Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Cardiomyopathies ; etiology ; therapy ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form ; Electrocardiography ; Foodborne Diseases ; blood ; complications ; therapy ; Glutamyl Aminopeptidase ; blood ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; etiology ; Seizures ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the occupational stress status and its influence factors among counselors in institutes of higher education in Guangdong Province. METHODS: By clustering random sampling method,260 counselors from 9universities in Guangdong Province were chosen as study subjects. The sub-questionnaires of Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition,included the Occupational Role Questionnaire( ORQ),Personal Strain Questionnaire( PSQ) and the Personal Resources Questionnaire( PRQ) were used to investigate their occupational tasks,stress reaction and coping resources,respectively. The related influence factors were also analyzed. RESULTS: The total scores of ORQ and PSQ of counselors in universities of Guangdong Province were higher than the national norm( P < 0. 01),while the PRQ total score was lower than the national norm( P < 0. 01); the counselors who had over professional task accounted for 13. 85%( 36 /260); the counselors who had occupational stress reaction accounted for 15. 77%( 41 /260); the counselors who lacked the personal coping resource accounted for 16. 54%( 43 /260). The logistic regression analysis indicated that the counselors in non-medical colleges had higher risk of more occupational tasks than those in medical college( P < 0. 05);the counselors aged 30 years or above were more prone to lack of personal coping resource than those aged under 30 years( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: Compared with the general population,the university counselors in Guangdong Province have more professional task,higher degree of occupational stress and more shortage of personal coping resources. Therefore,some intervention measures aiming at the main influence factors should be carried out to relieve the occupational stress.

Secondary metabolites are the result of that plant interaction with biological and non-biological factors in the long-term evolution process, and play an important role in plant growth, development and physiology. The effective components of medicinal plant are usually the secondary metabolites in plant cells, and the synthesis of them are affected by a variety of factors, such as environmental impact. Acquirement of the secondary metabolites via callus culture has the advantage of low cost and less environmental impact. The synthesis and accumulation of medicinal plant secondary metabolites are not only controlled by light, temperature and pH, but also infected by germplasm, plant growth regulator and elicitor. This article presents a review of the influencing factors, and provides a basis for further study and development.
Light ; Plant Growth Regulators ; metabolism ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; radiation effects ; Plants ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo study the features of interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) during sleep and wakefulness in children with epilepsy.

METHODSThe polysomnography, active EEG and video EEG were performed on 48 children with epilepsy during the whole night, and wakefulness of pre- and post-sleep. The epileptiform sharp/spike discharge indexes during sleep and wakefulness were recorded. The positive rate of IED in focal and generalized epilepsy was compared.

RESULTSOf the 48 patients, 25 showed IED, including 9 cases (36.0%) in the generalized seizure group and 16 cases (64.0%) in the focal seizure group (P<0.05). The epileptiform sharp/spike discharge indexes in the whole non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stage (stages S1-S4: 21.13+/-19.96, 19.59+/-17.76, 22.85+/-18.99, and 20.37+/-16.63) were significantly higher than that in the wakefulness stage (8.20+/-6.21) (P<0.05). The discharge index in the S3 stage during NREM sleep was higher than that during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (22.85+/-18.99 vs 12.91+/-10.95; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe positive rate of IED in the focal seizure group was higher than that in the generalized seizure group. Sleep, especially NREM sleep, facilitates IED in children with epilepsy.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Polysomnography ; Sleep ; physiology ; Wakefulness ; physiology

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Gleason score 10 prostate cancer treated by external radiotherapy and hormone therapy.
Methods From January 2003 to March 2014, 1832 patients with prostate cancer were treated, among which 9 patients (represented 0.49%) were identified as Gleason score 10 disease on prostate core biopsy without distant metastases when first diagnosed. All 9 patients were treated by whole pelvic external radiotherapy (The whole pelvic dose was 50.0 Gy and the boost dose ranged from 76.2 to 78.0 Gy) and long-term hormone therapy. We assessed the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and treatment toxicities. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results The median follow-up was 4.8 years. Six patients’ pre-treatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were lower than 20.0μg/L and three patients’ pre-treatment PSA levels were higher than 70.0μg/L. The median percentage of positive biopsy cores was 91%. Three, four and two cases were classified as T2c, T3a and T3b stage, respectively. Three cases were assessed as N1 stage. The 5-year biochemical failure-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, cancer specific survival and overall survival rates were 28.6%, 57.1%, 66.7%and 57.1%, respectively. Five patients experienced grade 1-2 acute gastrointestinal toxicities and six patients complained of grade 1-2 acute genitourinary toxicities. No bone fracture or cardiovascular disease was detected.
Conclusions Gleason score 10 prostate cancer on core biopsy is usually combined with other high risk factors. The pre-treatment PSA levels lie in two extremes. Timely and active treatments are urgent needed because unfavourable oncological outcomes are often presented.

Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive smoking cessation on pre-operative period patients' prognosis.Methods Totals of 120 cases smoking preoperative patients from 12th People' s Hospital of Guangzhou city between October 2011 and October 2012 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with each group of 60 patients.The patients in control group were given routine intervention,and the observation group given 5A interference and cognition intervention besides routine intervention.The following indexes including the patients' smoking dose,the ratio of smoking cessation succeeded,the concentration of expiratory gas carbon monoxide,the blood carboxyhemoglobin and urine cotinine were detected at the first week,first month and 6th month after the patients were discharged from the hospital.Results The smoking quit rate of observation group was higher than that of the control group (53.3％ vs 8.3％),the different were statistical significant (x2 =28.45,P =0.00),and the low nosocomial infection rate was found in the observation group than the control (5.0％ vs 16.7％).There was a lower concentration of the expiratory gas CO [(8.18 ±3.35) vs (14.98 ±8.43) ppm,(8.01 ±3.04) vs (14.65 ±6.91) ppm,(7.78 ±3.71) vs (14.49±6.13) ppm],COHb [(1.41 ±0.54)％ vs (2.93 ±1.24) ％,(1.39 ±0.67)％ vs (2.89 ± 1.52) ％,(1.33 ± 0.70) ％ vs (2.78 ± 1.08) ％] and urine cotinine [(17.05 ± 4.11) vs (45.38 ±20.81) μg/L,(15.23 ±4.71) vs (44.69±19.23) μg/L,(15.15 ±5.13) vs (44.64±21.47) μ.g/L] in the observation group than those of the control group at the first week,first month and 6th month (t =5.81,6.82,7.26,8.68,6.97,8.69,10.34,11.48,10.34;P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Perioperative smoking cessation intervention could enhance smoking cessation quit rate,decrease the nosocomial infection rate and lower the concentration of CO,COHb,urine cotinine.

Objective To investigate the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of herbal cake-separated moxibustion.Methods Twenty-four New Zealand purebred male rabbits were randomly divided into normal group,model group,herbal cake-separated moxibustion group and Atorvastatin group,with 6 rabbits in each group.Except for the normal group,the rabbits in the other groups were fed with high-fat diet mixed with Propylthiouracil(PTU)method to construct an atherosclerosis model.At the same period of modeling,corresponding intervention was given.After 12 weeks,the levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were detected.The pathological changes of rabbit aortic tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The levels of serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin 6(IL-6)and interleukin 10(IL-10)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The contents of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-AKT)and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin(p-mTOR)in myocardial tissue were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with the normal group,the serum levels of TC,TG and LDL-C in the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.001),the aortic vascular endothelial structure was significantly damaged,the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were increased(P＜0.001),the serum level of IL-10 was decreased(P＜0.01),and the protein expression levels of PI3K,p-AKT and p-mTOR in myocardial tissue were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the above indexes in the herbal cake-separated moxibustion group and the Atorvastatin group were significantly improved(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 or P＜0.001).Compared with the Atorvastatin group,the contents of TG and LDL-C in the herbal cake-separated moxibustion group were increased(P＜0.01),and other indicators did not change significantly(P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis of herbal cake-separated moxibustion may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and the regulation of the expressions of inflammatory mediators TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10.

OBJECTIVETo analyse the outcome of different regimens for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).

METHODSResponse rate, median survival time and overall survival rate of 206 MM patients treated with different protocols were retrospectively analysed.

