Objective To investigate the relativity between c.553G/T polymorphism in exon 4 of Apolipoprotein A5 gene and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) in Zunyi Han Nationality. Methods c.553G/T polymorphism of 103 HTG patients and 165 healthy individuals were tested by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length (PCR-RFLP) assay. The distributions of genotypes and allele frequencies in HTG patients and healthy group were analyzed between Zunyi population and others. Results The genotype frequency of the Apo A5 gene c.553G/T showed statistical difference between patients group and normal groups (P < 0.05). The distribution of ApoA5 c.553T gene in HTG was higher than the normal group significantly (P < 0.05), and it had effect on triglyceridemia level independently (OR = 15.768, 95%CI: 5.916 ~ 42.025, P < 0.001). In the normal Han nationality groups, gene frequency of Zunyi was lower than that in Taiwan, Jiangsu and Hubei (P < 0.05), but similar to that in Hunan and Xinjiang (P > 0.05). In HTG groups, gene frequency of Zunyi was similar to that in Jiangsu (P>0.05), but higher than that in Xinjiang (P<0.05) and lower than that in Taiwan (P > 0.05). Conclusion There is relativity between Apo A5 gene c.553G/T polymorphisms and HTG in Zunyi Han nationality and the differences vary across different areas. It could be an independent risk factor for HTG.

Objective To investigate the surgical strategy of recurrent rectuvaginal fistula. Methods Retrospectivly analyzed the clinical data of 13 patients with recurrent rectovaginal fistula from December 2001 to December 2008. The etiopathogenisis and the ways of treatment were analyzed. Results All the 13 patients with a transverse colostomy surgical repaired with Mason operation in the secondary intention,and recepted closure of colostomy in the third intention for treatment, all patients were cured. No recurrent fistula was identified with postoperative follow-up 4 - 84 months. Conclusions After recurrent rectovaginal fistula with multiple surgical treatment,the blood supply of local tissue is poor,the scar is serious. Selecting the appropriate timing of operation, adequate preoperative preparation, the application of transverse colostomy and Mason operation in different period could significantly enhance the successful operation rate.

Translational medicine emerging as a new concept in medical field, concentrates on the integration of theory and practice , and the conjunction of basic medical science and clinical medicine. Barriers between the basic medicine and clinical medicine existing in medical education in China make students possess limited intelligence, narrow perspectives and low creativity etc., causing the medical teaching unable to conform to the demand of translational medicine. The article introduces the basic conception of translational medicine and the necessity of medical teaching reform, the meth-ods of promoting teaching reform by integrating the curriculum systems, bettering experimental teach-ing systems, strengthening humanities education, improving faculty construction and optimizing eval-uation system for students.

Pathological neural activity in subthalamic nucleus (STN) is closely related to the symptoms of Parkinson' s disease. Local field potentials (LFPs) recordings from subthalamic nucleus show that power spectral peaks exist at tremor, double tremor and tripble tremor frequencies, respectively. The interaction between these components in the multi-frequency tremor may be related to the generation of tremor. To study the linear and nonlinear relationship between those components, we analyzed STN LFPs from 9 Parkinson's disease patients using time frequency, cross correlation, Granger casuality and bi-spectral analysis. Results of the time-frequency analysis and cross-frequency correlation analysis demonstrated that the power density of those components significantly decreased as the alleviation of tremor and cross-correlation (0.18-0.50) exists during tremor period. Granger causality of the time-variant amplitude showed stronger contribution from tremor to double tremor components, and contributions from both tremor and double tremor components to triple tremor component. Quadratic phase couplings among these three components were detected by the bispectral approaches. The linear and nonlinear relationships existed among the multi-components and certainly confirmed that the dependence cross those frequencies and neurological mechanism of tremor involved complicate neural processes.
Action Potentials ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Parkinson Disease ; physiopathology ; Subthalamic Nucleus ; physiopathology ; Tremor ; physiopathology

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of tumor regression rate after induction chemotherapy for survival of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods:A total of 161 patients with stage Ⅲ-ⅣA nasopharyngeal carcinoma newly diagnosed at the Daping Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2009 to December 2012 were selected as the research subjects. The relationships between tumor size changes before and after induction chemotherapy and survival time were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve accompanied with log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the tumor regression rate of primary lesions between N 1and N 2-3( Z=2.177, P=0.029), T 1-2and T 3-4( Z=-4.501, P<0.001)patients after induction chemotherapy. In N 1stage patients, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=18) and those without objective response ( n=19) after induction chemotherapy were 88.89% and 57.45%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=19) and those without objective response ( n=18) were 86.72% and 49.10% respectively, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=6.023, P=0.014; χ2=7.441, P=0.006). In N 2-3stage patients, the 5-year OS rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=81) and those without objective response ( n=43) after induction chemotherapy were 77.56% and 50.70%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=85) and those without objective response ( n=39) were 75.11% and 52.04% respectively, with significant differences ( χ2=8.037, P=0.005; χ2=7.268, P=0.007). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that in patients with stage N 1, the tumor regression rate of primary lesions ( HR=0.048, 95% CI: 0.004-0.644, P=0.022), the efficacy of primary lesions ( HR=0.174, 95% CI: 0.037-0.830, P=0.028), the efficacy of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.154, 95% CI: 0.033-0.725, P=0.017) after induction chemotherapy were significantly associated with OS; in N 2-3stage patients, the tumor regression rate of primary lesions ( HR=0.178, 95% CI: 0.056-0.564, P=0.003), the tumor regression rate of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.081, 95% CI: 0.020-0.324, P<0.001), the efficacy of primary lesions ( HR=0.422, 95% CI: 0.228-0.781, P=0.006), the efficacy of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.439, 95% CI: 0.238-0.813, P=0.009) after induction chemotherapy were significantly associated with OS. In multivariate Cox regression including N stage and tumor regression rate, N stage and efficacy, the interaction items were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). In T 1-2stage patients, the 5-year OS rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=45) and those without objective response ( n=13) after induction chemotherapy were 77.55% and 84.62%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=43) and those without objective response ( n=15) were 78.89% and 80.00% respectively, with no significant differences ( χ2=0.239, P=0.625; χ2=0.005, P=0.943); in T 3-4stage patients, the 5-year OS rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=54) and those without objective response ( n=49) after induction chemotherapy were 78.90% and 45.00%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=61) and those without objective response ( n=42) were 75.10% and 42.89% respectively, with significant differences ( χ2=13.615, P<0.001; χ2=12.752, P<0.001). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that in patients with stage T 1-2, the tumor regression rate, the efficacy of primary lesions and cervical lymph node metastatic lesions after induction chemotherapy were not related to OS (all P>0.05); in T 3-4stage patients, the tumor regression rate of primary lesions ( HR=0.121, 95% CI: 0.033-0.444, P=0.001), the tumor regression rate of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.126, 95% CI: 0.036-0.442, P=0.001), the efficacy of primary lesions ( HR=0.297, 95% CI: 0.150-0.588, P<0.001), the efficacy of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.329, 95% CI: 0.173-0.625, P=0.001) after induction chemotherapy were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the interaction test of T stage and the efficacy of primary lesion trended to be statistically significant ( P=0.062). Conclusion:In patients with stage Ⅲ-ⅣA nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the responsiveness to induction chemotherapy in stage T 3-4patients has important value in predicting survival prognosis.

Nowadays the role of genetic findings in determining the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has become more valuable. To improve and validate the detection of clonal chromosomal aberrations in leukemia, we designed a combined application of karyotyping with multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and addressed the expression and distribution of fusion genes among the subtypes of Chinese adult patients with de novo AML. Multiplex RT-PCR assays were performed on 477 samples from newly diagnosed AML patients, and cytogenetic data were obtained from 373 of them by R or G banding techniques and those in some cases were confirmed by FISH. The PCR products in some suspected cases were tested by two-directional sequencing. The results showed that except unqualified samples, fusion genes were detected by multiplex RT-PCR in 211 of 474 patients (44.51%), including AML1-ETO, CBFβ-MYH11, PML-RARα, PLZF-RARα, NPM-RARα, MLL rearrangements, BCR-ABL, DEK-CAN, SET-CAN, TEL-PDGFR, TLS-ERG, AML1-MDS1 (EVI-1). In 373 patients, who took both multiplex RT-PCR and karyotype analysis, the detection rate of chromosomal aberrations by using multiplex RT-PCR and karyotyping was 160/373 (42.89%) and 179/373 (47.98%) respectively, and the combination could optimize the detection rate of clonal genetic abnormalities to 216/373 (57.90%). The PCR results from 11 cases "normal" in karyotyping but abnormal in RT-PCR for MLL rearrangements were confirmed by two-directional sequencing. It is concluded that karyotype studies remain the cornerstone for genetic testing; conventional cytogenetics and molecular-based methods are complementary tests for the detection of clonal genetic aberrations in AML, especially for the cryptic or submicroscopic aberrations. Once a genetic marker has been identified by combined analysis, it could be used to monitor residual disease during/after chemotherapy, by quantitative RT-PCR and/or FISH.

0.05). Conclusions Biofeedback and pelvic electric stimulation could be used to treat stress incontinence. Menopause status,BMI and severity of stress incontinence can not obvious affect the outcomes of biofeedback and pelvic electric stimulation.

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and change in antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobact-er baumannii (A.baumannii)from a hospital between 2011 and 2013,so as to provide guidance for clinical treat-ment.Methods Sources and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of A.baumannii from a hospital were ana-lyzed statistically.Results A total of 14 705 bacterial isolates were isolated in 2011 —2013,13.59%(n=1 999)of which were A.baumannii isolates,the percentage of A.baumannii in isolated pathogens in 3 years was 12.74%, 13.05%,and 14.85% respectively,which showed a rising trend (χ2 =9.458,P =0.002).The main specimen was sputum (n = 1 541 ,77.09%),bacteria were mainly isolated from patients in respiratory disease department (21 .71 %),surgical intensive care unit (16.26%),and emergency intensive care unit (8.26%).Antimicrobial re-sistance rates of A.baumannii increased year by year(all P <0.05);multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resist-ant A.baumannii also increased year by year (all P <0.001).Conclusion Isolation rate and antimicrobial resistance rate of A.baumannii strains increase year by year,multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant A.baumannii strains are obvious,which should be paid more attention in clinical department.

This paper was aimed to study the human plasma protein binding rate of diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection.The equilibrium dialysis was used to determine the human plasma protein binding rate of ginkgolide A (GA),ginkgolide B (GB) and ginkgolide K (GK) in diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection.The LC-MS/MS method was used for the content determination of ginkgolides.And then,the plasma protein binding rate was calculated.The results showed that there was no interference from other ingredients for the determination of ginkgolides.The calibration curve of the analytes was in good linearity in certain range of contents.The precision and stability of the analytes met the methodology requirements.After 8 h incubation,the human plasma protein binding rate of GA,GB and GK achieved balance.The human plasma protein binding rate of GA (0.34,1.70 and 8.51μg·mL-1) was 84.03%-88.11%; the human plasma protein binding rate of GB (0.62,3.09 and 15.5μg·mL-1) was 41.21%-53.56%; the human plasma protein binding rate of GK (0.04,0.20 and 1.01μg·mL-1) was 45.24%-59.59%.It was concluded that the method was simple,rapid and sensitive,which met the analysis requirement for biological samples.GA had a high plasma protein binding rate; GB and GK had medium plasma protein binding rate.

Objective To investigate the effect of aloe polysaccharides (AP) pre-emptive treatment on the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB),ntercellulor adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and cell apoptosis in hippocampal brain tissue in rats with severely hemorrhagic shock for the first time of entering high altitude.Methods Forty healthy male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly (random number) divided into 5 groups (n =8 each):sham group,shock group and AP group which was further divided into 3 subgroups as per different dosages of AP administered (AP1:0.75 mg/kg; AP2:1.50 mg/kg; AP3:3.00 mg/kg).Rats in sham group were treated with surgical procedure without exsanguination.Rats in shock group were exsanguinated until hemorrhagic shock emerged without resuscitation.Rats in AP subgroups were intravenously infused with given doses of AP in different AP subgroups at 30 min before hemorrhagic shock.MAP was dropped to (35 ±5) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) in 15 min by bleeding from femoral artery,the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was maintained at (35 ±5) mmHg for 60 min with bleeding or re-transfusing.At 3 h after resuscitation,rats were sacrificed immediately by bleeding,and the hippocampus of brain was harvested on the ice.The expressions of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the hippocampus of rats were determined by immuno-histochemical method,and number of cell apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats was determined by TUNEL.The means were compared with analysis of variance and Student-NewmanKeuls test,and statistical significance was established at a P value of less than 0.05.Results Compared with sham group,the expressions of NF-κB (5.03 ±0.42),ICAM-1 (4.14 ±0.29) and number of cell apoptosis (44.3 ± 7.2) in hippocampal tissue were significantly increased in shock group (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in these three variables between shock group and AP1 group.Compared with shock group,the expressions of NF-κB (3.12 ±0.34),ICAM-1 (2.93 ±0.21) and number of cell apoptosis (24.8 ± 3.6) in hippocampal tissue were significantly decreased in AP2 group (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in these three variables between AP2 and AP3 groups.Conclusion AP pre-emptive treatment can significantly attenuate the expressions of NF-κB,ICAM-1 and number of cell apoptosis in hippocampal tissue in hemorrhagic shock rats.