Objective:To analyze the clinical materials of the patient with Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome (VWGS),and to explore the pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment method.Methods:The clinical data of a patient with VWGS was analyzed retrospectively.Results:The patient presented autoimmune thyroiditis, sever long-standing hypothyroidism, bilateral ovarian cysts, hyperprolactinaemia and a secondary pituitary adenoma. After thyroxine replacement treatment, the thyroid function and prolactin (PRL)level recovered to the normal levels and the ovarian cyst was shrunk within 1 month. Conclusion:The clinical manifestation of VWGS is special.And it’s easy to misdiagnose this syndrome as pituitary adenoma or ovary cyst and then operation is performed.Thyroid hormone replacement can completely resolve the symptoms and hormone abnormalities.Grasping the clinical characteristics of this syndrome and making correct diagnosis is critical to avoid unnecessary operation.

Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Seminoma ; pathology ; Testicular Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery

Adult ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Vessel Tumors ; pathology ; Mucocele ; pathology ; Parasitic Diseases ; pathology ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To understand the survival status and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) among drug users in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang from 2005 to 2019, so as to provide references for reducing AIDS mortality. Methods : The demographic information, clinical stage, baseline CD4+T lymphocyte ( CD4 ) level and treatment status of HIV/AIDS patients with HAART in Yili Prefecture from 2005 to 2019 were collected through AIDS Antiretroviral Therapy Information System. The survival rate was calculated by the life table method. The influencing factors for survival time were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: Totally 1 935 patients were recruited, the median age receiving HAART was 37 years old and the median CD4 counts was 293/μL. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 5, 7 and 10 years were 97%, 78%, 73%, and 66%, respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the patients with body mass index of 18.5-<28.0 kg/m2 ( HR: 0.391-0.656, 95%CI: 0.234-0.958 ), baseline CD4>200/μL ( HR: 0.354-0.667, 95%CI: 0.232-0.841 ) , or missed medication in the last 7 days ( HR=0.009, 95%CI: 0.001-0.061 ) had lower risk of death; the patients with WHO clinical stage of Ⅱ-Ⅳ ( HR: 1.479-2.311, 95%CI: 1.004-3.288 ) or treatment delay ≥1 years ( HR: 1.287-1.388, 95%CI: 1.029-1.826 ) had higher risk of death. Conclusions The 5-year cumulative survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients with HAART in Yili Prefecture is 78%. Body mass index, baseline CD4 level, WHO clinical stage, treatment delay and missed medication in last 7 days were the influencing factors for survival time.

Background Studies determined that rapamycin has not only the antibiosis but also suppressing the auto-immunology.The treating effect of rapamycin on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) is still concerned.Objective This work was to investigate the therapeutic effect of rapamycin on EAU and study the effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokines which were secreted by T lymphocyte subgroup in EAU.Methods EAU was induced in 20 SPF male Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) R16 peptide emulsified in adjuvant.The rats were randomized into model control group and rapamycin injection group and 10 rats for each group.The rapamycin of 0.2 mg/( kg · d) 0.4 ml was intraperitoneally injected for the consecutive 7 days immediately after modeling,and the equal volume of normal saline solution was used at the same fashion in the model control group and 5 normal matched rats( normal control group).The ocular manifestation of the rats were examined under the slit lamp regularly.The retinal sections of the rats were prepared in the 14 days after modeling for the histopathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining.The ocular signs of inflammation and histopathological severity were scored based on the criteria of Caspi.Expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in rat retinas were detected by immunohistochemistry.This experiment followed the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by Tianjin Municipal Government.Results The scores of ocular signs elevated gradually from 6 through 12 days after modeling and slowly declined after that in the model control group.A same tendency was seen in the rapamycin injection group.The significant differences were seen in the scores of ocular signs between the two groups from 6 to 14 days( P＜0.01 ).The disorder of retinal structure and infiltration of inflammatory cells were seen in the model control group,but the retina layers were normal in the rapamycin injection group.The pathological score was evidently declined in the rapamycin injection group ( 0.90 ± 0.45 ) in comparison with model control group( 3.30±0.48 ) ( t =16.541,P＜0.01 ).The expressions of the IFN-γ and IL-17 in retina located in the outer nuclear layer,inner nuclear layer,internal plexiform layer and retinal ganglion cell layer with the weakened levels(A values) in rapamycin injection group compared with model control group,showing a considerably difference between them ( IFN-γ:21.16±4.23 vs 62.14 ±7.32; IL-17:49.86±6.59 vs 124.85 ±6.33 )(q=33.334,q=56.923,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions Rapamycin down-regulates the expressions of IFN-γ and IL-17 in retina and further eliminates the inflammatory response in the rat with EAU by the suppression of Th1 and Th17 cells function in EAU.

