Aneuploidy ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; genetics ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; immunology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; immunology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; analysis ; genetics

Pesticides, especially chemistry pesticides with high toxicity, high residue, and difficult degradation are a kind of important environment pollutants and pesticide degradation by microorganisms is one of the powerful means to treat pesticide pollution. Many researchers conducted lots of studies on it. Types of pesticide degraders, construction of genetically engineered microorganisms, degrading mechanisms, degradation characteristics, influencing factors, applying effect and so on were summarized in this article. The research trend of degradation of pesticides by microorganisms and problems to be solved were also put forward.

A turbid solution was formed through the reaction between ?-PGA and cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC) and the turibidity was measured by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy at 680nm.The linearity between the concentration of ?-PGA and its absorbance,the stability,repeatability and recovery of the method were studied.Through the reaction of ?-PGA with CPC,a homogeneous turbid solution was formed.The turbid solution was stable in 3h under proper pH value and ion strength,the absorbance of the solution at 680nm had a good linear relationshi Pwith the concentration of ?-PGA in the range 12.5~50?g/ml(R2=0.9939).The recovery was within the range of 86%~99.75%(n=5).The relative standard division of the method for determining ?-PGA at the concentrations of 5,10 and 40?g/ml were 0.14%,0.23%和0.025% repeatability.The turbidmetric method has advantages of convenience,simplicity and good repeatability and can be used to control the quality of ?-PGA and its products.

To adapt to the need of current public heath reform and education reform ,the aim of this study is to explore and improve practical teaching mode in preventative medicine for students in specialty of clinical medicine and set up normalized practical teaching base to enhance their concept of preventative medicine and enlarge their knowledge and increase their practical ability and social adoption.

Oocytes are the germ cells of female animals, which determine the reproductive ability of female animals. A large amount of lipids are present in oocytes, which are found in lipid droplets mostly in the form of triglycerides. The size, color and distribution pattern of lipid droplets are associated with the developmental ability of oocytes. Triglycerides could be lipolyzed into fatty acids in oocytes. The fatty acid β-oxidation is an important energy source for the development of oocytes and early embryos. However, excessive lipid deposition would increase levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the dysfunction of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, eventually impairing the subsequent oocyte development. By summarizing the positive and negative effects of lipids on oocyte development, this review shows the dual roles of lipids in oocyte development, and discusses the effects of lipids on oocyte development.

