Amyloid beta-Peptides ; analysis ; Animals ; Frontal Lobe ; drug effects ; physiology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sodium Azide ; pharmacology ; Space Perception

Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; Diverticulum ; complications ; Hematoma ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Purpose To explore the clinicopathologic characteristics, pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of extraskeletal myxiod chondrosarcoma. Methods The clinical and pathological features were studied with HE and immunohistochemical staining in 5 cases of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, and the related literatures were also reviewed. Results Extraskeletal myxoid chondro-sarcoma was male predominance (4 males: 1 female), and the age ranged from 32 to 62 years with an average of 52 years. Four tumors occurred in thigh and another in chest. Histologically, the neophlasm were composed of round and oval cells. Immunohisto-chemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin in five cases, synaptophysin expressed in one case, S-100 showed focal positivity in two cases, but negative for CK, p63, EMA, CD34, SMA in all cases. Molecular genetics detection shows chromosome exchange be-tween number 9 and 22. Conclusion Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare tumor which has no special characteristics in clinical and iconography, and its diagnosis mainly depends on the histopathologic features, immunohistochemistry and molecular genet-ics. Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma grows slowly, but have a high tendency for local recurrence and metastases.

Objective To examine the role of noggin on the expression of nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the hippocampus of adult rats. Methods Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) technique was employed to inhibit endogenous noggin expression and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Nestin and GFAP in the hippocampus of adult rats. Results It was observed that the number of nestin and GFAP immunoreactive cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus was increased in adult rats treated with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to noggin. Moreover, the number of GFAP immunoreactive cells was increased in the subventricular zone of the rats treated with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to noggin. Conclusion The results in the present study indicates that noggin may play a role in the differentiation of neural stem cells in the adult hippocampus, and it promotes the differentiation of neural stem cells in the DG to neuronal fate.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on posterior circulation ischemia between acupuncture at stellate ganglion and conventional acupuncture as well as the impacts on blood pressure.

METHODSEighty cases of posterior circulation ischemia were randomized into an observation group (40 cases) and a control group (40 cases). In the observation group, acupuncture was applied to the bilateral stellate ganglions on the neck, stimulated with reinforcing technique by rotating the needles. In the control group, the acupuncture of reducing technique was applied to Fengchi (GB 20), Baihui (GV 20), Neiguan (PC 6) and Taichong (LR 3) in the excess syndrome. The even needling or reinforcing technique was applied to Fengchi (GB 20), Baihui (GV 20), Ganshu (BL 18), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36) for the deficiency syndrome. The treatment was given once every 3 days and 4 treatments were required totally in the two groups. The changes in total syndrome score, peak Systolic blood flow velocity (Vp) of vertebral artery and basilar artery, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were compared before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total syndrome score was reduced apparently after treatment compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01), and the reducing was more obvious in the observation group as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.01). The total effective rate was 87.5% (35/40) in the observation group, higher than 67.5% (27/40, P < 0.05) in the control group. After treatment, the reduced Vp of vertebral artery was not improved apparently as compared with that before treatment in the control group, Vp in blood velocity abnormality (including vascular spasm, stenosis or reduced velocity) of vertebral artery and basilar artery was all improved as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01), and the improvements in the observation group were more obvious than those in the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the systolic and diastolic pressures were reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups, and the reduced systolic and diastolic pressures in the observation group were more apparent than those in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at stellate ganglion achieves the satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of posterior circulation ischemia and the significant efficacy of reducing blood pressure, more advanced than the conventional acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Infarction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stellate Ganglion ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome

Racemic (±)-F18 (10-chloromethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo-calanolide A), an analog of nature product (+)-calanolide A, is a new anti-HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcript inhibitor (NNRTI). A successful enantioseparation of (±)-F18 offering (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 was achieved by a chiral stationary phase prepared HPLC. Their absolute configurations were determined by measurement of their electronic circular dichroisms combined with modem quantum-chemical calculations. Further investigation revealed that (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 shared a similar anti-HIV activities, however, (R)-F18 was more potent than (S)-F18 against wild-type virus, K101E mutation and P225H mutation pseudoviruses.
Anti-HIV Agents ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Pyranocoumarins ; chemistry