BackgroundStudies determined that Th17 cells are important inflammatory cell group in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis ( EAU ).Interleukin-17 ( IL-17 ),as a marker of Th17,is involved in the occurrence and development of EAU.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an immunomodulatory role,mainly by inhibiting the expression of Th17 in a variety of self-autoimmune disease.This is one of the current research focuses.ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of MSCs in EAU and their impact on IL-17 expression in the retina.MethodsMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of the femurs from 10 SPF Wistar rats and cultured and passaged.The third to fifth generations of cells were used in this experiment.EAU models were induced in 48 6-8 week-old SPF Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) R16 peptide emulsified in adjuvant.EAU rats were randomly assigned to the model control group and the MSCs group.MSCs suspension (5×106) of 1 ml was injected via the rat tail vein once a day for 3 consecutive days after immunization,and the same amount of PBS was injected in the model control group in the same manner.Six matched normal Lewis rats were used as the normal control group.The inflammatory response was clinically examined under the slit lamp biomicroscope daily,and the histopathological changes of the retina were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining on days 9,12,15 and 20.The clinical and histopathological scoring was performed according to the Caspi criteria.Expression of the IL-17 protein in the retina was detected by immunohistochemistry on 9,12,15 and 20days following molding.The use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by Tianjin Municipality Science and Technology Commission.Results MSCs showed the fusiform in shape and vortex-like growth.Flow cytometry verified that presented the positive expression for CD29 and CD44 but absent expression for CD45 and CD34.The scores of the anterior segment were significantly lower ( U=2.815,P =0.005 ; U =2.768,P =0.006 ; U =2.900,P =0.004 ; U =2.855,P =0.004 ),and the retinal inflammation scores were lower in the MSCs group than the model control group at various time points ( U =2.345,P =0.019 ; U =2.559,P =0.011 ; U =2.166,P =0.030 ; U =2.373,P =0.018 ).Im mnunochemistry showed that the expressions levels of the IL-17 protein (A value) in the rat retina were 26.47±5.68,77.78± 9.65,47.02±6.68 and 26.59±5.94 in the MSCs group on days 9,12,15 and 20,and those in the control group were 45.34±4.63,105.95± 10.74,64.11 ±9.76 and 37.02±6.51,showing a significant reduction ( t =6.305,P =0.000 ; t =4.799,P =0.001 ; t=3.540,P=0.005;t=2.900,P=0.016). ConclusionsMSCs can inhibit the aggravation of EAU and suppress the expression of IL-17 in ocular tissue.