RESULTThe median survival time, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) of 200 MM patients treated with conventional therapy were 30.5 months, 32.0% and 15.8%, respectively. The total response rate and complete response (CR) rate of 195 patients treated with MP regimen and combination chemotherapy (CCT) were 45.6% and 14.9%, respectively. The response rates were higher for the patients treated with CCT than for those treated with MP (50.3% versus 30.4%, P < 0.05). The median survival time, 3- and 5- year OS in MP versus CCT group were 30.0 versus 30.5 months, 22.0% versus 35.0%, 13.2% versus 16.7%, respectively, but all of them have no statistical difference. Compared with those without IFN alpha maintenance therapy, patients received IFN alpha therapy showed a higher response rate (34.4% versus 53.6%, P < 0.05) and a longer median survival time (27 versus 52 months, P < 0.01). The total response in patients received thalidomide was 65.5%. Of the 6 patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), 5 remained alive in CR or PR with a mean survival time of (73.0 +/- 12.5) months.

CONCLUSIONSCCT yields higher response rates, but not longer survival time than MP does for the treatment of MM. The response rate as well as the overall survival rate increased when IFN alpha was used as maintenance therapy. Thalidomide can improve response rate as well. HSCT could prolong survival time in patients aged < 60 years with good status.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; administration & dosage ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Gleason score 10 prostate cancer on core biopsy and without distant metastases when first diagnosed , and to evaluate the effectiveness of ex-ternal radiotherapy combined with hormone therapy in these patients .Methods From January 2003 to March 2014 , 9 patients were identified as Gleason score 10 prostate cancer without distant metastases when first diag-nosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital .All the patients were treated by whole pelvic external radiothera-py and long-term hormone therapy .The whole pelvic radiation dose was 50.0 Gy, the boost dose for the whole prostate, bilateral seminal vesicles , and regional positive lymph nodes ranged from 76.2 to 78.0 Gy.The hor-mone therapy used maximal androgen blockade , i.e.oral anti-androgen drugs plus monthly injection of luteini-zing hormone-releasing hormone analogs .We assessed the clinical characteristics of the patients and the treat-ment outcomes of the combination therapy .Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results The median follow-up was 4.8 years ( 26 -75 months ) .The median pre-treatment serum prostate specific antigen ( PSA) level was 11.2 μg/L.The pre-treatment PSA levels were lower than 20 μg/L in 6 pa-tients, and higher than 70 μg/L in 3 patients.The median percentage of positive biopsy cores was 90.9 %. In TNM staging, 3, 4, and 2 cases were classified as T2c, T3a, and T3b, respectively;6 and 3 cases were clas-sified as N0 and N1 , respectively;and all the 9 cases were classified as M0 .Six patients developed biochemical failure, 5 of which progressed into distant metastasis .Four patients died during the follow-up period, 3 of which died of prostate cancer .The 5-year biochemical failure-free survival ( BFFS ) , distant metastasis-free survival ( DMFS ) , cancer-specific survival ( CSS ) , and overall survival ( OS ) were 28.6%, 57.1%, 66.7%, and 57.1%, respectively .Five patients experienced grade 1-2 acute gastrointestinal ( GI) toxicity and 6 patients developed grade 1-2 acute genitourinary (GU) toxicity due to radiotherapy.No late GI or GU toxicity was reported.No bone fracture, cardiovascular event, or other severe hormone therapy-related compli-cations was detected .Conclusions Gleason score 10 prostate cancer without distant metastases when first di-agnosed may be often combined with high risk factors such as high percentage of positive biopsy cores , and ad-vanced tumor stage .Timely and active comprehensive treatments including external radiotherapy and hormone therapy are usually necessary because these patients generally have unfavorable prognosis .

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the survival trends and patterns of failure in patients with stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy over the last 20 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight hundred and eight patients diagnosed with stage II NPC between January 1990 and December 2012 were involved in this retrospective cohort study. All patients were treated with RT. According to the main imaging techniques and RT technology, we categorized these patients into four calendar periods: 1990-1996, 1997-2002, 2003-2007, and 2008-2012. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis–free survival (DMFS) were served as the clinical outcome. RESULTS: After a median follow-up period of 84.7 months, we observed increasing trends in survival and disease control. The 3- and 5-year OS rates increased from 87.1% and 78.7% in the first calendar period to 97.4% and 94.5% in the last calendar period, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, significant increasing trends could be seen in the PFS and LRFS during the four calendar periods. In the subgroup analysis, the LRFS in patients older than 50 years at diagnosis showed greater improvement than younger patients. However, the rate of distant metastasis was stable and relatively low, as the 5-year DMFS ranged from 90.5% to 94.7% among the four calendar periods. CONCLUSION: The survival rates in patients with stage II NPC showed increasing trends from 1990 to 2012. The advance of RT provided excellent locoregional control and enhanced OS.
Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate