HER2-positive breast cancer is highly aggressive and prone to recurrence and metastasis. T-DM1 (Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine) is a new anti-HER2 targeted drug with targeting therapeutic effect and cytotoxic killing. It was officially approved by the National Medical Products Administration in February 2020, but there are few reports about its application in China. In this paper, a case of locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treated with T-DM1 was reported, and relevant literature was reviewed to improve the understanding of targeted drug T-DM1, in order to provide a new anti-HER2 treatment option for HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

Animals ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Lipid Bilayers ; Potassium Channels ; Sarcolemma ; physiology ; Swine

Objective To understand the schistosomiasis prevention knowledge of middle school students from areas with dif-ferent endemic levels in Hubei Province. Methods The schistosomiasis endemic regions were divided into transmission con-trolled areas and endemic controlled areas in Hubei Province,middle school students from different types of areas were selected through stratified randomized cluster sampling and were investigated by questionnaire. Results A total of 3 204 students were se-lected and investigated. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis prevention and control knowledge among the students ranged from 65.1%-90.3%. Overall,the students from endemic controlled areas had higher knowledge rates of all the items than those from transmission controlled areas(all P<0.05). The middle school students acquired schistosomiasis prevention knowledge mainly from the teachers,parents,doctors and schistosomiasis staff. Conclusion Health education to students should adopt different ways targeting at different endemic levels in the future.

Objective The study aimed to compare the vector system with the hand instrument in the pain severity during scaling and root planning.Methods 60 periodontal patients were randomly divided into two groups for supportive periodontal therapy (SPT):the experimental group (using vector system) and the control group (using gracey instruments),with 30 cases in each group.And the painfulness after SPT was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).Results 66％ patients felt mild pain during the supportive periodontal therapy with the application of vector system,while 36％ patients felt mild pain in the control group.24 patients in the experimental group accepted vector system for SPT and 23 patients in the experimental group felt less fear of the treatment.Conclusions Patients will feel less discomfort with the application of the vector system,therefore better compliance will be reached.And the cooperation of the doctors and nurses has great impact on the treatment effect.

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii ,and to investigate the changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance of these strains isolated during 2012 - 2014 .Methods Strains of Pseud‐omonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from January 2012 to December 2014 were collected .Antimicrobial suscep‐tibility of clinical isolates was tested by Kirby‐Bauer method .Results In the past three years ,214 strains of Pseudomonas aerugino‐sa and 347 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated .The nosocomial infection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased year by year ,while the Acinetobacter baumannii ′s increased .Most strains were isolated from sputum ,wound secretion and urine . The strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were distributed in various departments of the hospital .The detection rates of these strains were the highest in ICU ,respectively 27 .6% and 34 .9% .Both the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime ,imipenem ,Amikacin and Acinetobacter baumannii to Piperacillin/Tazobactam and imipenem had in‐creased ,while the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin B had decreased with each passing year .Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii causes severe nosocomial infections and the antimicrobial resistance rates in‐creased ,especially the resistance rates to carbapenem are becoming more higher in recent years .Acinetobacter baumannii shows strong antibacterial activity in vitro to Polymyxin B .Therefore ,antimicrobial resistance surveillance should be strengthened to direct rational use of antibiotics .

To study the inhibitory effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on MMP-9 gene expression in THP-1 cell line.To investigate the application of RNAi on the therapy of leukemia.Methods:Small interfering RNA ( siRNA) for MMP-9 gene was designed and transfected into THP-1 cells.MMP-9 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR, and MMP-9 protein expression was tested by Western blot.MTT and trypan blue staining were used to observe the effect on the proliferation of THP-1 cells after RNAi.The changes in cell morphology were observed under the microscope.Results:The expressions of MMP-9 mRNA and protein were inhibited in THP-1 MMP-9 siRNA-transfected cells ,significantly lower than those of control cells.The results of MTT and trypan blue staining in-dicated that the proliferation ability of THP-1 cells obviously decreased after siRNA-transfected 48h and 72h.The growth of cells was in-hibited and the cells survival rate was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05 ).The cells of control groups grew semi-quote wall under inverted microscope.The outline of cells was clear and the shape was uniform.The cells grew vigorously.While the growth of cells in siRNA group was inhibited.The morphology of siRNA group cells changed obviously by the Wright staining.Most cells expressed changes of apoptosis.Conclusion: siRNA for MMP-9 gene can not only reduce the expressions of MMP-9 mRNA and protein,but also inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of THP-1 cells.