Objective To explore the effects of forepaw sensorimotor deprivation in early life on hippocampus-dependent spatial reference learning and memory in rats. Methods Newborn SD rats were randomly assigned to experiment group (deprivation of forepaw sensorimotor function, n=53) and control group(n=55). Rats of postnatal day 13 (PN13) in experiment group were seleeted, and models of forepaw sensorimotor deprivation were established by microsurgical technique. Open field tests and Morris water maze tests were performed during the time periods of PN25(PN21-31), PN35 (PN31-39), PN45(PN41-50) and PN60(PN56-64) to evaluate the locomotor activity and spatial reference learning and memory, respectively. Results In open field tests, there was no significant difference in parameters of locomotor activity and exploratory behavior between the two groups (P>0.05). In Morris water maze tests, eontrol group performed significantly better than experiment group during training sessions and probe tests on PN25 and PN35 (P<0.05). While on PN45, although there was no significant difference between the two groups during training sessions, control group performed significantly better than experiment group during probe tests (P<0.05). Conclusion The deprivation of forepaw sensorimotor in early life has no signifieant effect on the locomotor activity and exploratory behavior of rats, but can impair the spatial reference learning and memory.

Orally disintegrating tablets (ODT), a kind of new solid tablet that rapidly disintegrates to work in the mouth, has became the hot form of new drug research in recent years with many advantages, such as the convenient taking, a widely applicable people, fast acting, high bioavailability, good compliance, and so on. ODT has been widely used in chemical medicines, while the application of it in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) is still in the stage of development The development of TCMs ODT provides a new direction for the research of Chinese medicine new dosage, accelerates the pace of connecting to the world and modernization of Chinese medicine. This dosage has a broad market prospect, and its quality control and assessment standards, taste, the disintegration time in vitro and evaluation method are the key factors that affect the industrialization, standardization of Chinese medicine ODT. Therefore, this paper reviewed the characteristics, preparation, taste masking technology and quality evaluation with new technology of ODT. Meantime, numerous application examples of ODT used in traditional Chinese medicine were described. We expect to provide the reference and utilization for the development of traditional Chinese medicine orally disinteeratine tablets.
Administration, Oral ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Solubility ; Tablets ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Taste

Isolated alkaloids from Coptis chinensis Franch. The compounds were identified as berberine, columbamine, groenlandicine, jatrorrhizine, magnoflorine, corydaldine and ferulic acid methylester. Then measured their bitter degree based on the electronic tongue and evaluated the antibacterial. The results based on the Electronic Tongue showed that berberine, columbamine, groenlandicine and jatrorrhizine have higher bitter degree than magnoflorine and corydaldine. And they also appeared better antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus. The correlation coefficients between bitter degree and the two bacteria antibacterial activity were 0.983 and 0.911. So there was close relationship between the bitter degree and antibacterial activity of bitter components. Thus, it is confirmed further that bitter components are the material foundation of medicinal effectiveness of bitter herbs.
Aporphines ; analysis ; Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; Biomedical Research ; instrumentation ; methods ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Electronics ; instrumentation ; methods ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Taste

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of different composition structures of total paeony glycoside (TPG) component and total phenolic acid of Ligusticum chuanxiong ( TLPA) on sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) -induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) hypoxic injury. The baseline geometric proportion was used to design different components structure. And then the best structure of components by cell injury model were optimized.

METHODA HUVEC hypoxic injury model was established by being induced of Na2S2O4. Cell viability was measured by MTI colorimetric method, intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase( LDH) levels, nitric oxide (NO) contents were measured by kits. At last, Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of two proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax.

RESULTCompared with the model group, TPG component, TLPA component at different composition structures can significantly increase SOD activity and decrease MDA, LDH, NO levels (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Chuanxiong Rhizoma components can downregulate the expression of Bax protein and upregulate the expression of Bcl-2 protein. The ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax was significantly increased (P < 0 01, P < 0 05), it means that cell apoptosis was inhibited. The results indicate that among all the component composition structures, TPG and TLPA component at the proportion of 8: 2 had the best protection on hypoxic injury of endothelial cells.

CONCLUSIONTPG component and TLPA component can resist HUVEC hypoxia injury, the protective effect was the most evident under the structure of 8: 2, which may be due to the inhibition of intracellular lipid peroxidation and cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Glycosides ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Hypoxia ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rhizome ; chemistry