed allergy induced by Th1 cells and the nature killed cells is probably the primary cause to xerophthalmia.CCR5,CXCR3 and their ligands might be the regulative targets in the inflammation mechanism of dry eye.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataract are the most common causes of low vision worldwide.Nowadays, there is still a controversy about whether cataract surgery should be taken in patients combined with AMD and when should the surgery be taken.The aim of this review is to assess the influence of cataract surgery on the occurrence and development of AMD, to analyze the risk factors, to explore the occasion of cataract surgery in patients with AMD, and joint with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment, also including the development and application of intraocular lens.It helps to avoid and postpone the development and progression of macular degeneration after cataract surgery and get good visual outcome.

How to improve the teaching quality is urgent and significant at present.Based on reforming the teaching methods,the authors have studied the new methods of medical postgraduate examination since 2005 including the assessments on practical skills,the level of mastering knowledge,self learning and innovating ability and the criterion of giving a mark,which have been applied for three years and achieved the aim and the effect in clinical electro-cardiology teaching.