Based on the results of the morphologic studies on genus Dioscorea, the paper summarized the entire chemical constituent that isolated from this genus and analyzed it with the methods of chemotaxonomy. The rules of the chemical constituent and pharmacodynamic effects were analyzed. Seventeen species which belong to Sect. Stenophora Uline of Dioscorea contain steroidal sapogenin. Other species with different main components such as polysaccharide and tannin have have different effects. This chemotaxonomic view point will conduce to establish a phylogeny of the genus Dioscorea.
Animals ; China ; Dioscorea ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)co-subordinate to TGF-β family. Both of them play very important roles in the development and differentiation of central and peripheral nervous system, and regulation of cell cycle in mammals.OBJECTIVE: To observe the differentiation of spinal cord-derived neural stem cells(NSCs) induced by GDNF combined with TGF-β1, and make a comparison of differentiation results with GDNF or TGF-β1 culture fluid.DESIGN: Controlled observation.SETTING: Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: Ten SD rats of clean grade, which were at conception for 16 days, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technplogy. Main reagents and materials:DMEM/F12,B27(GIBCO); basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), GDNF; TGF-β1(PeproTech);fetal bovine serum (FBS,Hyclone); nestin multiple antibody (Boster, Wuhan); glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) multiple antibody; neurofilament protein (NF-200) monoclonal antibody (Sigma).METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medcial University between October 2005 and September 2006. Under the aseptic condition, rat fetus was isolated for isolation and culture of spinal cord-derived neural stem cells. In this study, five groups were divided: basal medium group, control group, bFGF group, TGF-β1 group, GDNF+ TGF-β1 group. In the basal medium group, DMEM/F12 containing penicillin,streptomycin, amphotericin (AMPH) B and 0.02 volume fraction of B27 annex solution. At 1 week after primary culture, rat spinal cord-derived NSC clones proliferated in vitro stably were harvested. In the control group, 0.1 volume fraction of FBS was added into basal medium. In the later three groups, induced medium was exchanged, i.e. 20 μg/L bFGF, 2 μg/L TGF-β1, and 10 μg/L GDNF+2 μg/L TGF-β1 were added into the basal medium, respectively. ①The differentiation of spinal cord-derived NSCs induced by different factors were observed under the optical microscope. ②The expressions of neurons and astrocytes were detected by immunocytochemical staining labeling. ③ The differentiated cells were counted by sorting technique by means of fluorescence excitation flow cytometer, and the percentage of NSCs differentiating into neurons and astrocytes were detected under the different induction environments.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphological feature of cell differentiation in each group. ② Immunohistochemical detection of NSCs in each group. ③ The percentage of NSCs differentiating into neurons and astrocytes in each group.RESULTS: ① Cell morphology during differentiation: At the early stage of differentiation, lots of cells creeped to all the directions, and one week later, most of the migrated cells adhered to the wall entirely. Neuron-like cells, astrocyte-like cells and oligodendrocyte-like cells could be identified in the low-density cell region. ②Immunohistochemical detection results: A lot of GFAP- positive astrocytes were found in the control group and TGF-β1 group; Many differentiated neurons and NF-200 staining positive were found in the bFGF group and GDNF+ TGF-β1 group. ③Percentage of stained neuron and astrocyte: at one week of induction, the percentage of stained neurons was higher in the GDNF+ TGF-β1 group than in the control group, bFGF group and TGF-β1 group (x2=24.15,19.56,25.32,P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and the percentage of stained astrocytes was lower in the GDNF+ TGF-β1 group than in the control group, bFGF group and TGF-β1 group (x2=24.45,23.79,P ＜ 0.01 ).CONCLUSION: The combined in vitro induction of GDNF and TGF-β1 contributes to the neuronal differentiation of spinal cord-derived NSCs, indicating that both of them have synergistic effect.

Objective To explore the influence of pelvis obliquity in lateral position to acetabular component orientation during total hip arthroplasty (THA),and the method to correct.Methods Fifty patients (62 hips) were performed THA with posterolateral incision in lateral position by the same team.The patients were randomized and divided into experimental group (EX,with 25 cases,34 hips) and control group (CON,with 25 cases,28 hips).In EX group,the acetabular components were placed by means of the gradienter and plumb correcting technique during THA.While in CON group,the acetabular components were placed by traditional method during THA.The acetabular abduction angles were measured postoperatively,and compared between the two groups.Results The average obliquity of pelvis was-1.647°±4.512°in EX group when putting the patient in lateral position before correcting.Through the application of gradienter and plumb,the average abduction angle of acetabular component was 42.685°±3.355° postoperatively,with the difference of 1.962°±1.515° compared with the preoperative angles.And in CON group,the average abduction angle of acetabular component was 44.534°±4.844° postoperatively,with the difference of 4.244°±3.042°.The difference of abduction angle in CON group was much higher than that in EX group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The pelvic obliquity when putting the patient under lateral position will affect the surgeons'judgments of placing acetabular component during THA,furthermore,lead to inconsistency among the abduction angles obtained preoperatively,intraoperatively and postoperatively.By applying the correcting method with gradienter and plumb,the discrepancy can reduce obviously between the abduction angle measured postoperatively and that of measured during operation comparing with traditional method.

Objective To study the correlation of HLA-G levels with acute rejection and CMV active infection post-kidney transplantation.Methods A total of 132 initial kidney transplantation recipients were divided into kidney function stable group (F),acute rejection group (AR),CMV group according to whether they had active CMV infection and acute rejection.Forty-one healthy donors served as control group (H).HLA-G levels and mRNA expression were analyzed by using flow cytometry,ELISA,RT-PCR and Western blotting.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the HLA-G expression in kidney biopsies.Results The expression levels of mHLA-G1 were low in all 4 groups pre-transplantation.Only CMV group had significantly more CD14+ mHLA-G1+ cells post-transplantation (P＜0.05).sHLA-G5 levels were higher in F group than in H group (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference among other groups pre-transplantation (P＞0.05).sHLA-G5 levels were increased significantly in CMV group as compared with F group (P＜0.05),and those in F group were higher than in H and AR groups (P＜0.05).Renal tissue biopsies from 21 renal transplantation recipients with AR indicated that HLA-G5 was expressed negatively in 17 patients,positively in 3 patients and 1 weakly positively.HLA-G was positive in the kidney tissue of 9 patients out of 9 patients with active CMV infection.In total 132 recipients,AR incidence was significantly lower in CMV ( + ) group (7.1 ％,2/28) than that in CMV ( - ) group (24.0 ％,25/104).Conclusion The sHLA-G5 may contribute to predict AR and CMV active infection; AR and CMV active infection may be correlation with immune balance in kidney transplantation recipients.