Objective To evaluate the effects of rebuilding stove and health education on preventing coal-burning fluorosis and arsenic poisoning in Shaanxi in 2005.Methods According to "Scheme of Impmving Stove in Preventing Coal-burning Fluorosis and Arsenic Poisoning of Shaanxi in 2005",the initial meeting was convened,while liability contracts were signed,leading and technical guiding groups were established,professional training was carried out.On the basis of the epidemiologic data,stoves were improved in 7 chosen counties in Ankang and Hanzhong City where the health education in several modalities was carried out.The project was checked and accepted when the work was completed.Thirty children in fourth grade were randomly selected in one primary school of each county.Fifleen adults aged 16 years old were chosen randomly in each village in each country.They were asked to answer the questionnaire about the health knowledge.Results There were 955 322 stoves improved in 7 countries in Ankang and Hanzhong City accounting for rebuilding stove was 100%(95 322/95 314).The awareness rates of health knowledge were 88%(444/508)in the adults and 100%(210/210)in children.Conclusions The government mangement leadership,the cooperation between the related departments, the participation of residents and the assufance of fund are the essentials in long lasting control of endemic diseases.

Adolescent ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sotalol ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the CT findings of endobronchial spread in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods The CT findings of 15 lung adenocarcinomas or bronchioloalveolar carcinomas with endobronchial spread were reviewed,the distribution and the progression of the spread were evaluated.Results All of the primary tumors were consolidation form.The spread lesions distributed in one side of the lung or both sides along the bronchus.The pleural surface was spared.The CT findings of the spread included centrilobular nodules(n=5),tree-in-bud(n=7),acinar nodules(n=2),ground-glass opacities(n=10)and air- space consolidations(n=13)in the first CT examination.5 cases of the spread lesions only presented centrilobular nodules(single form)and 10 cases presented several appearances(complex form).All of the cases were diagnosed as tuberculosis or pneumonia,and antituberculotic or antibiotic therapy was taken with no effect.The follow-up CT scans showed progression in all cases,and the spread lesions with single form became multiple consolidations.The spread lesions with complex form deteriorated faster than the single one. Conclusion Although the CT findings of the endobronchial spread of the lung adenocarcinoma is specific, the clinical history and laboratory examination also are important for the differential diagnosis with tuberculosis and other infectious diseases.

Objective To summarize the technique and managements of complications in endovascular embolization on intracranial aneurysm with Guglielmi detachable coils(GDC),and to evaluate the effect of the treatment.Methods One hundred and thirty six cases with Aneurizym were treated using GDC to embolize the aneurismal sac via femoral artery approach.Results One hundred and thirty six aneurysms were cured.Of them 132 cases recovered clinically,4 patients died.The mortality was 2.9%. The sac of 123 aneurysms were embolizied at 100%,8 cases with 95% embolization,5 with 90% embolization.3 aneurysms reptured during the embolization,cerebral vasospasm happened in 7 eases. microcoil escaped in 2 case.Three recurring cases were cured after second GDC embolization.The technique-related complications occured in 13 cases.No re-bleeding occurred during the 6 to 54-month follow-up.Conclusion Endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysm with coils is a safe and effective treatment for intracranial aneurysm.Advances in Techniques and treating the complications correctly would decrease the complications and improve future outcomes.

AIM: To test the ability of multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) in the detecting of glaucoma by comparing the mfVEP recorded from normal subjects and glaucoma patients.METHODS: The mfVEP of 32 normal eyes (n =21) and of 58 eyes (n =37) with primary glaucoma were recorded with the Vision Monitor electrophysical apparatus by the second kernel analysis and to determine the correlation of the topographic location between them.RESULTS: There were significant variability (the coefficient of variation was 43.05%) in mfVEP RMS amplitude in the normal subjects; The RMS amplitude of eyes with glaucoma were smaller than that of the normal eyes and significantly statistical difference were found in the relatively center (namely the 0° -10° ring zone) and in superior nasal quadrant (P＜0.05) while there were no significantly statistical differences of the latency time between them.CONCLUSION: The normal subjects have large individual variability of mfVEP responses. The RMS amplitude of the mfVEP of glaucomatous eyes descends, especially in center zone and superior nasal quadrant.

AIMTo determine the involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway in the expression of endothelin receptor type B (ETB) during culture.

METHODSSB386023, a specific inhibitor for ERK1/2 pathway, was used to define the intracellular signaling pathway for the upregulation of ETB receptors and sarafotoxin 6c (S6c), a selective agonist for ETB receptors, induced contraction in isolated rat superior mesenteric arteries. The contraction was recorded by a sensitive in vitro myograph and the receptor mRNA was quantified by a real-time PCR. The phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins were analyzed by phosphoELISA assay.

RESULTSS6c induced strong contractile responses of the artery after culture for 24 h, while there was no response to S6c in fresh vessel segments. The enhanced contractile response to S6c paralleled with an increase of mRNA for ETB receptors. The phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins significantly increased after culture for 3 h. After co-culture with SB386023 for 24 h, S6c-induced contractions significantly decreased with reduction of Emax from (217 +/- 14) % to (127 +/- 23) % (P <0.01). This response paralleled with a decreased level of ETB receptor mRNA.

CONCLUSIONERK1/2 pathway was involved in the up-regulation of ETB receptors on smooth muscle cells isolated from rat mesenteric arteries during culture.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Mesenteric Arteries ; cytology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Endothelin B ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; pharmacology ; Viper Venoms ; pharmacology

Objective To analyze the relevance between blood lactic acid level and acutephysiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ ) score in order to provide guideline for clinical treatment.Methods Retrospective analyses on 537 critically ill elderly patients who were hospitalized in the ICU with their blood lactic acid level tested and APACHE Ⅱ scores calculated.Results The overall death rate was 35.75％ (192/537) with the APACHE Ⅱ score as (22.6 ± 12.8),and blood lactic acid level as (6.84 ± 2.01 ) mmol/L.The blood lactic acid level among deaths was obviously higher than in the control group,with significant differences (P＜0.05).The level of blood lactic acid was positively related to APACHE Ⅱ score (r=0.572,P＜0.05) while the death rate was both positively related to APACHE Ⅱ score (r=0.475,P＜0.05) and the level of blood lactic acid (r=0.506,P＜0.05).Conclusion There seemed a positive correlation between blood lactic acid level and the APACHE Ⅱscore.Both of them showed good relevancc with thc prognosis of the disease.

In order to increase the SNR of the prostate image, we have designed a RF endorectal coil. Its properties have been evaluated using a network analyzer. Moreover the images got with a special phantom show that the coil has much higher SNR at the region of interest (ROI).
Algorithms ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Male ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Prostate ; anatomy & histology ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Objective To investigate the feasibility and effect of frontolateral approach in microsurgical treatment of sellar region lesions. Methods Twenty-eighty patients with sellar region lesions,admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to December 2011,were treated with microsurgery via frontolateral approach; a retrospective analysis of their clinical data was conducted. In these 28 patients,8 had meningiomas ofsellar tuberculum and anterior clinoidal process,5 pituitary tumors,3 craniopharyngiomas, 1 cholesteatoma, 6 anterior communicafing artery aneurysms and 5 posterior communicating artery aneurysms. Results The total removal was achieved in 12 of the 17 patients with sellar region tumors,and subtotal removal in 5.Six patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysm and 5 with posterior communicating artery aneurysm were successfully clipped.No death or severely disabled case were noted. Conclusion The microsurgery via frontolateral approach can fully expose the sellar region lesions and proper treatment can be given, which is minimally invasive and enjoys satisfactory result.