Objective:To study the effect of sublingual immunotherapy on children with mite allergic rhinitis.Methods:Four hundred and ninety patients with mite allergic rhinitis have been recruited by Beijing Children′s Hospital from March 2014 to September 2019 and divided into 4 groups of young children group, different treatment duration group, individualized dose adjustment group and multiple allergy evaluation group, the clinical scores of total nasal symptoms score (TNSS), visual analogue scale scores (VAS) and total medication score were recorded at the first visit, 12 months, 24 months and 36 months after treatment, and the combined symptom and medication score(CSMS) score was calculated.Results:A total of 374 patients (76.32%) completed this study.Among them, the CSMS(2.20±1.61, 2.50±1.78), TNSS(2.80±2.32, 3.60±2.71) and VAS(3.50±1.16, 3.90±1.43) in ≤3-year-old group and children over 3-year-old group of young children set after use of 12 months were significantly lower than the score at the first time of diagnosis (respectively CSMS: 4.50±1.44, 5.30±1.32; TNSS: 6.20±1.89, 7.50±2.19; VAS: 5.40±2.33, 5.90±1.61). In addition, in the duration and efficacy set, the patients who completed the immunotherapy for 36 months can only be observed in the 3-year group, the scores were TNSS(0.90±0.97), VAS (1.30±1.19), CSMS (1.70±1.28); the scores of patients who completed the immunotherapy for 24 months in 2-year group and 3-year group were TNSS (2.10±0.95, 2.00±0.97), VAS (3.00±1.56, 3.10±1.68) and CSMS (3.10±1.15, 2.90±1.19) and the patients who completed 12-month immunotherapy were scored in 1-year group, 2-year group and 3-year group with TNSS(3.20±1.27, 3.10±1.41, 3.20±1.41), VAS(4.50±2.11, 4.70± 2.19, 4.50±2.17) and CSMS(4.20±1.39, 3.70±1.32, 4.10±1.39) respectively; patients with poor efficacy in sublingual immunotherapy achieved a score similar to the control group after 6 months of dose adjustment (equals to 12 months after treatment), that were CSMS(2.90±1.56, 2.90±1.88, 2.40±1.69), TNSS(4.70±2.98, 3.90±2.77, 3.80±2.45) and VAS(4.20±1.29, 4.50±1.65, 4.20±1.14) of 4 drops group, 5 drops group and control group; sublingual immunotherapy for patients with multiple allergens for 2 years finally achieved similar efficacy to patients with single allergen, with CSMS (2.30±0.50, 2.10±1.01, 1.90±1.01), TNSS (3.50±2.62, 3.70±2.62, 3.20±2.82) and VAS (4.50±1.00, 4.10±1.57, 3.80±1.54) in single allergen group, combined with 1-2 allergens group and combined with 3+ allergens group.Conclusions:Sublingual immunotherapy plays a corresponding role in the treatment of low-age children, multiple allergy children, and some children get better after dose adjustment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of operation on aged women with breast cancer. Methods The clinical data of the 166 patients recruited from 1989 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Results One hundred and sixty six patients were all treated by operation. The modified radical mastectomy was performed in 98 cases(59.0%), radical masteetomy in 21 cases(12.7%), mastectomy in 29 cases (17.5%), palliative operation in 18 cases (10.8%). After operation, one hundred and twenty six patients received chemotherapy, twelve radiotherapy and 73 endocrine therapy. The rates of postoperative complications were 10.8%, no patients died during operation. The overall postoperative 3-and 5-year survival rates were 82.2% and 65.2% respectively. Conclusions The effect of surgical treatment and its combination with other adjunct therapies is satisfactory for aged women with breast cancer. Different types of operations should be performed for different patients. Ageing is not a contraindication of the operation. Surgery should be combined with medical therapy to reduce the concomitant diseases and postoperative complications.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of tumor regression rate after induction chemotherapy for survival of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods:A total of 161 patients with stage Ⅲ-ⅣA nasopharyngeal carcinoma newly diagnosed at the Daping Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2009 to December 2012 were selected as the research subjects. The relationships between tumor size changes before and after induction chemotherapy and survival time were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve accompanied with log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the tumor regression rate of primary lesions between N 1and N 2-3( Z=2.177, P=0.029), T 1-2and T 3-4( Z=-4.501, P<0.001)patients after induction chemotherapy. In N 1stage patients, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=18) and those without objective response ( n=19) after induction chemotherapy were 88.89% and 57.45%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=19) and those without objective response ( n=18) were 86.72% and 49.10% respectively, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=6.023, P=0.014; χ2=7.441, P=0.006). In N 2-3stage patients, the 5-year OS rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=81) and those without objective response ( n=43) after induction chemotherapy were 77.56% and 50.70%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=85) and those without objective response ( n=39) were 75.11% and 52.04% respectively, with significant differences ( χ2=8.037, P=0.005; χ2=7.268, P=0.007). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that in patients with stage N 1, the tumor regression rate of primary lesions ( HR=0.048, 95% CI: 0.004-0.644, P=0.022), the efficacy of primary lesions ( HR=0.174, 95% CI: 0.037-0.830, P=0.028), the efficacy of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.154, 95% CI: 0.033-0.725, P=0.017) after induction chemotherapy were significantly associated with OS; in N 2-3stage patients, the tumor regression rate of primary lesions ( HR=0.178, 95% CI: 0.056-0.564, P=0.003), the tumor regression rate of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.081, 95% CI: 0.020-0.324, P<0.001), the efficacy of primary lesions ( HR=0.422, 95% CI: 0.228-0.781, P=0.006), the efficacy of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.439, 95% CI: 0.238-0.813, P=0.009) after induction chemotherapy were significantly associated with OS. In multivariate Cox regression including N stage and tumor regression rate, N stage and efficacy, the interaction items were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). In T 1-2stage patients, the 5-year OS rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=45) and those without objective response ( n=13) after induction chemotherapy were 77.55% and 84.62%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=43) and those without objective response ( n=15) were 78.89% and 80.00% respectively, with no significant differences ( χ2=0.239, P=0.625; χ2=0.005, P=0.943); in T 3-4stage patients, the 5-year OS rates of patients with primary lesions achieving objective response ( n=54) and those without objective response ( n=49) after induction chemotherapy were 78.90% and 45.00%, and patients with cervical lymph node metastatic lesions achieving objective response ( n=61) and those without objective response ( n=42) were 75.10% and 42.89% respectively, with significant differences ( χ2=13.615, P<0.001; χ2=12.752, P<0.001). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that in patients with stage T 1-2, the tumor regression rate, the efficacy of primary lesions and cervical lymph node metastatic lesions after induction chemotherapy were not related to OS (all P>0.05); in T 3-4stage patients, the tumor regression rate of primary lesions ( HR=0.121, 95% CI: 0.033-0.444, P=0.001), the tumor regression rate of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.126, 95% CI: 0.036-0.442, P=0.001), the efficacy of primary lesions ( HR=0.297, 95% CI: 0.150-0.588, P<0.001), the efficacy of cervical lymph node metastatic lesions ( HR=0.329, 95% CI: 0.173-0.625, P=0.001) after induction chemotherapy were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the interaction test of T stage and the efficacy of primary lesion trended to be statistically significant ( P=0.062). Conclusion:In patients with stage Ⅲ-ⅣA nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the responsiveness to induction chemotherapy in stage T 3-4patients has important value in predicting survival prognosis.