Background Chemical crosslinking agent can be used to strengthen the intensity of sclera tissue,but the intensity of the sclera may be influenced by different crosslinking methods.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of collagen crosslinking on porcine sclera between whole-eye crosslinking method and scleral strip crosslinking method.Methods Whole-eye crosslinking or sclera strip crosslinking was performed on 70 fresh porcine eyeballs in five groups using 1％ genipin,1％ glutaraldehyde or PBS respectively for 40 minutes.After crosslinking,10 sclera strips with l0 mm×4 mm from the temporal lateral were prepared in every group for the stress-strain measurement using a Instron5848 microtester,and the other 4 scleral strips in each group were extracted for the thermal shrinkage temperature test.Results Biomechanical property test reveled that the elastic modulus value of sclera strips reduced by 70.0％-82.8％ in the whole-eye crosslinking method group compared with scleral stip crosslinking method group after treated with 1％ genipin ((8.98 ± 1.81) MPa vs.(10.85 ± 1.83) MPa,t =3.375,P =0.003)) and 1％ glutaraldehyde((12.78 ±2.91) MPa vs.(18.25 ±5.16) MPa,t =4.007,P =0.001)) ;The tensile stress of whole-eye crosslinking method group was 54.9％-90.1％ of scleral stips method group,showing significant decline after corsslinked of whole-eye in 5％,10％,15％ and 20％ strain conditions (all P ＜ 0.05).Thermomechanics test showed that the thermal shrinkage temperature was lower in the whole-eye crosslinking group compared with scleral stip crosslinking group after treated with both 1％ genipin ((68.8 ±0.9)℃ vs.(74.8± 1.3)℃,t=11.129,P=0.000)) and 1％ glutaraldehyde((73.3±0.9)℃ vs.(79.3±1.3)℃,t=11.112,P=0.000)).Conclusions Different crosslinking methods have an influence on the efficacy of collagen crosslinking on porcine sclera.Sclera strip crosslinking offers a better crosslinking intensity for selera.

AIM:To study the feasibility of recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV)as a vector to transfer the green fluorescent protein(GFP)gene as a target gene into rabbit retina.METHODS:Intravitreal injection of rAAV-gfp was performed in either eye for each rabbit with the other eye taken as control.At the 3rd,7th,and 14th day after injection,the eyeballs were removed,and the retinas were flat-mounted on glass slides to inspect the retinal fluorescence,respectively.RESULTS:After intravitreal injection of rAAV-gfp,the presence of fluorescent spots in the cytoplasm of retinal cells indicated that GFP gene was efficiently transferred and expressed in the rabbit retina.CONCLUSION:Recombinant adeno-associated virus is a reliable and simple vector for transferring target gene,e.g.,GFP gene,to the retina.

The clinical characteristics of patients who presented in poor clinical grade due to ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms (MCAAs) associated with large sylvian hematomas (SylH) were analyzed and an ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy was introduced. Twenty-eight patients were graded into Hunt-Hess grades IV-V and emergency standard micro-neurosurgeries (aneurysm clipping, hematoma evacuation and prophylactic hinged craniectomy) were performed, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. 46.43% of the patients reached encouraged favorable outcomes on discharge. The favorable outcome group and the poor outcome group significantly differed in terms of patients' anisocoria, Hunt-Hess grade before surgery, extent of the midline shift and time to the surgery after bleeding (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in age, sex, volume and location of the hematoma, size of aneurysm between the favorable and poor groups (P>0.05). However, ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy efficiently reduced the patients' intracranial pressure (ICP) after surgery. It was suggested that preoperative conditions such as Hunt-Hess grading, extent of the midline shift and the occurrence of cerebral hernia affect the prognosis of patients, but time to the surgery after bleeding and prophylactic hinged craniectomy are of significant importance for optimizing the prognosis of MCAA patients presenting with large SylH.

Abdominal Pain/etiology* ; Acute Disease ; Appendicitis/diagnosis* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Errors/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Insulin