Objective:It has been demonstrated that anesthetics exposure may lead to neurocognitive impairment in developing brain of animal models.However,for the limitation that the animal models can-not fully mimic the dose and duration in clinical settings especially for dental general anesthesia,the cli-nical significance of anesthetics exposure on developing central nervous system remains undetermined. Therefore,we conducted the current study in order to observe the fluctuation of intelligence quotient (IQ)after the administration of dental general anesthesia comparing to that before surgery.We conducted the current study in order to observe the fluctuation of intelligence quotient (IQ)after the administration of dental general anesthesia compared with that before surgery.Methods:Thirty two patients,ASA Ⅰ, who were exposed to dental general anesthesia in Department of Pediatric Dentistry Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology,aged 4 to 6.5 years,were enrolled in this prospective study.Patients with severe learning difficulties or communication disorders were excluded.Written and informed consent was obtained from each patients’family which was fully explained of the purpose and method of study. Their intelligence quotients were evaluated with the Chinese Wechsler young children scale of intelligence (Urban version)before and 2 weeks after dental anesthesia.They were treated by experienced pediatric dentists and the sevoflurane,propofol and nitrous oxide were used for general anesthesia by anesthetist. Articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injections were used for their pulp treatment or extrac-tion.The examiners and scorers for IQ had technical training in the test administration.All the patients were tested by the same examiner and with standardized guide language.Each subtest was scored accor-ding to the tool review.Verbal IQ and performance IQ consisted of relevant 5 subtests and full scale IQ. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS 18.0.All the scores of subtests and 3 types of IQ were ex-pressed as x-±s.Paired two-tailed t test was applied and P<0.05 was accepted as statistically signifi-
cant.Results:The results of intelligent assessment from 28 subjects were collected.The anesthetic time was (163.4 ±32.6)min and the number of treated teeth was 12.1 ±2.3,mean age (4.60 ±0.41 ) years;age range=4.04 to 5.44 years.Among the patients,there were 13 girls and 15 boys.There was no significant difference in gender distribution.The postoperative full IQ (128.46 ±10.85 )was higher than that before surgery (124.64 ±11.46,P=0.017).We found that the elevation of performance IQ, to a large extent,contributed to this change in full IQ (P=0.007).Correspondingly,there was no sta-tistical difference in the verbal IQ,which was 119.68 ±11.74 to 120.21 ±15.61 (P=0.854).Con-clusion:Dental general anesthesia has no negative effect on the intelligence of preschool children,who were treated under general anesthesia by sevoflurane,propofol and nitrous oxide for 2 to 4 hours.The full IQ and performance IQ were slightly enhanced after treatment which can be explained by the memory effect.

Objective To explore the impact of breast conservation surgery and modified radical mastectomy combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy respectively on the living quality and sexual life for patients with early-stage breast cancer.Methods From January 2011 to December 2016, 89 patients with breast cancer were admitted and divided into two groups according to different surgical methods.Patients in the conservation group (n=24) received breast conservation surgery combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy, while patients in the modified radical group (n=65) received breast radical surgery combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy.The quality of life and sexual satisfaction of patients were measured by questionnaire investigation.And the data were calculated by SPSS 16.0.Results Different surgical methods combined with radiotherapy affectted the score of living quality a lot.The average score was (87.500±7.940) points in the conservation group, while it was (65.350±8.490) points in the modified radical group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).At the same time,the degree of self acceptance and sexual satisfaction in the conservation group after surgery was better than that in the modified radical group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Breast conservation surgery combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy for breast cancer patients could receive better quality of life and sexual satisfaction compared with modified radical mastectomy combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy.